Differences in bill form of the oystercatcher haematopus ostralegus; a dynamic adaptation to specific foraging techniques

Swennen, C.; Bruijn, L.L.M. de; Duiven, P.; Leopold, M.F.; Marteijn, E.C.L.

doi:10.1016/0077-7579(83)90006-6

Cited by 60 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…They feed more often on open tidal flats than males which occur more often on musselbeds (Swennen et al 1983, Hulscher 1985. These differences in feeding habits, and consequently food types, could also explain the differences in the cadmium content of the sexes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Cadmium levels in oystercatcher Haematopus ostralegus from the German Wadden Sea

Stock¹,

Herber²,

Geron³

1989

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Cadmium levels in oystercatcher Haematopus ostralegus from the German Wadden Sea

Stock¹,

Herber²,

Geron³

1989

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…Despite the low density of Ensis, and its great burrowing capacity, some individual oystercatchers have already successfully specialized in catching them, which illustrates again the flexibility of the oystercatcher in changing its feeding habits (cf. Swennen et al, 1983).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The low density and great depth explained the absence of Ensis in the core samples. The burrowing depth of Ensis is much deeper than the length of any oystercatcher's bill, which in the Wadden Sea population is less than 10 cm (Glutz von Blotzheim et al, 1975;Swennen et al, 1983).…”

Section: Observations On Predators Of Ensis Directusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Notes on growth and behaviour of the American razor clamEnsis directus in the Wadden Sea and the predation on it by birds

Swennen

Leopold

Stöck

1985

Helgolander Meeresunters

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Ensis directus (Conrad), a bivalve found in Europe only in the past few years, has filled an empty niche and spread rapidly over the intertidal fiats in the Wadden Sea. The growth of the animals was investigated using a few samples taken near Langeness in February 1984. The age of the animals could be determined by reading the clearly visible year marks on the shells. Notwithstanding the low density of E. directus, some oystercatchers appear to have already specialized in feeding on this new food source.

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“…Over the course of an organism's lifetime, mechanical wear on these resources must be minimized, while the net energy obtained from food, or in some cases invested in reproduction, is maximized. These physiological resources vary across organisms, including oystercatcher beaks [182], wasp ovipositors [79], the mandibles of plant-eating insects [158], and the molar enamel of mammals [177,114,167,143], including modern and extinct hominins [112,170,191].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dedication. Acknowledgments

2011

The Acquisition of German

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xvii Dedication xixAcknowledgments xx . See panel C. for a scenario where one prey is preferred over another. C. A tri-trophic system, where a top-predator consumes a meso-predator, which in turn consumes two prey. The sizes of the nodes denote relative abundance, and the thickness of the arrows denote the magnitude of the biomass flow. The top-predator in the leftmost network is relatively abundant, depressing the meso-predator population, thereby limiting the meso-predator's e↵ect on the two prey populations. The two rightmost networks (boxed) have reduced top-predator populations. In both cases, the meso-predator has greater abundance due to decreased predation pressure. However, in one scenario, both prey are preferred equally, resulting in apparent competition dynamics. In the second scenario, one prey is preferred over another, resulting in an asymmetric cascade. Such preferences could result from specific anatomical constraints of the meso-predator, a scenario explored in Chapter 4. C 1 and C 2 , and 4 prey: r 1 r 4 ) is represented by both pairwise interaction distributions for each link, and a network-level interaction distribution for the system. Link thickness represents the median link-strength, shown with the vertical bar in each pairwise interaction distribution. B-C. Both model food-webs X and Y have link-strengths drawn from the NLID. In model food-web X, the weights are distributed similar to the median weights of the empirical web (i.e. equivalent structure), but they are distributed di↵erently among nodes (i.e. alternative interactions). In model Y , the weight structure is di↵erent than that of the empirical web (i.e. alternative structure), and necessarily, the distribution of weights among nodes di↵ers as well (i.e. alternative interactions). Dotted nodes indicate those with link-strengths that di↵er from the median link-strengths of the empirical food-web. D-F. Given a single niche axis based on a continuous resource trait (e.g. body size) where prey are ranked from r 1 to r 4 , distributions of resource use are shown for the two consumers. Representations of dietary overlap illustrate higher similarity in diet between predators of the empirical system and model X, whereas the consumers in model Y have little dietary overlap, despite sharing the same NLID. 5 A-C. Sensitivity analyses of the Saskatchewan, Amboseli, and Lake Naivasha food-web ensembles, respectively. Similarity values for each cuto↵ (s i ) for Model 2 are on the y-axis, and the x-axis ranges from a lower standard deviation (SD) than the empirical SD to a higher SD (such that the empirical SD is central to the range; stippled vertical line). The colored data points represent the median similarity indices for each cuto↵ value (legend), while the top and bottom whiskers denote the 25 th and 75 th percentiles, respectively. The underlined values mark the standard deviation corresponding to the highest average similarity across cuto↵ values. For all systems, the highest average similarity is close to or exactly matches ...

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Differences in bill form of the oystercatcher haematopus ostralegus; a dynamic adaptation to specific foraging techniques

Cited by 60 publications

References 12 publications

Cadmium levels in oystercatcher Haematopus ostralegus from the German Wadden Sea

Cadmium levels in oystercatcher Haematopus ostralegus from the German Wadden Sea

Notes on growth and behaviour of the American razor clamEnsis directus in the Wadden Sea and the predation on it by birds

Dedication. Acknowledgments

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