Differences in Frequency, Level, and Duration of Cecal Carriage between Four Outbred Chicken Lines Infected Orally with Salmonella enteritidis

Abstract

Four chicken lines, L2, B13, PA12 (egg-type), and Y11 (meat-type), were tested for experimental carrier state of Salmonella enteritidis (SE) in two identical trials. After oral inoculation of SE at 1 wk of age with 5 x 10(4) SE colony-forming units (CFU), 10 chickens per line were necropsied weekly for 6 wk and then every 8 or 15 days until the 12th week postinoculation (PI). Liver, spleen, ovary, and ceca were examined for level of SE colonization. Numbers of positive livers and spleens and levels of the challenge strain in these organs differed little between the four chicken lines. Only three positive ovaries were detected. According to the chicken line, ceca exhibited generally significant (P < 0.05) differences in the number of positive organs during weeks 5-11 PI, in the SE CFU levels (P < 0.05) in the first 5 wk PI and during weeks 8 and 10 PI, and in the duration of colonization. L2 and B13 chickens generally carried SE in their ceca at higher levels, in more animals, and for a longer time than PA12 and Y11 chickens. Y11 chickens were the most resistant to SE cecal colonization.

Genetic resistance to mortality of day-old chicks and carrier-state of hens after inoculation withSalmonella enteritidis

“…The L2 line was the m ost susceptible, but som e within-line variation remained, as shown by this result. An important between-line variation in resistance to the carrier state was also shown by Duchet-Suchaux et al (1997) . They inoculated 1-week-old chicks orally with a streptomycin and nalidixic acid resistant substrain derived from the strain used in our experim ents.…”

“…W hen inoculating 1-week-old chicks orally, Duchet-Suchaux et al (1997 ) did not observe any differences in liver contamination in the poultry lines studied by Protais et al (1996) . Moreover, after an intravenous inoculation of 13-week-old animals, Girard-Santosuosso (1997 ) observed signi® cant differences between the S. enteritidis levels in livers at 3 days only after inoculation.…”

“…For each hatch, all the birds were incubated and hatched in the same hatchery, and inoculated intramuscularly at 1 day of age with 0.1 ml of an overnight culture of the PT 4 strain of S. enteritidis provided by Dr M. Popoff (Institut Pasteur, Paris, France). This strain was used for previous studies (Guillot et al, 1995;Protais et al, 1996;Duchet-Suchaux et al, 1997). The doses inoculated were 1.7 3 10 3 , 1.5 3 10 3 and 3.7 3 10 2 c.f.u.…”

Control of Salmonella in Poultry Through Vaccination and Prophylactic Antibody Treatment

“…The literature suggests that a stable anaerobic microflora, low house density, bacterial interference, breed resistance, antagonism, colonisation resistance, barrier effects, challenge strain virulence, competitive exclusion and passive immunity could all contribute to low challenge rates (Lloyd et al, 1977;Fuller, 1989;Mead and Barrow, 1990;Kottom et al, 1995;Duchet-Suchaux et al, 1997;Nisbet et al, 2000;Quinn et al, 2000;Chambers and Lu, 2002;Kinde et al, 2005).…”

Heritability of susceptibility to Salmonella enteritidis infection in fowls and test of the role of the chromosome carrying the NRAMP1 gene

“…Strain 1 009 of S. enteritidis PT4, which is resistant to nalidixic acid (Nal) and streptomycin (Sm), was used for the two trials as described in [1,2,6,9,11,14].…”