Differences in the fecal microbiota due to the sexual niche segregation of captive Gentoo penguins Pygoscelis papua

Tian, Jing; Du, Jing; Lu, Zengkui; Li, Yanqiu; Li, Duohui; Han, Jingfeng; Wang, Zhen; Guan, Xiaoyan

doi:10.1007/s00300-021-02812-9

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Each ASV was assigned to a taxonomy according to the SILVA database (Yilmaz et al, 2014), and an ASV abundance table was constructed. Singletons (number of tags in a specific ASV = 1) were discarded to improve the efficiency of data analysis (Tian et al, 2021), and the ASV table was normalized using a standard number of tags according to the sample with the least tags (Zhao et al, 2018). Finally, the functions of the gut microbiota were predicted using PICRUSt2 software (Douglas et al, 2020) based on the normalized ASV abundance table.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age‐associated variation in the gut microbiota of chinstrap penguins (Pygoscelis antarctica) reveals differences in food metabolism

Tian

Zhang

et al. 2021

MicrobiologyOpen

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Age is known to affect the gut microbiota in various animals; however, this relationship is poorly understood in seabirds. We investigated the temporal succession of gut microbiota in captive chinstrap penguins of different ages using high‐throughput sequencing. The gut microbiota exhibited a significant age succession pattern, reaching maturity in adults and then declining with increasing age. Only 15 amplicon sequence variants were shared among the gut microbiota in chinstrap penguins at all studied ages, and these contributed to most of the age‐related variations in total gut microbiota. Co‐occurrence networks found that these key bacteria belonged to the genera Acinetobacter, Clostridium sensu stricto, and Fusobacterium, and more species interactions were found within the same taxonomy. Functional prediction indicated that most of the metabolic functions were more abundant in the gut microbiota in adult chinstrap penguins, except for carbohydrate metabolism, which was significantly more abundant in older individuals.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age‐associated variation in the gut microbiota of chinstrap penguins (Pygoscelis antarctica) reveals differences in food metabolism

Tian

Zhang

et al. 2021

MicrobiologyOpen

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“…Overall, the main bacterial phyla in penguin fecal microbiota from the Southern Hemisphere were Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes ( Potti et al, 2002 ; Barbosa et al, 2016 ; Dewar et al, 2013 , 2014 , 2017 ; Yew et al, 2017 ; Lee et al, 2019 ; Tian et al, 2021a , 2021b ). In turn, the main bacterial phyla in seabird plumage microbiota from the Southern Hemisphere were Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Acidobacteria ( Leclaire et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Vertebratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Besides community compositional comparisons, 16S surveys have been used to understand changes in penguin fecal microbiome predicted metabolic functions. For example, in captive gentoo penguins ( Pygoscelis papua ) at the Dalian Sun Asia Aquarium, China, sex apparently influenced fecal microbiome predicted metabolism ( Tian et al, 2021b ). Male fecal microbiota was enriched in carbohydrate metabolism, putatively driven by the Lachnospiraceae family, whereas female fecal microbiota was enriched in protein metabolism, putatively driven by the Fusobacteriaceae family ( Tian et al, 2021b ).…”

Section: Vertebratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, in captive gentoo penguins ( Pygoscelis papua ) at the Dalian Sun Asia Aquarium, China, sex apparently influenced fecal microbiome predicted metabolism ( Tian et al, 2021b ). Male fecal microbiota was enriched in carbohydrate metabolism, putatively driven by the Lachnospiraceae family, whereas female fecal microbiota was enriched in protein metabolism, putatively driven by the Fusobacteriaceae family ( Tian et al, 2021b ). Microbiome-predicted functions from 16S data are constrained by the number of available microbial genomes sequenced ( Douglas et al, 2020 ) and information on “optimal performance” is limited to human samples and decrease sharply in environmental samples ( Sun, Jones & Fodor, 2020 ).…”

Section: Vertebratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Current knowledge of the Southern Hemisphere marine microbiome in eukaryotic hosts and the Strait of Magellan surface microbiome project

Ochoa-Sánchez,

Acuña Gomez,

Ramírez-Fenández

et al. 2023

PeerJ

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Host-microbe interactions are ubiquitous and play important roles in host biology, ecology, and evolution. Yet, host-microbe research has focused on inland species, whereas marine hosts and their associated microbes remain largely unexplored, especially in developing countries in the Southern Hemisphere. Here, we review the current knowledge of marine host microbiomes in the Southern Hemisphere. Our results revealed important biases in marine host species sampling for studies conducted in the Southern Hemisphere, where sponges and marine mammals have received the greatest attention. Sponge-associated microbes vary greatly across geographic regions and species. Nevertheless, besides taxonomic heterogeneity, sponge microbiomes have functional consistency, whereas geography and aging are important drivers of marine mammal microbiomes. Seabird and macroalgal microbiomes in the Southern Hemisphere were also common. Most seabird microbiome has focused on feces, whereas macroalgal microbiome has focused on the epibiotic community. Important drivers of seabird fecal microbiome are aging, sex, and species-specific factors. In contrast, host-derived deterministic factors drive the macroalgal epibiotic microbiome, in a process known as “microbial gardening”. In turn, marine invertebrates (especially crustaceans) and fish microbiomes have received less attention in the Southern Hemisphere. In general, the predominant approach to study host marine microbiomes has been the sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Interestingly, there are some marine holobiont studies (i.e., studies that simultaneously analyze host (e.g., genomics, transcriptomics) and microbiome (e.g., 16S rRNA gene, metagenome) traits), but only in some marine invertebrates and macroalgae from Africa and Australia. Finally, we introduce an ongoing project on the surface microbiome of key species in the Strait of Magellan. This is an international project that will provide novel microbiome information of several species in the Strait of Magellan. In the short-term, the project will improve our knowledge about microbial diversity in the region, while long-term potential benefits include the use of these data to assess host-microbial responses to the Anthropocene derived climate change.

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“…In addition, there is also evidence that significant sex-related differences have been found in the intestinal microbiota of captive Gentoo penguins. The abundance of Firmicutes in the intestines of male Gentoo penguins has been shown to be significantly higher than in females [ 16 ]. Herein, we hypothesize that the microbial structure might be discrepant in African penguins of different sexes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composition, Diversity and Sex-Related Differences in Intestinal Microbiota in Captive African Penguins (Spheniscus demersus)

Jiang

2023

Animals

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An understanding of the microbial communities in African penguins (Spheniscus demersus) could provide valuable information for saving this endangered species. The objective of this study was to investigate the composition, diversity and sex-related differences in the intestinal microbiota of captive African penguins. Fecal samples were collected from 21 captive adult African penguins reared in the same conditions at Shanghai Zoo. The results show that Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Firmicutes were the predominant bacteria in the intestinal microbiota of the captive African penguins. No difference was found in microbial diversity between female and male African penguins, as shown by their similar alpha and beta diversities. However, a notable sex-related difference was found between their microbial compositions. Female African penguins have a higher abundance of Pseudomonas and a lower abundance of Kocuria than males. A functional prediction indicates that the “mRNA surveillance pathway”, “Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis”, “Wnt signaling pathway”, “Lysosome” and “Cell cycle” pathways were significantly enriched in the microbiota of female African penguins. In conclusion, the present study indicates that the compositions and predicted functions of the intestinal microbiota are significantly different between the sexes. Our data suggest that the intestinal microbiota of female African penguins are more unstable than the intestinal microbiota of males in captivity.

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Differences in the fecal microbiota due to the sexual niche segregation of captive Gentoo penguins Pygoscelis papua

Cited by 6 publications

References 49 publications

Age‐associated variation in the gut microbiota of chinstrap penguins (Pygoscelis antarctica) reveals differences in food metabolism

Age‐associated variation in the gut microbiota of chinstrap penguins (Pygoscelis antarctica) reveals differences in food metabolism

Current knowledge of the Southern Hemisphere marine microbiome in eukaryotic hosts and the Strait of Magellan surface microbiome project

Composition, Diversity and Sex-Related Differences in Intestinal Microbiota in Captive African Penguins (Spheniscus demersus)

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