Differences in carbon and nitrogen retention and bacterial diversity in sandy soil in response to application methods of charred organic materials

Oraegbunam, Chidozie J.; Obalum, Sunday E.; Madegwa, Yvonne Musavi; Uchida, Yoshitaka

doi:10.1016/j.apsoil.2021.104284

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 44 publications

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“…Also, our data point to 8 WOI as the best incubation length for realizing the effects of lower RHB rates on total N content of the soil. This is attributed to decreases nitrate-N leaching with an increase in RHB rate, more so as it was mixed (incorporated) with and not applied on the surface of this rather sandy soil (Oraegbunam et al, 2022). 2018) that RHB increased total N. The control was similar to 10 g pot −1 for 12 WOI, suggesting that SOC mineralisation in unamended soils increases with incubation length.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Rice-husk biochar effects on organic carbon, aggregate stability and nitrogen-fertility of coarse-textured Ultisols evaluated using Celosia argentea growth

Ebido

Edeh

Unagwu

et al. 2021

Sains Tanah J. Soil Sci. Agroclimatology

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There are insufficient data supporting the enormous potential of biochar in highly weathered tropical soils. This glasshouse study assessed rice-husk biochar (RHB) effects on soil organic carbon, aggregate stability and nitrogen fertility of sandy-loam Ultisols which were evaluated using spinach (Celosia argentea) growth. Five RHB rates 0, 5, 10, 20, and 40 g per two-kg-soil (0, 7.5, 15, 30 and 60 t ha−1, respectively) were studied under 0, 4, 8, and 12 weeks of incubation (WOI). Batched potting of treatments enabled sowing on one date. Treatment effects on soil quality were assessed at sowing and spinach growth six weeks later. Soil organic carbon generally increased with RHB rate, with the greatest increments (37%) in maximum rate relative to no-biochar control for 8 WOI. Aggregate stability also generally increased with RHB rate, the range being 7.21%-17.21% for 8 WOI, beyond which it decreased in 10 and 20 but not 40 g pot–1. Total nitrogen was always highest in maximum rate, increasing with rate only for 8 WOI. Treatment affected plant height more clearly than leaf count. Optimum rates were 5 or 10 g pot–1 for 8 and 4 WOI, respectively (plant height) and 10 g pot–1 for 8 WOI (leaf count). Soil organic carbon influenced soil aggregate stability (R2 = 0.505) which in turn was quadratically related to plant height (R2 = 0.517), indicating stability threshold for spinach. Adding RHB at 40 g pot–1 (≈ 60 t ha−1) to coarse-textured tropical soils is suggested to sustain its soil aggregating effect beyond the growth phase of short-cycle leafy vegetables which require a lower rate (10 g pot–1) 8 weeks before sowing. The observed role of soil aggregate stability in spinach growth rather than the overall effects of RHB should guide further search for edapho-agronomic optimum rate of RHB.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Rice-husk biochar effects on organic carbon, aggregate stability and nitrogen-fertility of coarse-textured Ultisols evaluated using Celosia argentea growth

Ebido

Edeh

Unagwu

et al. 2021

Sains Tanah J. Soil Sci. Agroclimatology

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Influence of Rice Husk Biochar and Its Application Methods on Silicon Dynamics and Rice Yield in Sandy-Loam Soil

Olanrewaju,

Sato,

Yamamoto

et al. 2024

Applied and Environmental Soil Science

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Rice husk biochar (RHB) is a potential source of available silicon in paddy soil and an ecologically responsive soil amendment for sustainable rice production. The study tested the influence of RHB application methods on rice growth, rice yield, and silicon dynamics in sandy loam soil in a pot experiment. RHB was applied at 5 tons ha−1 as a localized-spot-application (LSA) or top-mixed-application (TMA) with the soil at the upper 7 cm or whole-mixed-application (WMA) within 20 cm of the soil column and at 10 tons ha−1 in the TMA and WMA methods and was compared with a control (CTRL) without biochar. Seedlings of the Koshihikari rice variety were transplanted in each pot, and all treatments were replicated thrice. Compared to the CTRL, the LSA and TMA methods did not influence the mean porewater silicon concentration at the vegetative and reproductive stages. However, the WMA method applied at 5 tons ha−1 increased (p<0.05) the mean porewater silicon concentration by 12.3 and 39.5% at the vegetative and reproductive stages, respectively, while at 10 tons ha−1, the respective increase was by 26.1 and 32.7%. All biochar application methods at the 5 tons ha−1 rate increased the rice grain yield (p<0.05) by 21.2% (LSA), 11.3% (TMA), and 47.2% (WMA) compared to the CTRL. Conversely, at 10 tons ha−1, the yield was reduced by 18% in the TMA method, attributable to the immobilization of nitrogen and adsorption of nutrients to biochar surfaces. Our results proved that the choice of biochar application method and rate of application significantly influenced the dissolution of silicon in the porewater, leading to a higher silicon uptake and consequently a higher grain yield. This study provides valuable insights for agricultural practices aiming to enhance silicon dynamics in paddy soil and sustainable rice yield using RHB.

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Effects of local farming practices on soil organic carbon content, enzymatic activities, and microbial community structure in semi-arid soils of Morocco

Jindo,

El Aroussi,

de Vente

et al. 2024

Front. Soil Sci.

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Soil organic carbon (SOC) is essential in semi-arid agricultural land for enhancing soil health, particularly through the promotion of microbial activities. This study assessed the impact of different agronomic practices on soil properties, microbial communities, and SOC levels in semi-arid Moroccan wheat fields. Three treatments were investigated: eucalyptus (Eucalyptus spp.) companion planting (EU), and fallowing with harvest residue mulching (FA), with the latter involving both short (3 months; FAS) and long (15 months; FAL) fallow periods. The study revealed significant variation in soil characteristics and microbial communities between these agronomic management regimes. Notably, soils managed with FAL contained elevated SOC levels (1.2%) compared to other treatments (FAS and EU) which show lower SOC range (0.62–0.86%). Both labile C (water-soluble carbon) and recalcitrant C (humic substances) were increased by FAL. Additionally, soil microbial biomass and dehydrogenase activity were observed to be high in FAL-managed soils, along with increased levels of extracellular enzymes related to nutrient cycling (β-glucosidase, alkaline phosphatase, and urease). Phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis indicated positive correlation between carbon content in soils and microbial populations. In contrast, soils managed with EU had significantly lower SOC levels, possibly due to differences in carbon fractionation. FAL increased soil enzymatic activities and enriched the microbial community when compared to EU management. In conclusion, this study indicated the importance of fallowing and fallowing period for conservation of SOC, and potential to mitigate negative effects of biophysical constraints on agricultural productivity in semi-arid soils of Northwest Africa.

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Differences in carbon and nitrogen retention and bacterial diversity in sandy soil in response to application methods of charred organic materials

Cited by 3 publications

References 44 publications

Rice-husk biochar effects on organic carbon, aggregate stability and nitrogen-fertility of coarse-textured Ultisols evaluated using Celosia argentea growth

Rice-husk biochar effects on organic carbon, aggregate stability and nitrogen-fertility of coarse-textured Ultisols evaluated using Celosia argentea growth

Influence of Rice Husk Biochar and Its Application Methods on Silicon Dynamics and Rice Yield in Sandy-Loam Soil

Effects of local farming practices on soil organic carbon content, enzymatic activities, and microbial community structure in semi-arid soils of Morocco

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