Differences in the sensitivity of benthic microalgae to ZN and CD regarding biofilm development and exposure history

Ivorra, Núria; Bremer, Simone; Guasch, Helena; Kraak, Michiel H.S.; Admiraal, Wim

doi:10.1002/etc.5620190516

Cited by 113 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 47 publications

(62 reference statements)

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“…The structure of biofilm could play an important protective role against Zn toxicity since metal toxicity is linked to metal penetration into cells (Escher & Hermens, 2002) and biofilm thickness reduces Zn and Cd diffusion (Ivorra et al, 2000;Duong et al, 2010). Since our biofilm was exposed after 4 weeks of colonization, a slow rate of diffusion into the biofilm matrix was expected during the first hours.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chl-a fluorescence parameters as biomarkers of metal toxicity in fluvial biofilms: an experimental study

et al. 2011

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A study was carried out to evaluate the sensitivity of different chlorophyll-a (chl-a) fluorescence parameters measured in freshwater biofilms as metal pollution biomarkers of short-and long-term metal exposures at environmentally realistic concentrations. A microcosm experiment was performed using indoor channels. Mature biofilms were exposed from hours to weeks to three different treatments: NoMetal, Zn (400 lg l -1 ); and Zn plus Cd (400 lg l -1 and 20 lg l -1 , respectively). Metal concentration was based on a real case study: the Riou-Mort River (France). Biofilms exposed to Zn bioaccumulated similar Zn contents per dry weight to those exposed to the mixture (Zn plus Cd) causing a similar inhibition of the effective quantum yield ðU 0 M Þ during the first hours of exposure. A reduction of the algal biomass, a shift in the community composition (a high reduction of diatoms), a reduction of the maximal quantum yield (U M ) and a strong reduction of non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) were observed from day 14 until the end of the experiment (35 days). The results indicate that the effects of the metal mixture present in the Riou-Mort on biofilms could be attributed to Zn toxicity. The use of a set of chl-a fluorescence measurements, including photochemical and NPQ parameters, are recommended as a reliable biomarker tool box to evaluate both short-and long-term effects of metals on biofilms containing oxygenic photoautotrophs, suggesting its use in field applications.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chl-a fluorescence parameters as biomarkers of metal toxicity in fluvial biofilms: an experimental study

et al. 2011

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“…Previous studies have shown that biofilm thickness (i.e., biofilm biomass), which can increase with biofilm age, protects against the toxicity of metals such as Cu or Zn (Ivorra et al 1999;Barranguet et al 2000). Ivorra et al (2000) demonstrated that mature benthic algae (characterized by highest AFDW) were less affected by Zn contamination than benthic algae exposed at an early development stage. Nevertheless, in our study, RDA showed that the most Zn-tolerant phototrophic biofilms had the lowest total biomass, indicating that the PICT increase was not influenced by biofilm thickness.…”

Section: Effects Of Zn Contamination On the Induced Tolerance Of The mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the few previous studies examining this issue failed to account for the specific structural and functional complexity of biofilms, and typically only one component (autotrophs) has been studied. Ivorra et al (2000) assessed the toxicity of Zn and Cd on benthic microalgae after 2 and 6 weeks of biofilm colonization in an extremely polluted site and compared the result to measurements from an upstream community. They found young biofilms were more vulnerable than mature biofilms to metal exposure, supporting the idea that exposure history and biofilm age affected tolerance to metals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In situ spatio-temporal changes in pollution-induced community tolerance to zinc in autotrophic and heterotrophic biofilm communities

Tlili¹,

Corcoll

Bonet

et al. 2011

Ecotoxicology

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Pollution-induced community tolerance (PICT) uses increased tolerance in populations at contaminated sites as an indicator of contaminant effects. However, given the broad structural and functional complexity that characterizes biological communities, the acquisition of PICT could vary with (i) target community, (ii) intensity of toxicant exposure, (iii) the species succession stage, and (iv) the physicochemical characteristics of the studied site. To assess the spatio-temporal changes of zinc-induced tolerance in fluvial biofilm communities, we conducted an in situ study in Osor River (North-East Catalonia, Spain), which has zinc contamination. Biofilms were developed for 5 weeks in a non-metal-polluted site, and were then transferred to different sites in Osor River with different levels of zinc contamination. The spatio-temporal changes of biofilm PICT to zinc was determined using photosynthetic activity bioassays and respiration-induced aerobic bioassays at T(0), and at 1, 3 and 5 weeks of exposure. We also performed physicochemical characterization of the sites, taxonomic analysis of diatoms, bacterial and fungal diversity and profiled pigments of phototrophic communities. We used multivariate ordination to analyze results. In addition to natural species succession, the intensity of metal pollution exerted structural pressure by selecting the most metal-tolerant species, but differently depending on the type of biofilm. Zn-tolerance values indicated that exposure to high levels of zinc had effects that were similar to a longer exposure to lower levels of zinc.

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“…However, in most studies, metal exposure levels used for periphyton grown in microcosms (or other aquaria systems) usually tend to be higher. For instance, Ivorra et al (2000Ivorra et al ( , 2002 exposed biofilms to Zn concentrations of 1000-3000 lg/l and Cd concentrations of 64-100 lg/l, and Morin et al (2008) exposed biofilms to Cd concentrations of 10 and 100 lg/l.…”

Section: Community Descriptorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low exposure levels of urban metals induce heterotrophic community tolerance: a microcosm validation

2011

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The biological response of periphyton chronically exposed to metals of urban origin (Cd, Ni and Zn) was investigated with a Pollution-Induced Community Tolerance (PICT) approach using a previously developed short-term toxicity test based on β-glucosidase (heterotrophic) activity. Periphyton was grown on plastic membranes immersed in indoor aquaria contaminated with metals at realistic contamination levels (0.3, 3 μg/l for Cd, 5, 50 μg/l for Ni, 20, 200 μg/l for Zn). After 3 weeks of exposure, biofilms' parameters (dry-weight, chlorophyll a concentration, heterotrophic activity) were analyzed and tolerance acquisition of the heterotrophic communities was assessed using the toxicity test. Modifications of bacterial and eukaryotic community structure were assessed with Automated Ribosomal Intergenic Spacer Analysis (ARISA). Effects of metal exposure were observed on biofilms parameters in the Cd and Zn experiments. Tolerance levels increased for both Cd-exposed biofilms, and for the high metal treatment biofilms in the Ni and Zn experiments. Analysis of the ARISA profiles showed that metal exposure affected the structure of both bacterial and eukaryotic communities. Moreover, Cd tolerance of the Zn-exposed heterotrophic communities was evaluated, which showed that the Zn-tolerant community (high metal treatment in the Zn experiment) also became tolerant to Cd (co-tolerance). The study shows that tolerance acquisition can be detected after exposure to environmental metal concentrations using β-glucosidase activity as an endpoint in short-term toxicity tests.

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Differences in the sensitivity of benthic microalgae to ZN and CD regarding biofilm development and exposure history

Cited by 113 publications

References 47 publications

Chl-a fluorescence parameters as biomarkers of metal toxicity in fluvial biofilms: an experimental study

Chl-a fluorescence parameters as biomarkers of metal toxicity in fluvial biofilms: an experimental study

In situ spatio-temporal changes in pollution-induced community tolerance to zinc in autotrophic and heterotrophic biofilm communities

Low exposure levels of urban metals induce heterotrophic community tolerance: a microcosm validation

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