Differences in nitrate reductase activity between species of different stages in old field succession

Smith, J.L.

doi:10.1007/bf00379560

Cited by 25 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…NRA decreased with increasing soil ammonium concentration and successional age, indicating that nitrate uptake is less feasible where ammonium availability is high. Smith and Rice (1983) observed decreased NRA and increased dry weight in plants supplied with more ammonium than nitrate. This trend was not observed in Barnard Valley soils, however, where levels of ammonium in the soil + (NH4i) were very similar to those of Madequecham Valley and similarly increased with successional age, although NRA was significantly lower.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Although the tendency of an individual plant species toward nitrate or ammonium nutrition is genetically determined (Chapin et al, 1987), plant nitrate assimilation capacity can respond to changing nitrate/ ammonium balance in soil. Some investigators have observed decreased NRA in climax systems (Haines, 1977;Smith and Rice, 1983) while others found high levels of uptake and competition for nitrate in forest systems with high nitrification rates (Nadelhoffer et al, 1984;Vitousek et al, 1982).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nitrification and nitrate reductase activity along a secondary successional gradient

Barford

Lajtha

1992

Plant Soil

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The control of nitrification was studied in a secondary successional gradient on Nantucket Island, MA. It was hypothesized that 1) variability in nitrification along the gradient is controlled by litter primary and secondary chemistry, and 2) differences in nitrate availability along the gradient are reflected in potential nitrate assimilation rates in plant tissue. Nitrification varied significantly (p <0.05) by successional stage in all study sites, generally increasing with successional age. The ratio of nitrification to total N mineralization did not vary significantly between successional stages, suggesting substrate limitation of nitrification. Litter terpenoid resin concentration was a significant predictor (p < 0.05) of nitrification rate, but soil %C, %N, and water content also contributed significantly to a stepwise regression model predicting nitrification. Nitrate reductase activity (NRA), an index of potential nitrate assimilation, was measured in an assay species (Schizachyrium scoparium). Although there was no significant correlation with nitrification, NRA was significantly (p < 0.05) negatively correlated with soil ammonium concentration along the successional gradient at one site, suggesting that plants preferentially utilized ammonium in this system.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrification and nitrate reductase activity along a secondary successional gradient

Barford

Lajtha

1992

Plant Soil

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“…Alpha-diversity (richness [S = the number of plant species per plot], Shannon-Weiner diversity [H' = -~ p,ln p, where p, is the relative cover of species i, Greig- Smith 1983], and evenness [equitability = H'/ln(S),…”

Section: Experiments Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Urine Deposition on Small‐Scale Patch Structure in Prairie Vegetation

Steinauer¹,

Collins²

1995

Ecology

117

118

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Large grazing mammals contribute to the species diversity of grasslands via direct and indirect effects of defoliation and urine deposition. We examined the influence of one and two applications of simulated bovine urine on vegetation structure on ( 1) tall grass prairie burned either every 2 or 4 yr at Konza Prairie Research Natural Area (KPRNA), Kansas, and (2) unburned sandhills prairie at the Niobrara Valley Preserve, Nebraska. We also examined the influence of urine and the clipping of graminoids on an annually burned site at KPRNA.Plant abundance in general increased on urine patches but the response appeared dependent on litter accumulation. C 4 grasses increased at the annual burn and Niobrara sites where litter levels were low. C 3 forbs increased at the 2-and 4-yr burn sites where litter levels were high. Urine treatment significantly affected community composition at all but the 2-yr burn site. Alpha-diversity decreased on urine patches at the annual and 4-yr burn sites but increased on urine patches at the Niobrara site. Beta-diversity increased on urine patches at the annual burn and Niobrara site but decreased on urine patches at the 4-yr burn site. The clipping of graminoids at the annual burn site reduced both a-and 13-diversity and graminoid abundance while forb abundance was not affected.

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“…2) and the numbers of nitrifiers (Table 2) showed that nitrification potential increased with the progress of succession. Smith and Rice (1983) have shown that the nitrate reductase activities of plants growing in soil where nitrification is inhibited are lower than those in plants growing in soil where nitrification takes place. The lack of any lower activity of nitrate reductase in the seral species compared with pioneers in the present study (Table 3) Possible processes by which nitrate could disappear from soil solution of the M. oligostachyus stage under higher nitrification potential are denitrification, microbial immobilization and plant absorption of nitrate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Nitrification and nitrogen accumulation in the early stages of primary succession on Mt. Fuji

Tateno

Hirose

1987

Ecological Research

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The relationship between nitrification potential and nitrogen accumulation was studied in an early successional sere on Mt. Fuji. Soil organic nitrogen accumulated with the invasion of Polygonum cuspidatum and successively with Miscanthus oligostachyus and other species. Laboratory incubation experiments showed a higher nitrification potential at the M. oligostachyus stage. The numbers of nitrifying bacteria increased with the progress of succession. No significant difference in nitrate reductase activity was found between pioneer and succeeding species. The soil solution at the M. oligostachyus stage contained a lower level of nitrate than rainwater, while that of the bare ground and the P. cuspidatum stage contained a higher nitrate level than rainwater. It was concluded that the high nitrate levels in the soil solution of the bare ground and the P. cuspidatum stage were due to lower nitrate-absorbing activity, leading to loss of nitrogen with precipitation, while the lower nitrate levels at the M. oligostachyus stage when higher nitrification activity occurred were due to higher nitrate-absorbing activity, preventing net loss of nitrogen from the ecosystem.

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Differences in nitrate reductase activity between species of different stages in old field succession

Cited by 25 publications

References 28 publications

Nitrification and nitrate reductase activity along a secondary successional gradient

Nitrification and nitrate reductase activity along a secondary successional gradient

Effects of Urine Deposition on Small‐Scale Patch Structure in Prairie Vegetation

Nitrification and nitrogen accumulation in the early stages of primary succession on Mt. Fuji

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