Differences in Coping Strategies Between Young and Older Adults: The Role of Executive Functions

Nieto, Marta; Romero, Dulce; Ros, Laura; Zabala, Carmen; Martínez, Manuela; Ricarte, Jorge Javier; Serrano, Juan Pedro; Postigo, José Miguel Latorre

doi:10.1177/0091415018822040

Cited by 40 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…For example, people who tend toward less proactive methods to manage their worry may also tend toward less proactive methods in other domains: procrastination rather than task completion, passivity in decision making, and less inclination toward planning. This result is consistent with findings that older adults with greater executive functioning, specifically inhibition, use fewer avoidant coping strategies which also influences depressive symptoms (Nieto et al, 2020). Another potential implication of these findings is that when responding to worry with avoidance, anxious distress is maintained and impacts executive functioning processes.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Relationships Among Executive Dysfunction, Constructive Worrying, and Worry Responses in Older Adults

Granier

Segal

Coolidge

2020

Int J Aging Hum Dev

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Worry is a ubiquitous human experience and core symptom of anxiety. The present study examined the extent to which specific aspects of worry are related to perceived executive dysfunction in older adults. A total of 100 older adult participants ( M age = 68.82 years; range = 65–79 years) completed the Worry Behaviors Inventory, the Coolidge Axis II Inventory Executive Dysfunctions Scale, and the Constructive and Unconstructive Worry Questionnaire. Multiple regression analyses found that worry constructiveness and response behaviors were predictive of executive dysfunction. Specifically, greater avoidance behaviors and unconstructive worry were uniquely predictive of greater executive dysfunctions. Thus, findings indicate that worry constructiveness and approaches to worry management are significantly related to cognitive functioning in older adults. These findings imply a need to assess both worry and executive dysfunction to more accurately determine causal factors regarding anxiety and cognitive decline in older adults.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Relationships Among Executive Dysfunction, Constructive Worrying, and Worry Responses in Older Adults

Granier

Segal

Coolidge

2020

Int J Aging Hum Dev

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“…1] Older adults are confronted by different stressors than younger individuals. With increasing age, adults will more frequently be confronted with health problems, disability and grief (Chen, Peng, Xu, & O'Brien, 2018;Nieto et al, 2020). The type of stressor(s) may also model or determine the choice of coping strategies; depending on whether the problem can be modified, or if it is more suitable to deal with the emotional consequences.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coping strategies of older adults with a recent hip fracture within inpatient geriatric rehabilitation

Scheffers-Barnhoorn

Sharma-Virk

Balen

et al. 2021

Aging & Mental Health

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Objectives: Coping strategies may play an important role as facilitator or barrier for functional recovery after hip fracture. This study explored 1] active and passive coping strategies in hip fracture patients within inpatient geriatric rehabilitation (GR) 2] the association of these coping strategies with depression, anxiety, pain and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) Method: Secondary data analysis (FIT-HIP trial). Participants were patients with hip fracture, aged 65þ years, admitted to post-acute GR units. Coping was assessed using the 'Active Tackling' and 'Passive Reacting' subscale of Utrecht Coping List (UCL). Depression, anxiety, pain and HRQoL was assessed using GDS-8, HADS-A, NPRS and EQ5D-VAS. Based on UCL norm tables-for both subscales-we dichotomized the group into (extremely) high use of this coping strategy i.e. 'predominantly active coping' (PAC), and 'predominantly passive coping' (PPC); versus their corresponding 'residual groups', i.e. the remaining participants. Results: 72 participants were included. Participants mostly used active coping (PAC: 33.3%), however those engaging in passive coping (23.6%) had significantly more depression and anxiety symptoms (GDS-8 ! 3: 31.1% respectively 9.1%, p ¼ 0.040; HADS-A ! 7: 58.8% vs 10.9%; p ¼ 0.00). Conclusion: Active tackling and passive reacting coping strategies are used by up to one-third of patients with recent hip fracture. Passive coping was associated with more symptoms of depression and anxiety, which in turn may influence rehabilitation negatively. Screening of (passive) coping strategies could contribute to prompt identification of hip fracture patients at risk for negative health outcomes.

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“…From the perspective of the classification of coping strategies, these results were as expected, given that logical analysis and positive reappraisal are considered to be approach styles, understood as cognitive or behavioral efforts focused on handling a stressor, and thus potentially opposed to avoidance strategies (Moos, 1993). Moreover, although cognitive avoidance strategies have been associated with psychopathology (e.g., Barajas et al, 2017: Hayes, 2016Schäfer et al, 2017;Struijs et al, 2018), it should be taken into account that their use depends, among other elements, on the types of the stressors and individual and generational differences (e.g., Chen, Peng, Xu, & O´Brain, 2018;Nieto et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive Avoidance Questionnaire: Factor structure and psychometric properties.

et al. 2020

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La evitación cognitiva se refiere a las estrategias y esfuerzos dirigidos a prevenir experiencias negativas y eventos aversivos que provocan ansiedad. El presente estudio analizó la estructura factorial y las propiedades psicométricas de la versión española del Cuestionario de evitación cognitiva (CAQ; Sexton & Dugas, 2008), un instrumento que evalúa cinco estrategias de evitación cognitiva relacionadas con la preocupación. La traducción al español se administró a una muestra no clínica de 614 participantes (18-82 años). La escala total y las subescalas mostraron una consistencia interna de buena a excelente. Utilizando el análisis factorial confirmatorio, un modelo de cinco factores mostró un buen ajuste entre la estructura teórica y los datos empíricos. Se obtuvo evidencia de validez convergente y discriminante a través del análisis de las correlaciones del cuestionario con medidas de preocupación, supresión del pensamiento, rumiación y estilos de afrontamiento. Los resultados arrojaron datos preliminares satisfactorios sobre la adaptación española del CAQ, que podría proporcionar mayores avances en la práctica clínica y la investigación sobre procesos cognitivos y trastornos de ansiedad. Cognitive avoidance refers to strategies and efforts toward prevention of aversive experiences and events that provoke anxiety. The present study analyzed the factor structure and psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Cognitive Avoidance Questionnaire (CAQ; Sexton & Dugas, 2008), an instrument that assesses five worry-related cognitive avoidance strategies. The Spanish translation was administered to a non-clinical sample of 614 participants (18-82 years). The total scale and subscales showed good to excellent internal consistency. Using confirmatory factor analysis, a five-factor model showed a good fit between the theoretical structure and the empirical data. Evidence of convergent and discriminant validity was obtained through analysis of the correlations of the questionnaire with measures of worry, thought suppression, rumination and coping styles. The results yielded satisfactory preliminary data on the Spanish adaptation of the CAQ, which could provide for further advances in clinical practice and research on cognitive processes and anxiety disorders.

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Differences in Coping Strategies Between Young and Older Adults: The Role of Executive Functions

Cited by 40 publications

References 90 publications

Relationships Among Executive Dysfunction, Constructive Worrying, and Worry Responses in Older Adults

Relationships Among Executive Dysfunction, Constructive Worrying, and Worry Responses in Older Adults

Coping strategies of older adults with a recent hip fracture within inpatient geriatric rehabilitation

Cognitive Avoidance Questionnaire: Factor structure and psychometric properties.

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