Different perturbation regimes,including disturbance caused by cultivation or the process of natural restoration can have significant effects on the soil acidobacterial community in wetland. The relationship between the community composition and diversity of acidobacteria and perturbation in wetland to quantify the extent of such disturbance related changes in northeast China. We assessed the diversity of acidobacterial communities in nine samples of wetland soil collected from pristine marsh, neighboring cropland and a restoration forest land. High-throughput sequencing of a acidobacteria-specific genomic sequence the internal transcribed spacer (16S rRNA) region was used to identify acidobacterial taxa. We obtained 1, 523, 313 sequences that represented 7881 acidobacterial operational taxonomic units across the three types of sampling sites. Of these, 2847OTUs occurred at all three site types, 814 were shared between farmland and pristine wetland, 206 were shared between forestland and pristine wetland 1459 were shared between farmland and forestland. All sites also hosted unique acidobacterial OTUs with 639 OTUs exclusive to farmland 1616 exclusive to pristine wetland and 300 exclusive to forestland. Sequences were affiliated to 25 acidobacterial subgroups throughout the dataset. Sequence abundance showed that members of Acidobacteria_Gp1, Acidobacteria_Gp3, Acidobacteria_Gp7, Acidobacteria_Gp6, Acidobacteria_Gp2, Acidobacteria_Gp4, Acidobacteria_Gp13 (relative abundance>1%), which represented an overwhelming proportion of the soil acidobacterial communities and another 18 subgroups with an average relative abundance were<1%. The dominant subgroups that showed the greatest variation among habitat types. The soil bacterial community diversity decreased from a maximum in farmland, through the wetland, to a minimum in forestland. Canonical correlation analyses demonstrated that land use patterns changing, significantly altered the bacterial community composition of soil. The α-diversity of the soil acidobacterial community was most affected by soil physical and chemical properties, such as pH, soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), available nitrogen (AN) and available phosphorus (AP). Meanwhile, the soil acidobacterial community composition was significantly affected by pH available phosphorus, nitrogen and organic carbon. Overall, the results from our study showed that the acidobacterial community composition of wetland were affected by SOC, TN, TP and AN. In addition, our results also indicate that cultivation and natural restoration influenced the acidobacterial community structure and diversity. Cultivation can significantly enhance the acidobacterial diversity; however, once the composition of the wetland bacterial community has been altered by cultivated disturbance, it might be difficult to restore to its original state. These findings highlight the importance of effectively managing the soil acidobacterial community to maintain a naturally functioning soil ecosystem.