Differences in species diversity of Monogenea between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans

Rohde, Klaus

doi:10.1007/bf00004168

Cited by 27 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(12 reference statements)

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“…Using this approach, we found a clear correlation between water temperature and the richness of metazoan ectoparasite communities of marine fish, supporting earlier studies by Rohde (1982Rohde ( , 1993 and Rohde et al (1995). The observed greater richness of ectoparasites on tropical hosts could be an artefact resulting from tropical ectoparasites exploiting on average more host species than temperate parasites; however, there is no evidence that host specificity varies with latitude (Rohde 1978c(Rohde , 1986. One more likely explanation for the pattern is that warmwater ectoparasite communities are more mature, being the product of greater evolutionary speed and thus a longer ''effective'' evolutionary time (Rohde 1992).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Comparing the richness of metazoan ectoparasite communities of marine fishes: controlling for host phylogeny

1997

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Parasite communities are the product of acquisitions and losses of parasite species during the evolutionary history of their host. When comparing the parasite communities of different host species to assess the role of ecological variables as determinants of parasite species richness, a correction must be made for the possible phylogenetic inheritance of parasites from ancestral hosts independent of host ecology. We performed a comparative analysis of the metazoan ectoparasite communities on the heads and gills of 111 species of marine fish. The influences of host body size, host schooling behaviour and water temperature were tested after controlling for both sampling and phylogenetic effects. Overall, water temperature correlated positively with both parasite species richness and abundance, whereas fish size only correlated with parasite abundance. The correlation across all fish species between water temperature and parasite species richness was dependent on an outlier point. The results, however, generally held when fish from different biogeographical areas (Pacific and Atlantic) were analysed separately. In all analyses, parasite species richness always correlated strongly with parasite abundance. There was no evidence that schooling fish taxa harboured richer or more abundant ectoparasite communities than their non-schooling sister taxa, possibly because of the small number of contrasts available for that test. Overall, whereas both water temperature and host size affect the number of parasite individuals that can be harboured by a fish, only temperature appears important as a determinant of ectoparasite community richness.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Comparing the richness of metazoan ectoparasite communities of marine fishes: controlling for host phylogeny

1997

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“…Dominant are the Microcotylidae (34 of 83 species), Dactylogyridae (17 species, 15 of these Ancyrocephalinae), and Capsaloidea (12 species); only 10 species belong to the Diclidophoroidea and 2 of these to the Diclidophoridae. Extensive surveys of surface fish in other geographical areas (Rohde, 1986) have shown that Diclidophoridae there are similarly insignificant, although some species are known from surface fish belonging to the Gadiformes and some other orders. It must be concluded that deepsea Monogenea show no or very little relationship with surface Monogenea of the same geographical area, but close relationship with Monogenea in the deepsea of other geographical areas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gill Monogenea of deepwater and surface fish in southeastern Australia

Rohde

1988

Hydrobiologia

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The faunas of gill Monogenea of marine teleost fishes in deep and surface waters of southeastern Australia are compared, based on extensive surveys: 1563 fish (66 or 67 species, 35 families, 15 orders) in deepwater; 1862 fish (46 species, 26 families, 7 orders) in surface water. Relative species diversity (number of species of Monogenea/all fish species examined) is approximately five times greater in surface waters.

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“…However, Lim (1998) listed 10 monogeneans in the haemulid Pomadasys hasta from southeast Asia, Euzet, Combes & Caro (1993) mentioned species of the sparid Diplodus in the Mediterranean which have up to 13 species of monogeneans, Byrnes & Rohde (1992) reported the case of four species of Acanthopagrus off Australia, which had from seven to 13 monogenean species each and a total of 23 to 32 species of ectoparasites each, and Rohde (1999) mentioned 25 species of gill and head ectoparasites on Lethrinus miniatus from Australia. Rohde (1986Rohde ( , 1999 has shown that the number of monogeneans per species of fish is strikingly higher in tropical water (with a mean of 2 species per fish) than in deep-sea or Arctic seas (0.3 species per fish).…”

Section: Remarksmentioning

confidence: 97%

Parasite biodiversity in a coral reef fish: twelve species of monogeneans on the gills of the grouper Epinephelus maculatus (Perciformes: Serranidae) off New Caledonia, with a description of eight new species of Pseudorhabdosynochus (Monogenea: Diplectanidae)

Justine

2006

Syst Parasitol

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Coral reefs are known for their high level of biodiversity, but parasite biodiversity has not been evaluated. Cases such as Epinephelus maculatus, described here, show that the numerical estimation of parasite biodiversity in coral reefs could reach more than ten times the number of fish species; consequently, the extinction of certain fish species from endangered coral reefs would result in the co-extinction of at least ten times the number of parasite species. E. maculatus is a grouper of intermediate size (1-2 kg) and common in the coral reefs of New Caledonia, South Pacific. Based on the examination of more than 800 monogenean specimens, 12 species of monogeneans (ten diplectanids and two ancyrocephalids) were differentiated on the gills. These species of diplectanids have not been found in other epinephelines in the same area and thus are considered as specific to this host. In addition, three species of copepods, and isopod larvae, are present on the gills; E. maculatus thus has a total of 16 species of gill ectoparasites, which can be found together on a single individual fish. Diplectanids include Laticola dae Journo & Justine, 2006, which is the most abundant species representing about 50% of the specimens, and nine species which are rare, each representing 2-7% of the specimens: Diplectanum uitoe n. sp. and eight species of Pseudorhabdosynochus Yamaguti, 1958. D. uitoe, provisionally attributed to Diplectanum Diesing, 1858, is characterised by a small conical penis with internal walls. Pseudorhabdosynochus auitoe n. sp., P. buitoe n. sp., P. cuitoe n. sp., P. duitoe n. sp., P. euitoe n. sp. and P. fuitoe n. sp. are differentiated on the basis of the morphology of the sclerotised vagina, but are very similar in other characteristics; P. guitoe n. sp. is characterised by a quadriloculate organ with very thick walls and a very small sclerotised vagina; and P. huitoe n. sp. is characterised by its sclerotised vagina and by very long ventral and dorsal haptoral bars. Two rare (2-3% of specimens) ancyrocephalids, Haliotrema epinepheli Young, 1969 and Haliotrema sp., are briefly described in relation to the male copulatory organs and haptoral bars; H. epinepheli is apparently a generalist species found in various epinephelines and other fish species. A table of the 50 species of diplectanids (Pseudorhabdosynochus, Laticola Yang et al., 2006, Echinoplectanum Justine & Euzet, 2006 and Diplectanum) from serranids is provided.

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Differences in species diversity of Monogenea between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans

Abstract: Data from five extensive surveys each in the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans show that relative species diversity

Cited by 27 publications

References 7 publications

Comparing the richness of metazoan ectoparasite communities of marine fishes: controlling for host phylogeny

Comparing the richness of metazoan ectoparasite communities of marine fishes: controlling for host phylogeny

Gill Monogenea of deepwater and surface fish in southeastern Australia

Parasite biodiversity in a coral reef fish: twelve species of monogeneans on the gills of the grouper Epinephelus maculatus (Perciformes: Serranidae) off New Caledonia, with a description of eight new species of Pseudorhabdosynochus (Monogenea: Diplectanidae)

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