Differences in water use efficiency among annual forages used by the dairy industry under optimum and deficit irrigation

Neal, J.S.; Fulkerson, WJ; Hacker, Ronald B.

doi:10.1016/j.agwat.2010.11.011

Cited by 44 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…This is likely due to the nearly constant values of K e resulting from the abundant and frequent rains that kept the soil evaporation layer wet most of time for all three cutting treatments. The standard K c values reported in Table 8 for this study with Tifton 85 bermudagrass are larger than those reported by Wherley et al [23] for bermudagrass and by Graham et al [48] for ryegrass, and slightly larger than those reported by Neal et al [24] for ryegrass. These authors also adopted a single averaged K c .…”

Section: Crop Coefficientscontrasting

confidence: 54%

“…A few authors directly compared ET obtained with eddy covariance, BREB, or a soil water balance with ET o but not searching for a K c value [20], or even assumed equality between grass ET and ET o [21]. Other authors just computed daily K c act values (often using different designations for that parameter) but did not search for a K c curve that would describe their seasonal variation [22,23], or just identified a mean seasonal K c act [24]. The lack of search for a K c curve led some authors to consider the K c -ET o approach as non-useful [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evapotranspiration Partition and Crop Coefficients of Tifton 85 Bermudagrass as Affected by the Frequency of Cuttings. Application of the FAO56 Dual Kc Model

Paredes

Rodrigues

Petry

et al. 2018

Water

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Abstract:This study aims to model the impacts of the frequency of cuttings of Tifton 85 bermudagrass on the dynamics of evapotranspiration (ET c ) and to derive crop coefficients appropriate for grass water management. Two seasons of experimentation were used with four different cutting treatments which provided field data for calibration and validation of the soil water balance model SIMDualKc for all treatments. Cuttings were performed after the cumulative growth degree days (CGDD) attained 124 • C, 248 • C and 372 • C, thus from short to very long intervals between cuttings. SIMDualKc adopts the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) dual K c approach for partitioning ET into crop transpiration and soil evaporation, thus providing for an assessment of their dynamics. All treatments were irrigated to avoid water stress. Grass ET c was modelled adopting a K cb curve to describe the ET variation for each cutting cycle, that is, using the FAO K c curve that consists of a series of K cb curves relative to each cutting cycle. Each individual K cb curve consisted of three segments constructed when knowing the K cb values at the initial, at the end of rapid growth, and at cutting, respectively K cb ini , K cb gro and K cb cut . These K cb values were first estimated using the equation relating K cb to the density coefficient (K d ), which is computed from the fraction of ground cover (f c ) and canopy height (h) at the same dates. The goodness of fit indicators relative to the calibration and validation of the SIMDualKc model were rather good, with the normalized root mean square error (RMSE) ranging from 4.0% to 6.7% of the mean available soil water. As an example, the standard K cb values obtained after model calibration relative to the cuttings treatment with CGDD of 248 • C are: K cb ini = 0.86, K cb gro = 0.91 and K cb cut = 0.96. K cb values were smaller when the frequency of cuts was larger because h and f c were smaller, and were larger for reduced cuttings frequency since h and f c were then larger. Because the soil was wet most of the time, the soil evaporation K e varied little but its value was small due to the combined effects of the fraction of crop cover and plant litter covering the soil. The values of K c = K cb +K e also varied little due to the influence of K e and the K c curve obtained a form different from the K cb curves, and a single K c value was adopted for each cutting frequency, e.g., K c = 0.99 for the treatment with CGDD of 248 • C. Results of the soil water balance have shown that, during the experimental periods, likely due to the effects of the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO), runoff and deep percolation exceeded ET c . Moreover, the soil evaporation ratio was small: 14% in case of frequent cuttings and less for more spaced cuttings, thus with a transpiration ratio close to 90%, which indicates a very high beneficial consumptive water use, mainly when cuttings are not very frequent.

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Section: Crop Coefficientscontrasting

confidence: 54%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evapotranspiration Partition and Crop Coefficients of Tifton 85 Bermudagrass as Affected by the Frequency of Cuttings. Application of the FAO56 Dual Kc Model

Paredes

Rodrigues

Petry

et al. 2018

Water

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“…While WUE is an effective way to compare intrinsic physiological differences of a range of forages subjected to the same climatic conditions at a single location (Neal, Fulkerson, & Hacker, ), direct comparison with values from other studies is not always valid as values can be influenced by many factors including soil type and depth, nitrogen, temperature, solar radiation, VPD and management (e.g., Carter & Sheaffer, ; Hirth, Haines, Ridley, & Wilson, ; McCaskill et al., ; Neal, Fulkerson, & Hacker, ; Stout, ). Data from our study in part support our hypothesis that tropical grasses are more productive and have high WUE as digit grass had higher yield than the other forage types and so had higher WUE, but both Rhodes grass and forest bluegrass tended to have lower productivity and therefore lower WUE.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil water dynamics, herbage production and water use efficiency of three tropical grasses: Implications for use in a variable summer‐dominant rainfall environment, Australia

Murphy

Boschma

Harden

2018

Grass and Forage Science

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In the moist mid‐latitudes of eastern Australia, soil water dynamics, herbage production and water use efficiency (WUE) were monitored during 2006–2008, for five perennial pastures: digit grass (Digitaria eriantha), Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana), forest bluegrass (Bothriochloa bladhii), native grass (Bothriochloa macra and Rytidosperma bipartita dominant), lucerne (Medicago sativa); and two forage crops: oat (Avena fatua) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor). Ground cover formed more quickly in Rhodes grass and lucerne (>70% ground cover in 120 and 175 days after sowing [DAS] respectively) than in forest bluegrass and digit grass (245 and 365 DAS respectively). Values of maximum extractable water (MEW) for Rhodes grass and lucerne were similar (180–242 mm), while values for digit grass and forest bluegrass (129–175 mm) were equal to or greater than those for native grass, and two annual forage crops (77–144 mm). Lucerne expressed the maximum root depth (1.46 m), while values for the tropical grasses (0.96–1.39 m) were greater than native grasses and forage crops (0.87–0.96 m). Native grasses (6.5–12 t DM/ha) had the lowest herbage production, which resulted in values of WUE that were significantly less than most other treatments (16–21 vs. 23–43 kg DM ha−1 mm−1). Digit grass (33–34 kg DM ha−1 mm−1) had higher WUE compared with the other tropical grasses (20–27 kg DM ha−1 mm−1). The data collected here suggest that a forage system comprising digit grass, lucerne and forage oat would provide high production and WUE in this environment.

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“…sudanense is an annual summer plant (Almodares and Hadi 2009). Higher amounts of biomass can be obtained from this plant (Barbanti et al 2006) with low precipitation than other plants that are sources of sugar (Neal et al 2011). Keskin et al (2005) conducted a study in Turkey and found the dry grass efficiency of sorghum to be between 1.40 to 1.54 tons per decare (1 daa = 1000 square meters).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying the Conditions Required for the NaOH Method for Producing Pulp and Paper from Sorghum Grown In Turkey

Gençer¹,

Şahin²

2015

BioResources

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This study examines the possibilities of making pulp from sorghum grown in Bartın via the NaOH method. While setting the cooking conditions for producing pulp from annual plants, NaOH was used in quantities that amounted to 14, 16, 18, and 20% of the total weight of the dry sample. Optimum conditions were established relative to pulp yield, Kappa number, and a scoring table based on mechanical, optical, and physical values. Accordingly, optimum conditions for pulp production from sorghum stalks occurred when 20% NaOH was used at 120 °C, a 5:1 solution-tostalk ratio, and a cooking time of 60 min.

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Differences in water use efficiency among annual forages used by the dairy industry under optimum and deficit irrigation

Cited by 44 publications

References 34 publications

Evapotranspiration Partition and Crop Coefficients of Tifton 85 Bermudagrass as Affected by the Frequency of Cuttings. Application of the FAO56 Dual Kc Model

Evapotranspiration Partition and Crop Coefficients of Tifton 85 Bermudagrass as Affected by the Frequency of Cuttings. Application of the FAO56 Dual Kc Model

Soil water dynamics, herbage production and water use efficiency of three tropical grasses: Implications for use in a variable summer‐dominant rainfall environment, Australia

Identifying the Conditions Required for the NaOH Method for Producing Pulp and Paper from Sorghum Grown In Turkey

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