Differences in <i>Fusarium</i> Species in <i>brown midrib</i> Sorghum and in Air Populations in Production Fields

Funnell‐Harris, Deanna L.; Scully, Erin D.; Sattler, Scott E.; French, Ron; O’Neill, Patrick M.; Pedersen, Jeffrey F.

doi:10.1094/phyto-08-16-0316-r

Cited by 7 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 83 publications

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“…Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)]) and to a lesser extent corn earworms ([ Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)], as compared with pith from wild-type plants, though this was affected by growth conditions of the stalks [ 30 ]. The bmr mutants across multiple genetic backgrounds had reduced incidences of field-grown grain infections by Fusarium and Alternaria species [ 32 – 34 ]. Accumulation of phenolics in bmr6 and bmr12 may be involved with the tolerance or even enhanced resistance to these fungal pathogens and to herbivory.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogen and drought stress affect cell wall and phytohormone signaling to shape host responses in a sorghum COMT bmr12 mutant

et al. 2021

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Background As effects of global climate change intensify, the interaction of biotic and abiotic stresses increasingly threatens current agricultural practices. The secondary cell wall is a vanguard of resistance to these stresses. Fusarium thapsinum (Fusarium stalk rot) and Macrophomina phaseolina (charcoal rot) cause internal damage to the stalks of the drought tolerant C4 grass, sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench), resulting in reduced transpiration, reduced photosynthesis, and increased lodging, severely reducing yields. Drought can magnify these losses. Two null alleles in monolignol biosynthesis of sorghum (brown midrib 6-ref, bmr6-ref; cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase, CAD; and bmr12-ref; caffeic acid O-methyltransferase, COMT) were used to investigate the interaction of water limitation with F. thapsinum or M. phaseolina infection. Results The bmr12 plants inoculated with either of these pathogens had increased levels of salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) across both watering conditions and significantly reduced lesion sizes under water limitation compared to adequate watering, which suggested that drought may prime induction of pathogen resistance. RNA-Seq analysis revealed coexpressed genes associated with pathogen infection. The defense response included phytohormone signal transduction pathways, primary and secondary cell wall biosynthetic genes, and genes encoding components of the spliceosome and proteasome. Conclusion Alterations in the composition of the secondary cell wall affect immunity by influencing phenolic composition and phytohormone signaling, leading to the action of defense pathways. Some of these pathways appear to be activated or enhanced by drought. Secondary metabolite biosynthesis and modification in SA and JA signal transduction may be involved in priming a stronger defense response in water-limited bmr12 plants.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogen and drought stress affect cell wall and phytohormone signaling to shape host responses in a sorghum COMT bmr12 mutant

et al. 2021

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Association of dhurrin levels and post-flowering non-senescence with resistance to stalk rot pathogens in Sorghum bicolor

et al. 2022

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Amylose-Free (“waxy”) Wheat Colonization by Fusarium spp. and Response to Fusarium Head Blight

et al. 2019

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Hexaploid waxy wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) has null mutations in Wx genes and grain lacking amylose with increased digestibility and usability for specialty foods. The waxy cultivar Mattern is susceptible to Fusarium head blight (FHB) caused by Fusarium graminearum species complex, which produces the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON). In experiment 1, conducted during low natural FHB, grain from waxy breeding lines, Mattern, and wild-type breeding lines and cultivars were assessed for Fusarium infection and DON concentration. Nine Fusarium species and species complexes were detected from internally infected (disinfested) grain; F. graminearum infections were not different between waxy and wild-type. Surface- and internally infected grain (nondisinfested) had greater numbers of Fusarium isolates across waxy versus wild-type, but F. graminearum-like infections were similar; however, DON levels were higher in waxy. In experiment 2, conducted during a timely epidemic, disease severity, Fusarium-damaged kernels (FDK), and DON were assessed for waxy breeding lines, Mattern, and wild-type cultivars. Disease severity and FDK were not significantly different from wild-type, but DON was higher in waxy than wild-type lines. Across both experiments, waxy breeding lines, Plant Introductions 677876 and 677877, responded similarly to FHB as moderately resistant wild-type cultivar Overland, showing promise for breeding advanced waxy cultivars with reduced FHB susceptibility.

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Differences in Fusarium Species in brown midrib Sorghum and in Air Populations in Production Fields

Cited by 7 publications

References 83 publications

Pathogen and drought stress affect cell wall and phytohormone signaling to shape host responses in a sorghum COMT bmr12 mutant

Pathogen and drought stress affect cell wall and phytohormone signaling to shape host responses in a sorghum COMT bmr12 mutant

Association of dhurrin levels and post-flowering non-senescence with resistance to stalk rot pathogens in Sorghum bicolor

Amylose-Free (“waxy”) Wheat Colonization by Fusarium spp. and Response to Fusarium Head Blight

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