Differences in the gut microbiome across typical ageing and in Parkinson's disease

Nuzum, Nathan D.; Szymlek‐Gay, Ewa A.; Loke, Stella; Dawson, Samantha L.; Teo, Wei‐Peng; Hendy, Ashlee M.; Loughman, Amy; Macpherson, Helen

doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109566

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…Colonocytes are responsible for the uptake of SCFA from the lumen and begin to metabolize the SCFAs for their own energy needs, the unused portion of SCFAs is then transported across the basolateral membrane ( den Besten et al, 2013 ; Blaak et al, 2020 ; Aho et al, 2021 ). In PD, among broader changes in the microbiota composition, there have been various reports describing a decrease in SCFA producing species ( Bullich et al, 2019 ; Romano et al, 2021 ; Nuzum et al, 2023 ). Studies that examine levels of SCFAs themselves are less abundant, but the few available also describe a similar reduction of SCFA in the GI tract, particularly regarding butyrate ( Jackson et al, 2019 ; Aho et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Gut-brain Axis In Pdmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Composition of the intestinal bacteria in individuals with PD has been assessed in several studies ( Hasegawa et al, 2015 ; Keshavarzian et al, 2015 ; Scheperjans et al, 2015 ; Unger et al, 2016 ; Bedarf et al, 2017 ; Hill-Burns et al, 2017 ; Hopfner et al, 2017 ; Li et al, 2017 ; 2019 ; Li et al, 2022 Z. ; Mertsalmi et al, 2017 ; Minato et al, 2017 ; Petrov et al, 2017 ; Heintz-Buschart et al, 2018 ; Lin et al, 2018 ; 2019 ; Qian et al, 2018 ; Aho et al, 2019 ; Barichella et al, 2019 ; Pietrucci et al, 2019 ; Weis et al, 2019 ; Baldini et al, 2020 ; Cosma-Grigorov et al, 2020 ; Ren et al, 2020 ; Wallen et al, 2020 ; 2022 ; Zhang et al, 2020 ; Murros et al, 2021 ; Rosario et al, 2021 ; Takahashi et al, 2022 ; Nuzum et al, 2023 ) (see ( Nuzum et al, 2020 ; Plassais et al, 2021 ; Romano et al, 2021 ; Papić et al, 2022 ) for review and metanalyses). Reporting of changes in the α-diversity of the PD microbiome is mixed.…”

Section: Intestinal Bacteria Composition Changes In Pdmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reporting of changes in the α-diversity of the PD microbiome is mixed. Several report no change in α-diversity measures ( Scheperjans et al, 2015 ; Bedarf et al, 2017 ; Hopfner et al, 2017 ; Li et al, 2017 ; Lin et al, 2018 ; Aho et al, 2019 ; Pietrucci et al, 2019 ; Baldini et al, 2020 ; Nuzum et al, 2023 ), others report that α-diversity is increased in PD samples (an outgrowth of rare species and decrease in dominant species) ( Keshavarzian et al, 2015 ; Qian et al, 2018 ; Barichella et al, 2019 ; Ren et al, 2020 ; Zhang et al, 2020 ; Li Z. et al, 2022 ), and some report the PD group to have a lower α-diversity compared to controls ( Petrov et al, 2017 ; Cosma-Grigorov et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Intestinal Bacteria Composition Changes In Pdmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dysfunction of the gastrointestinal (GI) system is often related with a change in microbiota composition. In addition, several studies also have found correlations between disease severity and an altered microbiota ( Barichella et al, 2019 ; Romano et al, 2021 ; Boertien et al, 2022 ; Nuzum et al, 2023 ) (reviewed ( Boertien et al, 2019 ; Bullich et al, 2019 ; Nuzum et al, 2020 ; Papić et al, 2022 )).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Buty and the beast: the complex role of butyrate in Parkinson’s disease

Elford,

Becht,

Garssen

et al. 2024

Front. Pharmacol.

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Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a complex neurodegenerative disease which is often associated with gastrointestinal (GI) dysfunction. The GI tract is home to a wide range of microorganisms, among which bacteria, that can influence the host through various mechanisms. Products produced by these bacteria can act in the gut but can also exert effects in the brain via what is now well established to be the microbiota-gut-brain axis. In those with PD the gut-bacteria composition is often found to be different to that of non-PD individuals. In addition to compositional changes, the metabolic activity of the gut-microbiota is also changed in PD. Specifically, it is often reported that key producers of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) as well as the concentration of SCFAs themselves are altered in the stool and blood of those with PD. These SCFAs, among which butyrate, are essential nutrients for the host and are a major energy source for epithelial cells of the GI tract. Additionally, butyrate plays a key role in regulating various host responses particularly in relation to inflammation. Studies have demonstrated that a reduction in butyrate levels can have a critical role in the onset and progression of PD. Furthermore, it has been shown that restoring butyrate levels in those with PD through methods such as probiotics, prebiotics, sodium butyrate supplementation, and fecal transplantation can have a beneficial effect on both motor and non-motor outcomes of the disease. This review presents an overview of evidence for the altered gut-bacteria composition and corresponding metabolite production in those with PD, with a particular focus on the SCFA butyrate. In addition to presenting current studies regarding SCFA in clinical and preclinical reports, evidence for the possibility to target butyrate production using microbiome based approaches in a therapeutic context is discussed.

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Section: Gut-brain Axis In Pdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Intestinal Bacteria Composition Changes In Pdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Intestinal Bacteria Composition Changes In Pdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Buty and the beast: the complex role of butyrate in Parkinson’s disease

Elford,

Becht,

Garssen

et al. 2024

Front. Pharmacol.

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“…Lower abundance of Butyricimonas synergistica, a butyrate-producer, was associated with worse PD non-motor symptoms (Nuzum et al, 2023).…”

Section: Hopfner Et Al (2017) Multilevel Models United Statesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of gut microbiota on the development of most prevalent neurodegenerative dementias and the potential effect of probiotics in elderly: A scoping review

Mateo,

Marquès,

Domingo

et al. 2023

American J of Med Genetics Pt B

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Dementia is one of today's greatest public health challenges. Its high socio‐economic impact and difficulties in diagnosis and treatment are of increasing concern to an aging world population. In recent years, the study of the relationship between gut microbiota and different neurocognitive disorders has gained a considerable interest. Several studies have reported associations between gut microbiota dysbiosis and some types of dementia. Probiotics have been suggested to restore dysbiosis and to improve neurocognitive symptomatology in these dementias. Based on these previous findings, the available scientific evidence on the gut microbiota in humans affected by the most prevalent dementias, as well as the probiotic trials conducted in these patients in recent years, have been here reviewed. Decreased concentrations of short‐chain fatty acids (SCFA) and other bacterial metabolites appear to play a major role in the onset of neurocognitive symptoms in Alzheimer disease (AD) and Parkinson disease dementia (PDD). Increased abundance of proinflammatory taxa could be closely related to the more severe clinical symptoms in both, as well as in Lewy Bodies dementia. Important lack of information was noted in Frontotemporal dementia behavioral variant. Moreover, geographical differences in the composition of the gut microbiota have been reported in AD. Some potential beneficial effects of probiotics in AD and PDD have been reported. However, due to the controversial results further investigations are clearly necessary.

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Microbiota–brain interactions in aging and neurodegeneration

Foster,

Clarke

2024

Microbiota Brain Axis

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Differences in the gut microbiome across typical ageing and in Parkinson's disease

Cited by 7 publications

References 80 publications

Buty and the beast: the complex role of butyrate in Parkinson’s disease

Buty and the beast: the complex role of butyrate in Parkinson’s disease

Influence of gut microbiota on the development of most prevalent neurodegenerative dementias and the potential effect of probiotics in elderly: A scoping review

Microbiota–brain interactions in aging and neurodegeneration

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