“…According to this hypothesis, haptic cues are encoded directly at the sensorimotor level, whereas visual cues require additional time-consuming cognitive processing. This hypothesis is generally consistent with earlier basic (non-driving) experiments suggesting that kinesthetic and/or vibrotactile information can be used as quickly and accurately as vision to elicit movements, and sometimes even show a clear advantage (e.g., Bell & Macuga, 2019;Crevecoeur et al, 2016;Flanders & Cordo, 1989;Flanders et al, 1986;Gielen et al, 1983;Jordan, 1972;Kamen & Morris, 1988;Klein, 1977;Klein & Posner, 1974;Ng & Chan, 2012;Prewett et al, 2012).…”