Differences in the photogenotoxic potential of two fluoroquinolones as shown in diploid yeast strain (Saccharomyces cerevisae) and supercoiled plasmid DNA

Marrot, Laurent; Agapakis-Causse, Catherine

doi:10.1016/s1383-5718(00)00034-6

Cited by 28 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Among these steps, some use a bacterial system (Photo‐Ames test), but the extreme sensitivity of bacteria to UV light makes the use of UV doses irrelevant when compared with human exposure. The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae can also be used as a quick and very informative model for photocytotoxicity and photogenototoxicity assessment (80,81).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photogenotoxicity of Mammalian Cells: A Review of the Different Assays for In Vitro Testing¶

Meunier

Sarasin

Marrot

2007

Photochemistry and Photobiology

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During the past several years, phototoxicity has been studied at the molecular level, and these studies have provided new insights in the field of DNA lesion characterization, DNA repair and cell response to ultraviolet (UV)‐induced stress. The development of new antibiotics and antiinflammatory drugs has highlighted the necessity to develop the assessment of phototoxicity in the safety evaluation of new chemical compounds. This paper aims at reviewing the known molecular mechanisms of the cellular response to UV‐induced stress, the in vitro methods that can be proposed and used to screen for toxicity of sunlight and the photosensitization process resulting from the activation of drugs by light. UV sources, biological systems and endpoints of interest in that particular objective are listed. Phototoxic effects span from the cytotoxic–apoptotic effect to the induction of primary DNA damage, DNA repair and a variety of stress genes acting on the cell cycle and the fate of the cell. Ultimately, it can lead to the induction of hereditary DNA modification. A variety of assays are proposed to specifically address all these particular consequences of UV‐induced toxicity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photogenotoxicity of Mammalian Cells: A Review of the Different Assays for In Vitro Testing¶

Meunier

Sarasin

Marrot

2007

Photochemistry and Photobiology

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“…T<>T are evidenced by T4 endonuclease V or Micrococcus luteus endonuclease. Indeed, LEV (45) and OFL (39,45), as well as 6,8 dihalogenated FQs LOM and BAY (81,106) show a higher potential in plasmid DNA base oxidation of both purine and pyrimidine, whereas methoxy substitution (MOX) tends to reduce this effect (45). T<>T formation has been evidenced for ENO and PEF (18), as well as for NOR (18,27).…”

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confidence: 99%

Photosensitization Reactions of Fluoroquinolones and Their Biological Consequences

Guidi

Bracchitta

Catalfo

2011

Photochem & Photobiology

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This review focuses on damage photosensitized by the fluoroquinolone (FQ) antibacterial drugs. Different models are employed to study biosubstrate photodamage mediated by FQs (organisms, cells, isolated biomolecules and super molecules). Being that the effect of environment (polarity of the medium, ions, pH, binding with bio-molecules, etc.) is crucial in FQ photochemistry, photobiological reactions can be consequently dramatically influenced. Thus, the photosensitization processes induced by FQs are here discussed taking into account that such extensive and cross-targeted pathological implications request an excursus covering photosensitization in systems of increasing molecular complexity. In vivo and in vitro evidences for photoallergy, phototoxicity, photomutagenesis and photocarcinogenesis mediated by FQs are discussed.

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“…Fluoroquinolones are considered relatively tolerant in comparison to other routinely used antibiotics (36). Fluoroquinolones are associated with different adverse effects including phototoxicity and photogenotoxicity (37). The aim of the present study was to gain more insight into the process of photodegradation: identification of photoproducts, involvement of UV‐R induced oxidative stress, cell‐cycle arrest as well as apoptotic cell death.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photosensitizing Mechanism and Identification of Levofloxacin Photoproducts at Ambient UV Radiation

Dwivedi

Mujtaba

Kushwaha

et al. 2012

Photochem & Photobiology

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Levofloxacin (LVFX) is a broad spectrum third generation fluoroquinolone antibiotic, used in the treatment of severe or life-threatening bacterial infections. Photosensitizing mechanism of LVFX was investigated under the ambient environmental intensities of UV-A, UV-B and sunlight exposure. Phototoxic effects of LVFX were assessed on NIH-3T3 and HaCaT cell lines. Results identified first time three photoproducts of LVFX at ambient levels of UV-R by LC-MS/MS. The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was investigated photochemically as well as intracellularly in HaCaT cell line. ROS were significantly quenched by specific quenchers like DABCO, NaN(3), D-mannitol and NAC. Photosensitized LVFX caused lipid peroxidation at different concentrations. Quenching study with superoxide dismutase confirms the LVFX-induced lipid photoperoxidation. Further, photocytotoxicity of LVFX showed significant reduction in cell viability by MTT and neutral red uptake assays. LVFX caused cell arrest in G2/M phases as well as induced apoptosis through ROS-dependent pathway. In addition, photosensitized LVFX also induced upregulation of p21 and Bax/Bcl-2 genes ratio. India is a tropical country and most of the human activities such as agriculture, commerce, sports, etc. take place in bright sunlight; therefore, photosensitive LVFX may lead to skin/ocular disorders and immune suppression. Information is needed regarding the phototoxicity of LVFX for human safety.

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Differences in the photogenotoxic potential of two fluoroquinolones as shown in diploid yeast strain (Saccharomyces cerevisae) and supercoiled plasmid DNA

Cited by 28 publications

References 29 publications

Photogenotoxicity of Mammalian Cells: A Review of the Different Assays for In Vitro Testing¶

Photogenotoxicity of Mammalian Cells: A Review of the Different Assays for In Vitro Testing¶

Photosensitization Reactions of Fluoroquinolones and Their Biological Consequences

Photosensitizing Mechanism and Identification of Levofloxacin Photoproducts at Ambient UV Radiation

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