Differences in the activity and bacterial community structure of drained grassland and forest peat soils

Ausec, Luka; Kraigher, Barbara; Mandić-Mulec, Ines

doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2009.06.010

Cited by 52 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The Amerindians carried marker bacteria that were not reported in previous studies (Supplementary Table S3), such as soil bacteria Gp1 (Acidobacteriaceae) (Ausec et al, 2009;Castro et al, 2010), and the xylanolytic Xylanibacter (Prevotellaceae) (Ueki et al, 2006), as well as Phocoenobacter (Pasteurellaceae), first described in a porpoise (Foster et al, 2000), in addition to unidentified members of the phyla Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

The bacterial microbiota in the oral mucosa of rural Amerindians

Contreras

Costello

Hidalgo³

et al. 2010

Microbiology

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The oral microbiota plays an important role in buccal health and in diseases such as periodontitis and meningitis. The study of the human oral bacteria has so far focused on subjects from Western societies, while little is known about subjects from isolated communities. This work determined the composition of the oral mucosa microbiota from six Amazon Amerindians, and tested a sample preservation alternative to freezing. Paired oral swabs were taken from six adults of Guahibo ethnicity living in the community of Platanillal, Amazonas State, Venezuela. Replicate swabs were preserved in liquid nitrogen and in Aware Messenger fluid (Calypte). Buccal DNA was extracted, and the V2 region of the 16S rRNA gene was amplified and pyrosequenced. A total of 17 214 oral bacterial sequences were obtained from the six subjects; these were binned into 1034 OTUs from 10 phyla, 30 families and 51 genera. The oral mucosa was highly dominated by four phyla: Firmicutes (mostly the genera Streptococcus and Veillonella), Proteobacteria (mostly Neisseria), Bacterioidetes (Prevotella) and Actinobacteria (Micrococcineae). Although the microbiota were similar at the phylum level, the Amerindians shared only 62 % of the families and 23 % of the genera with non-Amerindians from previous studies, and had a lower richness of genera (51 vs 177 reported in non-Amerindians). The Amerindians carried unidentified members of the phyla Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria and their microbiota included soil bacteria Gp1 (Acidobacteriaceae) and Xylanibacter (Prevotellaceae), and the rare genus Phocoenobacter (Pasteurellaceae). Preserving buccal swabs in the Aware Messenger oral fluid collection device substantially altered the bacterial composition in comparison to freezing, and therefore this method cannot be used to preserve samples for the study of microbial communities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

The bacterial microbiota in the oral mucosa of rural Amerindians

Contreras

Costello

Hidalgo³

et al. 2010

Microbiology

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“…Acidobacteria are widely distributed soil bacteria capable of growth under acidic and low nutrient concentrations (Ward et al, 2009). Particularly members of the order Acidobacteriales have been shown to be dominant community members in Russian and Slovenian peatlands (Dedysh et al, 2006; Kraigher et al, 2006; Ausec et al, 2009; Dedysh, 2011). Some Acidobacteria isolated from peat are strictly aerobic (Kulichevskaya et al, 2010) and dominant in situ community members under drained conditions (Ausec et al, 2009) in contrast to our findings of increased relative importance under anoxic conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controls on bacterial and archaeal community structure and greenhouse gas production in natural, mined, and restored Canadian peatlands

Basiliko¹,

Henry²,

Gupta³

et al. 2013

Front. Microbiol.

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Northern peatlands are important global C reservoirs, largely because of their slow rates of microbial C mineralization. Particularly in sites that are heavily influenced by anthropogenic disturbances, there is scant information about microbial ecology and whether or not microbial community structure influences greenhouse gas production. This work characterized communities of bacteria and archaea using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) and sequence analysis of 16S rRNA and functional genes across eight natural, mined, or restored peatlands in two locations in eastern Canada. Correlations were explored among chemical properties of peat, bacterial and archaeal community structure, and carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) production rates under oxic and anoxic conditions. Bacteria and archaea similar to those found in other peat soil environments were detected. In contrast to other reports, methanogen diversity was low in our study, with only 2 groups of known or suspected methanogens. Although mining and restoration affected substrate availability and microbial activity, these land-uses did not consistently affect bacterial or archaeal community composition. In fact, larger differences were observed between the two locations and between oxic and anoxic peat samples than between natural, mined, and restored sites, with anoxic samples characterized by less detectable bacterial diversity and stronger dominance by members of the phylum Acidobacteria. There were also no apparent strong linkages between prokaryote community structure and CH4 or CO2 production, suggesting that different organisms exhibit functional redundancy and/or that the same taxa function at very different rates when exposed to different peat substrates. In contrast to other earlier work focusing on fungal communities across similar mined and restored peatlands, bacterial and archaeal communities appeared to be more resistant or resilient to peat substrate changes brought about by these land uses.

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“…The authors reported that microbial communities collected from grassland soils perceived grass litter to be of higher quality, whereas communities from woodland soil were able to decompose both litter types similarly. Since peatland microbial community composition has been shown to vary with plant community composition (Fisk et al 2003;Jaatinen et al 2007;Ausec et al 2009), it is possible that changes in the quality of litter inputs on carbon mineralization will not be consistent across peatlands, with microbes instead preferentially utilizing ''native'' organic compounds to a greater extent.…”

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confidence: 99%

Dissimilar bacterial and fungal decomposer communities across rich to poor fen peatlands exhibit functional redundancy

et al. 2015

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N. 2015. Dissimilar bacterial and fungal decomposer communities across rich to poor fen peatlands exhibit functional redundancy. Can. J. Soil Sci. 95: 219Á230. Climatic and environmental changes can lead to shifts in the dominant vegetation communities present in northern peatland ecosystems, including from Sphagnum-to vascular-dominated systems. Such shifts in vegetation result in changes to the chemical quality of carbon substrates for soil microbial decomposers, with leaves and roots deposited in the peat surface and subsurface that potentially decompose faster. This study characterized the bacterial and fungal communities present along a nutrient gradient ranging from rich to poor fen peatlands and assessed the metabolic potential of these communities to mineralize a variety of organic matter substrates of varying chemical complexity using substrate-induced respiration (SIR) assays. Distinct microbial communities existed between rich, intermediate and poor fens, but SIR in each of the three sites exhibited the same pattern of carbon mineralization, providing support for the concept of functional redundancy, at least under standardized in vitro conditions. Preferential mineralization of simple organic substrates in the rich fen and complex compounds in the poor fen was not observed. Similarly, no preference was given to ''native'' organic matter extracts derived from each fen, with microbial communities opting for the most bioavailable substrate. This study suggests that soil bacteria and fungi might be able to respond relatively rapidly to shifts in vegetation communities and subsequent changes in the quality of carbon substrate additions to peatlands associated with environmental and climatic change. Redondance fonctionnelle des populations de bacte´ries et de champignons assurant la de´composition dans les riches a`pauvres tourbie`res de carex. Can. J. Soil Sci. 95: 219Á230. Les changements climatiques et environnementaux peuvent entraıˆner une modification des peuplements dominants de plantes dans l'e´cosyste`me des tourbie`res nordiques, notamment le passage des tourbie`res domine´es par le genre Sphagnum a`celles domine´es par les plantes vasculaires. De tels changements au niveau de la ve´ge´tation modifient la qualite´du substrat carbone´que de´compose la microflore du sol en raison du de´poˆt de feuilles et de racines susceptibles de se de´composer plus vite en surface et sous la surface. L'e´tude a permis de caracte´riser les populations de bacte´ries et de cryptogames qui occupent le gradient des tourbie`res a`carex riches a`pauvres; elle a aussi e´value´la capacite´de ces populations a`mine´raliser, par voie me´tabolique, divers substrats de matie`re organique d'une complexite´chimique variable, graˆce a`des essais sur la respiration induite par le substrat (RIS). La microflore des tourbie`res riches, interme´diaires et pauvres varie, mais la RIS illustre le meˆme mode de mine´ralisation du carbone dans les trois cas, ce qui appuie l'hypothe`se d'une redondance fonctionnelle, du moins dans des co...

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Differences in the activity and bacterial community structure of drained grassland and forest peat soils

Cited by 52 publications

References 38 publications

The bacterial microbiota in the oral mucosa of rural Amerindians

The bacterial microbiota in the oral mucosa of rural Amerindians

Controls on bacterial and archaeal community structure and greenhouse gas production in natural, mined, and restored Canadian peatlands

Dissimilar bacterial and fungal decomposer communities across rich to poor fen peatlands exhibit functional redundancy

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