Differences in duration discrimination of filled and empty auditory intervals as a function of base duration

Rammsayer, Thomas

doi:10.3758/app.72.6.1591

Cited by 37 publications

(41 citation statements)

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“…Note that both the error magnitude and the difference between top and bottom arithmetic scorers decreased with tone duration. Likely, the larger percent errors at smaller physical durations are due to a constant, duration-independent sensory error [41].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Time Estimation Predicts Mathematical Intelligence

2011

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BackgroundPerforming mental subtractions affects time (duration) estimates, and making time estimates disrupts mental subtractions. This interaction has been attributed to the concurrent involvement of time estimation and arithmetic with general intelligence and working memory. Given the extant evidence of a relationship between time and number, here we test the stronger hypothesis that time estimation correlates specifically with mathematical intelligence, and not with general intelligence or working-memory capacity.Methodology/Principal FindingsParticipants performed a (prospective) time estimation experiment, completed several subtests of the WAIS intelligence test, and self-rated their mathematical skill. For five different durations, we found that time estimation correlated with both arithmetic ability and self-rated mathematical skill. Controlling for non-mathematical intelligence (including working memory capacity) did not change the results. Conversely, correlations between time estimation and non-mathematical intelligence either were nonsignificant, or disappeared after controlling for mathematical intelligence.Conclusions/SignificanceWe conclude that time estimation specifically predicts mathematical intelligence. On the basis of the relevant literature, we furthermore conclude that the relationship between time estimation and mathematical intelligence is likely due to a common reliance on spatial ability.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Time Estimation Predicts Mathematical Intelligence

2011

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“…Experimental evidence suggests that performance in duration discrimination is affected by stimulus type. It was found that filled auditory intervals (continuous tones) were discriminated more accurately than empty intervals (with onset and offset marked by clicks) at a 50-ms base duration (Rammsayer, 2010;Rammsayer, & Lima, 1991). No such performance differences could be shown for longer intervals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Temporal sensitivity, as reflected by performance on duration discrimination, appears to be based on, at least partially, different mechanisms than perceived duration (Grondin, & Rammsayer, 2003;Rammsayer, 2010). In contrast to the large number of studies on modality-specific effects on perceived duration, systematic investigations of the effects of sensory modality on performance on duration discrimination are extremely scant.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Auditory and visual temporal sensitivity: evidence for a hierarchical structure of modality-specific and modality-independent levels of temporal information processing

Stauffer

Haldemann

Troche

et al. 2011

Psychological Research

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The present study investigated modality-specific differences in processing of temporal information in the subsecond range. For this purpose, participants performed auditory and visual versions of a rhythm perception and three different duration discrimination tasks to allow for a direct, systematic comparison across both sensory modalities. Our findings clearly indicate higher temporal sensitivity in the auditory than in the visual domain irrespective of type of timing task. To further evaluate whether there is evidence for a common modality-independent timing mechanism or for multiple modality-specific mechanisms, we used structural equation modeling to test three different theoretical models. Neither a single modality-independent timing mechanism, nor two independent modality-specific timing mechanisms fitted the empirical data. Rather, the data are well described by a hierarchical model with modality-specific visual and auditory temporal processing at a first level and a modality-independent processing system at a second level of the hierarchy.

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“…In fact, some psychophysical evidence suggests it may be (e.g. Horr & Di Luca, 2015;Rammsayer, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weighted integration suggests that visual and tactile signals provide independent estimates about duration.

Ball

Arnold

Yarrow

2017

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Perfor

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This is the accepted version of the paper.This version of the publication may differ from the final published version. Copyright and reuse: City Research Online aims to make research outputs of City, University of London available to a wider audience. Copyright and Moral Rights remain with the author(s) and/or copyright holders. URLs from City Research Online may be freely distributed and linked to. City Research Online: http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/ publications@city.ac.uk Permanent repository link: City Research OnlineThe APA has copyright on this article. When published, it can be found at: improvements can be predicted quantitatively, assuming estimates are combined by summation, a process described as optimal when summation is weighted in accordance with the variance associated with each of the initially independent estimates. We assessed this possibility for visual and tactile information regarding temporal intervals. In Experiment 1, 12 musicians and 12 nonmusicians judged durations of 300 and 600 ms, compared to test values spanning these standards.Bimodal precision increased relative to unimodal conditions, but not by the extent predicted by optimally weighted summation. In Experiment 2, six musicians and six other participants each judged six standards, ranging from 100 ms to 600 ms, with conflicting cues providing a measure of the weight assigned to each sensory modality. A weighted integration model best fitted these data, with musicians more likely to select near-optimal weights than non-musicians. Overall, data were consistent with the existence of separate visual and tactile clock components at either the counter/integrator or memory stages. Independent estimates are passed to a decisional process, but not always combined in a statistically optimal fashion. Statement of public significanceWe are able to judge the duration of events as they unfold (e.g. the time for which somebody holds our gaze). Sometimes, this information is conveyed to several of our senses at once (e.g. both seeing and feeling the duration of a caress). Theorists argue about whether time intervals are calculated separately for each sense, or rely on a common centralised timer. This study suggests that when people experience the duration of events via both vision and touch, they gain a multisensory benefit, performing better than when they receive just visual or just tactile stimulation.This kind of benefit can only accrue if time is first estimated independently within each sense, suggesting that separate timers exist.Humans and other animals express their ability to time intervals through a wide variety of behaviours. In the lab, this ability is often assessed by requiring experimental participants to make judgments about the duration of events. However, our knowledge regarding the neurocognitive bases of these judgments remains hazy. One debate concerns the centralised versus distributed nature of the hypothetical internal clock or clocks (Ivry & Schlerf, 2008;Ivry & Spencer, 2004 Revina, Bruno, & Johnston, 2012;and Morgan...

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Differences in duration discrimination of filled and empty auditory intervals as a function of base duration

Cited by 37 publications

References 50 publications

Time Estimation Predicts Mathematical Intelligence

Time Estimation Predicts Mathematical Intelligence

Auditory and visual temporal sensitivity: evidence for a hierarchical structure of modality-specific and modality-independent levels of temporal information processing

Weighted integration suggests that visual and tactile signals provide independent estimates about duration.

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