Differences in Cell Death and BMP-2 Expression in Core Biopsy Specimens of Malignant Bone Tumors Given Hydrogen Peroxide Compared to Liquid Nitrogen

Abstract

Introduction: Malignant bone tumors have a global prevalence of 1% of the overall malignancy case, with a very low 5-year survival rate and high local recurrence. The limb-salvage surgery with bone recycling is widely developed in the management of malignant bone tumors. Hydrogen peroxide and liquid nitrogen are bone recycling mediator agents destroying the malignant tumor cells while preserving healthy bones as much as possible. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of hydrogen peroxide and liquid nitrogen with the number of tumor cell deaths using the Huvos score and BMP-2 expression in malignant bone tumors. Materials and Method: In vitro experimental research was performed on 30 core needle biopsy samples of bone malignant tumors divided into 2 groups of hydrogen peroxide and liquid nitrogen. The parameters measured are Huvos score and BMP-2 level. Results: Based on this study, the characteristics of malignant bone tumors were dominated by primary tumors (83.9%), in female patients (53.3%) with an average age of 30 years. Liquid nitrogen gave better results than hydrogen peroxide, marked by a lower Huvos score (average 12.13 vs. 18.87, p=0.033) and a higher BMP-2 (average 39.53 ± 26.59 vs. 63.87 ± 27.61, p=0.020). Conclusion: Liquid nitrogen is an effective bone recycling agent for the management of malignant bone tumors.