Differences in the flame retardant mechanism of melamine cyanurate in polyamide 6 and polyamide 66

Gijsman, Pieter; Steenbakkers, Rieky; Fürst, Christian; Kersjes, Joyce

doi:10.1016/s0141-3910(02)00136-2

Cited by 112 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…20 Similarly, PA6 also exhibited a single stage of degradation at about 429 o C, and the temperature of maximum rate of degradation was at about 466 o C, and related to the breakage of the main chain. The degradation of PA6 was a depolymerization (a reversed reaction of cyclic polycondensation) to form a caprolatam 21,33 ; finally, formed the char residual less than 0.21 wt%.…”

Section: Table I Samples Blend Ratiosmentioning

confidence: 99%

A kinetic study of thermal degradations of chitosan/polycaprolactam blends

2004

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We have used FT-IR spectra to explain the effects of hydrogen bonding between chitosan and polycaprolactam (PA6). A dynamic mechanical analysis study suggested that the optimum chitosan and PA6 miscibility under the conditions of this experiment were obtained at a blending ratio of 40:60. We studied the thermal degradation of chitosan blended with PA6 (chitosan/PA6) by thermogravimetric analysis and kinetic analysis (by the Ozawa method). Dry chitosan and PA6 exhibited a single stage of thermal degradation and chitosan/PA6 blends having >20 wt% PA6 exhibited at least two stages of degradation. In chitosan/PA6 blends, chitosan underwent the first stage of thermal degradation; the second stage proceeded at a temperature lower than that of PA6, because the decomposition product of chitosan accelerated the degradation of PA6. The activation energies of the blends were between 130 and 165 kJ/mol, which are also lower than that of PA6.

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Section: Table I Samples Blend Ratiosmentioning

confidence: 99%

A kinetic study of thermal degradations of chitosan/polycaprolactam blends

2004

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“…When this happens at adipic acid terminated chain end of polyamide 66, there is concomitant release of carbon dioxide. Literature reveals that there may be several types of competitive reaction in the thermal degradation of PA66 and additives often found to influence this degradation pathway in a favourable way [26,27,[30][31][32][33]37,59,60].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Levchik et al discussed that chain scission might also occur at the alkylamide bond -CH 2 -CONH-and formation of carbodiimide structures with relatively large amount of CO 2 [27]. Gijsman et al reported that cyclopentanone may cross-link with melamine cyanurate degradation product, mainly ammonia resulting in less flammable high molecular weight structures [59]. Taken these facts into account, tracing cyclopentanone evolution is considered an equally important factor in flame retardancy of PA66.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outlining the mechanism of flame retardancy in polyamide 66 blended with melamine-poly(zinc phosphate)

Naik

Fontaine

Samyn

et al. 2014

Fire Safety Journal

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“…Especially the simultaneous modification of PUFs with nitrogen and phosphorus is desirable due to synergy between those two elements. [10][11][12] Thus, the best known flame retardants are ammonium phosphates and melamine and MPP. 13 Addition of flame retardants decreases the percentage of flammable parts of composites.…”

Section: Where: X + Y + Z + P + Q + M = N R = -H -Chmentioning

confidence: 99%

Melamine Polyphosphate – the Reactive and Additive Flame Retardant for Polyurethane Foams

Lubczak

Lubczak²

2016

ACSi

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Melamine polyphosphate (MPP) was applied as reactive and additive flame retardant for thermally resistant polyurethane foams. MPP was hydroxyalkylated with ethylene and propylene carbonates to get oligoetherols with 1,3,5-triazine ring and phosphorus. The structure and physical properties of the products were studied. The polyurethane foams, (PUFs) obtained from this oligoetherols were self-extinguishing. The addition of powdered MPP into foaming mixture resulted in further decrease of flammability modified PUFs. The MPP-modified PUFs were characterized by physical methods adequate to thermal resistance and flammability of the PUFs. The best MPP-modified PUF showed oxygen index 24.6. All the modified PUFs were remarkably thermally resistant; they could stand long lasting thermal exposure even at 200 °C.

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Differences in the flame retardant mechanism of melamine cyanurate in polyamide 6 and polyamide 66

Cited by 112 publications

References 9 publications

A kinetic study of thermal degradations of chitosan/polycaprolactam blends

A kinetic study of thermal degradations of chitosan/polycaprolactam blends

Outlining the mechanism of flame retardancy in polyamide 66 blended with melamine-poly(zinc phosphate)

Melamine Polyphosphate – the Reactive and Additive Flame Retardant for Polyurethane Foams

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