Differences in glycated hemoglobin levels and cholesterol levels in individuals with diabetes according to Helicobacter pylori infection

Abstract

This study examined differences in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose and cholesterol levels between H. pylori infected and uninfected persons with diabetes. Anonymized data of Maccabi Healthcare Services in Israel were analyzed, of 12,207 individuals (50.0% H. pylori positive) aged 25–95 years who underwent the urea breath test. The data included HbA1c, fasting plasma glucose and cholesterol levels. The inverse probability of treatment weighting approach was used to account for confounders. Differences between individuals who were H. pylori positive and negative, in HbA1c (> or ≤ 7.0%) and in cholesterol levels were assessed using weighted generalized estimating equations. For men, but not women, the likelihood of having HbA1c > 7.0% was increased in those infected than uninfected with H. pylori: prevalence ratio 1.11 (95% CI 1.00, 1.24), P = 0.04. For both sexes, total cholesterol (P = 0.004) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels (P = 0.006) were higher among those infected than uninfected with H. pylori. No significant differences were found in glucose and HDL levels according to H. pylori infection. The results were consistent in unweighted multivariable analyses. In conclusion, H. pylori infection might be related to worse glycemic control in men, and higher total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol levels in both sexes.

Diets Enriched in Sugar, Refined, or Whole Grain Differentially Influence Plasma Cholesterol Concentrations and Cholesterol Metabolism Pathways with Concurrent Changes in Bile Acid Profile and Gut Microbiota Composition in ApoE-/- Mice

“…Our finding was consistent with an animal study, which reports that dietary fiber decreases the relative abundance of Desulfobacterota and concurrently reduces circulating concentrations of TC and LDL-C. 52 Helicobacter is a genus under phylum Campylobacterota, and infection with Helicobacter has been reported to decrease the cholesterol efflux capacity and results in subsequent higher concentrations of TC and LDL-C and inflammation in human subjects. 53 This is in agreement with the current study that the relative abundance of Helicobacter was positively associated with plasma concentrations of TC, LDL-C, and non-HDL-C. The relative abundance of genus Colidextribacter and Lachnoclostridium was higher following the consumption of RG-than WG-enriched diet, which may be attributed, in part, to the reduction of these genera by flavonoids from whole grain oats.…”