Differences in Gut Microbial Diversity are Driven by Drug Use and Drug Cessation by Either Compulsory Detention or Methadone Maintenance Treatment

Li, Qiaoyan; Chen, Siqi; Long, Danfeng; Liu, Diru; Jing, Zhengchao; Huang, Xiaodan

doi:10.3390/microorganisms8030411

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…To avoid any geographic bias, study participants from different ethnic groups were all recruited from the same city of Lanzhou (Gansu, China). Previous studies have reported that gut microbiota can be influenced by environment, host genetic background and ethnicity, drug intake, diet, and dietary behavior ( Lloyd-Price et al, 2016 ; Gupta et al, 2017 ; Liao et al, 2018 ; Li et al, 2020 ; Liu et al, 2020 ). Zeb et al (2020) reported that time-restricted feeding could regulate circadian rhythms associated with modulation of gut microbiota.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ramadan Fasting Leads to Shifts in Human Gut Microbiota Structured by Dietary Composition

et al. 2021

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The structure and diversity of human gut microbiota are directly related to diet, though less is known about the influences of ethnicity and diet-related behaviors, such as fasting (intermittent caloric restriction). In this study, we investigated whether fasting for Ramadan altered the microbiota in Chinese and Pakistani individuals. Using high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing and self-reported dietary intake surveys, we determined that both the microbiota and dietary composition were significantly different with little overlap between ethnic groups. Principal Coordinate Analyses (PCoA) comparison of samples collected from both groups before and after fasting showed partial separation of microbiota related to fasting in the Pakistani group, but not in the Chinese group. Measurement of alpha diversity showed that Ramadan fasting significantly altered the coverage and ACE indices among Chinese subjects, but otherwise incurred no changes among either group. Specifically, Prevotella and Faecalibacterium drove predominance of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes in the Pakistani group, while Bacteroides (phylum Bacteroidetes) were the most prevalent among Chinese participants both before and after fasting. We observed significant enrichment of some specific taxa and depletion of others in individuals of both populations, suggesting that fasting could affect beta diversity. Notably, Dorea, Klebsiella, and Faecalibacterium were more abundant in the Chinese group after fasting, while Sutterella, Parabacteroides, and Alistipes were significantly enriched after fasting in the Pakistani group. Evaluation of the combined groups showed that genera Coprococcus, Clostridium_XlV, and Lachnospiracea were all significantly decreased after fasting. Analysis of food intake and macronutrient energy sources showed that fat-derived energy was positively associated with Oscillibacter and Prevotella, but negatively associated with Bacteroides. In addition, the consumption of sweets was significantly positively correlated with the prevalence of Akkermansia. Our study indicated that diet was the most significant influence on microbiota, and correlated with ethnic groups, while fasting led to enrichment of specific bacterial taxa in some individuals. Given the dearth of understanding about the impacts of fasting on microbiota, our results provide valuable inroads for future study aimed at novel, personalized, behavior-based treatments targeting specific gut microbes for prevention or treatment of digestive disorders.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ramadan Fasting Leads to Shifts in Human Gut Microbiota Structured by Dietary Composition

et al. 2021

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“…Human studies investigating the effects of chronic opioid use on the gut microbiome are limited [36][37][38][39][40] with conflicting results, as some report an increase in microbial diversity, 39,40 while others showed no significant changes in α diversity, 37 yet changes in microbial composition are consistent across these studies. [36][37][38][39] Principal coordinate analysis of our results reveals distinct differences in the microbiome of methadone-treated individuals, particularly in the second dimension. These differences are further highlighted by a decrease in evenness and richness in the α diversity of this cohort.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In line with diversity analyses, we observed a significant increase in the Bifidobacterium genus (Actinobacteria phylum) in methadone-treated individuals, which is consistent with the existing opioid literature. [36][37][38][39] Bifidobacterium, a highly represented genera in the adult microbiota, [41][42][43][44][45] is known to produce the SCFA acetate. 45 Interestingly, we observed a decrease in the content of fecal acetate and a positive correlation between Actinobacteria and fecal acetate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic opioid use modulates human enteric microbiota and intestinal barrier integrity

et al. 2021

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Over the past three decades the United States has experienced a devastating opioid epidemic. One of the many debilitating side effects of chronic opioid use is opioid-induced bowel dysfunction. We investigated the impact of methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) on the gut microbiome, the gut bacterial metabolite profile, and intestinal barrier integrity. An imbalance in key bacterial communities required for production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), mucus degradation, and maintenance of barrier integrity was identified. Consistent with dysbiosis, levels of fecal SCFAs were reduced in MMT. We demonstrated that metabolites synthesized by Akkermansia muciniphila modulate intestinal barrier integrity in vitro by strengthening the pore pathway and regulating tight junction protein expression. This study provides essential information about the therapeutic potential of A. muciniphila and warrants development of new clinical strategies that aim to normalize the gut microbiome in individuals affected by chronic opioid use.

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“…A total of 177 school-age children were enrolled and 67 children (26 zinc-deficient participants and 41 control participants) were chosen to explore the gut microbial community using amplicon sequencing according to the selection criteria [ 35 ], which included: (1) no history of acute or chronic illness (cancer, malignant tumors, kidney disease, heart disease, diabetes, liver disease, etc. ); (2) no gastrointestinal symptoms (constipation, diarrhea, etc.)…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alteration in Gut Microbiota Associated with Zinc Deficiency in School-Age Children

et al. 2022

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Zinc deficiency could lead to a dynamic variation in gut microbial composition and function in animals. However, how zinc deficiency affects the gut microbiome in school-age children remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to profile the dynamic shifts in the gut microbiome of school-age children with zinc deficiency, and to determine whether such shifts are associated with dietary intake. A dietary survey, anthropometric measurements, and serum tests were performed on 177 school-age children, and 67 children were selected to explore the gut microbial community using amplicon sequencing. School-age children suffered from poor dietary diversity and insufficient food and nutrient intake, and 32% of them were zinc deficient. The inflammatory cytokines significantly increased in the zinc deficiency (ZD) group compared to that in the control (CK) group (p < 0.05). There was no difference in beta diversity, while the Shannon index was much higher in the ZD group (p < 0.05). At the genus level, Coprobacter, Acetivibrio, Paraprevotella, and Clostridium_XI were more abundant in the ZD group (p < 0.05). A functional predictive analysis showed that the metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450 was significantly depleted in the ZD group (p < 0.05). In conclusion, gut microbial diversity was affected by zinc deficiency with some specific bacteria highlighted in the ZD group, which may be used as biomarkers for further clinical diagnosis of zinc deficiency.

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Differences in Gut Microbial Diversity are Driven by Drug Use and Drug Cessation by Either Compulsory Detention or Methadone Maintenance Treatment

Cited by 12 publications

References 73 publications

Ramadan Fasting Leads to Shifts in Human Gut Microbiota Structured by Dietary Composition

Ramadan Fasting Leads to Shifts in Human Gut Microbiota Structured by Dietary Composition

Chronic opioid use modulates human enteric microbiota and intestinal barrier integrity

Alteration in Gut Microbiota Associated with Zinc Deficiency in School-Age Children

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