“…However, the findings of one study are discordant (Sepp et al, 2005) with none of the 5-year-old children with atopic dermatitis and only one child with bronchial asthma colonized with bifidobacteria. Besides, low levels of bifidobacterial colonization have been observed in infants suffering from atopic dermatitis (Kirjavainen et al, 2001;Watanabe et al, 2003;Mah et al, 2006) and in infants suffering from atopic dermatitis and wheezing; note that these results have been contradicted by studies comparing healthy subjects with wheezing infants without other symptoms (Murray et al, 2005) and with patients suffering from both atopic dermatitis and food allergy (Penders et al, 2006a).…”
“…However, the findings of one study are discordant (Sepp et al, 2005) with none of the 5-year-old children with atopic dermatitis and only one child with bronchial asthma colonized with bifidobacteria. Besides, low levels of bifidobacterial colonization have been observed in infants suffering from atopic dermatitis (Kirjavainen et al, 2001;Watanabe et al, 2003;Mah et al, 2006) and in infants suffering from atopic dermatitis and wheezing; note that these results have been contradicted by studies comparing healthy subjects with wheezing infants without other symptoms (Murray et al, 2005) and with patients suffering from both atopic dermatitis and food allergy (Penders et al, 2006a).…”
“…This hypothesis is supported by the observations of changes in the intestinal flora of atopic children, with a prevalence of clostridia [74,75]. In 2007, the first study was published postulating the role of probiotics in the recurrence of allergic respiratory symptoms in children.…”
Section: Allergic and Atopic Diseases In Childrenmentioning
a b s t r a c tThe intestinal microbiota is an ecosystem formed by a variety of ecological niches, made of several bacterial species and a very large amount of strains. The microbiota is in close contact with the intestinal mucosa or epithelial interface which is, after the respiratory area, the largest surface of the body, occupying approximately 250-400 m 2 . The physiological activities of the microbiota are manifold and are just being unraveled. Based on the observations of the multiple roles played by the microbiota in health and disease, the notion of modifying it with appropriate formulations, i.e. probiotics, is being tested in several settings.This review summarizes the current knowledge on probiotics and discusses both limitations and acquired evidence to support their use in preventive and therapeutic medicine.
“…The counts of Bifidobacterium in the feces were significantly lower in patients with AD than in healthy control subjects ( 25 ). Although it is unclear how the intestinal microflora influences immunomodulatory function, undigested foodstuffs may have an indirect effect on skin inflammation and systemic immune function by activating the intestinal immune system through alteration of the intestinal microflora ( 26 ).…”
SummaryThe effect of smoke-dried bonito undigested fraction remaining after microbial protease treatment (SDBR) on a spontaneously occurring mouse model of atopic dermatitis was studied in male 5-wk-old, NC/Nga mice. Smoke-dried bonito, Katsuobushi, is a traditional Japanese food. SDBR contains 2 major components: bonito oil and protease-undigested proteins. Mice were fed a casein diet containing corn oil (C diet) or a diet containing SDBR (SDBR diet) for 18 wk. In comparison with the C diet, the SDBR diet alleviated the increase in skin severity score and plasma IgE concentration in a time-dependent manner, and lowered leucotriene B 4 (LTB 4 )-releasing ability upon calcium ionophore A23187 stimulation. The SDBR diet did not affect scratching time. These results demonstrate that SDBR diet alleviates atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions in NC/Nga mice.
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