Differences in morpho-anatomical structure of ozone-sensitive and ozone-resistant tobacco cultivars

Borowiak, Klaudia; Zbierska, Janina; Drapikowska, Maria

doi:10.1556/abiol.61.2010.1.9

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…In general, enlarged, smooth leaves with thinner epidermis could indicate modification towards more mesomorphic leaf structure (Lindorf 1997;Aronne and De Micco 2001) under warmer climate and adequate water availability. Furthermore, thinner epidermis and reduced amount of non-glandular trichomes might impair protection capacity of the saplings to environmental stresses, such as heat, drought, O 3 or herbivores (Gutschick 1999;Borowiak et al 2010;Javelle et al 2011).…”

Section: Elevated Temperature Caused Formation Of Larger Leaves With Thinner Epidermis Reduced Non-glandular Trichomes and Enlarged Plastmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Elevated temperature and ozone modify structural characteristics of silver birch (Betula pendula) leaves

et al. 2019

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To study the effects of slightly elevated temperature and ozone (O3) on leaf structural characteristics of silver birch (Betula pendula Roth), saplings of four clonal genotypes of this species were exposed to elevated temperature (ambient air temperature +0.8–1.0 °C) and elevated O3 (1.3–1.4× ambient O3), alone and in combination, in an open-air exposure field over two growing seasons (2007 and 2008). So far, the impacts of moderate elevation of temperature or the combination of elevated temperature and O3 on leaf structure of silver birch have not been intensively studied, thus showing the urgent need for this type of studies. Elevated temperature significantly increased leaf size, reduced non-glandular trichome density, decreased epidermis thickness and increased plastoglobuli size in birch leaves during one or both growing seasons. During the second growing season, O3 elevation reduced leaf size, increased palisade layer thickness and decreased the number of plastoglobuli in spongy cells. Certain leaf structural changes observed under a single treatment of elevated temperature or O3, such as increase in the amount of chloroplasts or vacuole, were no longer detected at the combined treatment. Leaf structural responses to O3 and rising temperature may also depend on timing of the exposure during the plant and leaf development as indicated by the distinct changes in leaf structure along the experiment. Genotype-dependent cellular responses to the treatments were detected particularly in the palisade cells. Overall, this study showed that even a slight but realistic elevation in ambient temperature can notably modify leaf structure of silver birch saplings. Leaf structure, in turn, influences leaf function, thus potentially affecting acclimation capacity under changing climate.

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Section: Elevated Temperature Caused Formation Of Larger Leaves With Thinner Epidermis Reduced Non-glandular Trichomes and Enlarged Plastmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, cellular responses and plant sensitivity to warming and O 3 exposure varies between species, cultivars and genotypes (e.g. Pääkkönen et al 1997;Oksanen et al 2005;Borowiak et al 2010;Ara et al 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated temperature and ozone modify structural characteristics of silver birch (Betula pendula) leaves

et al. 2019

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“…Conversely, the Bel B variety is known to be non-sensitive (Heggestad, 1991). The high ozone tolerance of this variety has been attributed to wider epidermal cells and more spongy mesophyll cell layers (Borowiak et al, 2010) and to differences in the plant's ability to cope with oxidative stress once ozone has entered the stomata (Schraudner et al, 1998;Eltayeb et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant surface reactions: an opportunistic ozone defence mechanism impacting atmospheric chemistry

et al. 2016

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Abstract. Elevated tropospheric ozone concentrations are considered a toxic threat to plants, responsible for global crop losses with associated economic costs of several billion dollars per year. Plant injuries have been linked to the uptake of ozone through stomatal pores and oxidative damage of the internal leaf tissue. But a striking question remains: can surface reactions limit the stomatal uptake of ozone and therefore reduce its detrimental effects to plants?In this laboratory study we could show that semi-volatile organic compounds exuded by the glandular trichomes of different Nicotiana tabacum varieties are an efficient ozone sink at the plant surface. In our experiments, different diterpenoid compounds were responsible for a strongly varietydependent ozone uptake of plants under dark conditions, when stomatal pores are almost closed. Surface reactions of ozone were accompanied by a prompt release of oxygenated volatile organic compounds, which could be linked to the corresponding precursor compounds: ozonolysis of cis-abienol (C 20 H 34 O) -a diterpenoid with two exocyclic double bonds -caused emissions of formaldehyde (HCHO) and methyl vinyl ketone (C 4 H 6 O). The ring-structured cembratrien-diols (C 20 H 34 O 2 ) with three endocyclic double bonds need at least two ozonolysis steps to form volatile carbonyls such as 4-oxopentanal (C 5 H 8 O 2 ), which we could observe in the gas phase, too.Fluid dynamic calculations were used to model ozone distribution in the diffusion-limited leaf boundary layer under daylight conditions. In the case of an ozone-reactive leaf surface, ozone gradients in the vicinity of stomatal pores are changed in such a way that the ozone flux through the open stomata is strongly reduced.Our results show that unsaturated semi-volatile compounds at the plant surface should be considered as a source of oxygenated volatile organic compounds, impacting gas phase chemistry, as well as efficient ozone sink improving the ozone tolerance of plants.

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Application of novel image base estimation of invisible leaf injuries in relation to morphological and photosynthetic changes of Phaseolus vulgaris L. exposed to tropospheric ozone

Drapikowska

Drapikowski

Borowiak

et al. 2016

Atmospheric Pollution Research

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staining together with an image processing method for the removal of distortions and calculation of dead leaf areas was applied. Net photosynthetic rate (PN), stomatal conductance (gs) and intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) were determined to evaluate leaf physiological responses to ozone. It was found that both resistant and sensitive varieties of bean were damaged by ozone; however, the size of necrotic and partially destroyed leaf area in the sensitive genotype (S156) was bigger (1.18%, 2.18%) than in the resistant genotype (R123),i.e. 0.02% and 0.50%. Values of net photosynthetic rates were lower in the sensitive genotype in ambient air conditions, than in the resistant genotype in ambient air conditions (Table 1).We further found that there was a correlation between physiological and anatomical injuries; net photosynthetic rate (PN) was negatively correlated with percentage of necrotic area of both genotypes, while stomatal conductance (gs), intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) were positively correlated with percentage of necrotic tissue of both genotypes. Moreover, visible injures in both genotypes were positively correlated with percentage of anatomical injures. In 2 conclusion, the presented combinations of morphological, anatomical and physiological markers allowed differential diagnosis of ozone injury.

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Differences in morpho-anatomical structure of ozone-sensitive and ozone-resistant tobacco cultivars

Cited by 5 publications

References 16 publications

Elevated temperature and ozone modify structural characteristics of silver birch (Betula pendula) leaves

Elevated temperature and ozone modify structural characteristics of silver birch (Betula pendula) leaves

Plant surface reactions: an opportunistic ozone defence mechanism impacting atmospheric chemistry

Application of novel image base estimation of invisible leaf injuries in relation to morphological and photosynthetic changes of Phaseolus vulgaris L. exposed to tropospheric ozone

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