Differences in the removal efficiency of heavy metals in soils with different vegetation backgrounds along the China-Russia crude oil pipeline

Abstract

Petroleum plays a crucial strategic role in the nation's growth and is closely related to national strategy, international politics, and the global power structure (Tsui 2011). Since the energy problem has become severe in recent years, petroleum has steadily taken on a vital role in restricting the steady growth of the national economy (Hughes and Rudolph 2011, Martínez-Palou et al. 2011, Xiao et al. 2022. Countries and regions that are not rich in oil resources inevitably need to solve the problem of oil procurement and transportation. The long-distance oil pipeline serves as a pipeline system for the movement of crude oil and petroleum products, making it the most important piece of transportation equipment in the oil storage and transportation sector (Tsoskounoglou et al. 2008). After all, pipeline oil transportation provides advantages over railroad and highway oil transportation (Martínez-Palou et al. 2011), including large volume, good tightness, low cost, and high safety factors (Hasan et al. 2010, Martínez-Palou et al. 2011, Ilman and Kusmono 2014. The completion of the China-Russia crude oil pipeline is an important step in accelerating the development of China's strategic energy channel, optimising oil supply and transportation patterns, ensuring the security of the country's energy supply, strengthening China-Russia