Differences in Behavior between Normal and Atopic Keratinocytes in Culture: Pilot Studies

Marsella, Rosanna; Ahrens, Kim; Wilkes, Rachel

doi:10.3390/vetsci9070329

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Along with filaggrins and NMFs, other structural proteins that have been studied in atopic dogs and humans include the tight junction proteins claudin-1 and occludin. [22][23][24][25] Both proteins have been shown to be significantly decreased in the skin of atopic dogs when compared to healthy canine skin, further highlighting the impaired skin barrier in dogs with AD. Recently, 22 using an experimental model of acute canine AD, authors have shown a decrease in protein expression and distribution of corneodesmosin, another structural protein present in the SC, in atopic skin when compared to healthy skin.…”

Section: Updates On Stratum Corneum Structural Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Along with filaggrins and NMFs, other structural proteins that have been studied in atopic dogs and humans include the tight junction proteins claudin‐1 and occludin 22–25 . Both proteins have been shown to be significantly decreased in the skin of atopic dogs when compared to healthy canine skin, further highlighting the impaired skin barrier in dogs with AD.…”

Section: Updates On Stratum Corneum Structural Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Update on the skin barrier, cutaneous microbiome and host defence peptides in canine atopic dermatitis

Santoro,

Saridomichelakis,

Eisenschenk

et al. 2023

Veterinary Dermatology

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BackgroundCanine atopic dermatitis (AD) is a complex inflammatory skin disease associated with cutaneous microbiome, immunological and skin barrier alterations. This review summarises the current evidence on skin barrier defects and on cutaneous microbiome dysfunction in canine AD.ObjectiveTo this aim, online citation databases, abstracts and proceedings from international meetings on skin barrier and cutaneous microbiome published between 2015 and 2023 were reviewed.ResultsSince the last update on the pathogenesis of canine AD, published by the International Committee on Allergic Diseases of Animals in 2015, 49 articles have been published on skin barrier function, cutaneous/aural innate immunity and the cutaneous/aural microbiome in atopic dogs. Skin barrier dysfunction and cutaneous microbial dysbiosis are essential players in the pathogenesis of canine AD. It is still unclear if such alterations are primary or secondary to cutaneous inflammation, although some evidence supports their primary involvement in the pathogenesis of canine AD.Conclusion and Clinical RelevanceAlthough many studies have been published since 2015, the understanding of the cutaneous host–microbe interaction is still unclear, as is the role that cutaneous dysbiosis plays in the development and/or worsening of canine AD. More studies are needed aiming to design new therapeutic approaches to restore the skin barrier, to increase and optimise the cutaneous natural defences, and to rebalance the cutaneous microbiome.

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Section: Updates On Stratum Corneum Structural Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Updates On Stratum Corneum Structural Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Update on the skin barrier, cutaneous microbiome and host defence peptides in canine atopic dermatitis

Santoro,

Saridomichelakis,

Eisenschenk

et al. 2023

Veterinary Dermatology

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“…No study so far has concurrently investigated the antibodies produced against filaggrin and filaggrin 2 in the same set of skin biopsies. One recently published study from our group has reported on the immunofluorescent staining of both filaggrin and filaggrin 2 on primary cell cultures of keratinocytes [19]. This study showed some overlapping features but also some differences in the staining between filaggrin and filaggrin 2.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 55%

“…The 15 kD band was also present in baseline biopsy samples, so it was an atopic feature and not the result of allergen exposure. Interestingly, when our group worked on the Western blots of filaggrin from cell cultures of atopic keratinocytes [19], this band was not detected. Thus, it is theorized that the additional degradation of filaggrin that occurs in skin biopsies of atopic dogs, and not in atopic keratinocytes grown in culture, may be the result of the cytokine milieu present in atopic skin biopsies and not an intrinsic feature of atopic keratinocytes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Studies Using Antibodies against Filaggrin and Filaggrin 2 in Canine Normal and Atopic Skin Biopsies

Marsella,

Ahrens,

Wilkes

2024

Animals

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Filaggrin is important for the skin barrier and atopic dermatitis. Another filaggrin-like protein, filaggrin 2, has been described. We evaluated antibodies against both filaggrins in normal and atopic skin biopsies from dogs before and after allergen challenges (D0, D1, D3 and D10). Filaggrins expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. We used PCR to investigate changes in filaggrin gene expression. Effects of group (p = 0.0134) and time (p = 0.0422) were shown for the intensity of filaggrin staining. Only an effect of group was found for filaggrin 2 (p = 0.0129). Atopic samples had higher intensity of staining than normal dogs [filaggrin on D3 (p = 0.0155) and filaggrin 2 on D3 (p = 0.0038) and D10 (p < 0.0001)]. Atopic samples showed increased epidermal thickness after allergen exposure (D3 vs. D0, p = 0.005), while normal dogs did not. In atopic samples, significant increased gene expression was found for filaggrin overtime but not for filaggrin 2. Western blot showed an increase in filaggrin 2 on D3. A small size band (15 kD) containing a filaggrin sequence was found in Western blots of atopic samples only. We conclude that atopic skin reacts to allergen exposure by proliferating and increasing filaggrin production but that it also has more extensive filaggrin degradation compared to normal skin.

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“…Epidermal barrier dysfunction plays a key role in the pathogenesis of CAD, as it allows microbial adherence, penetration of allergenic proteins, and may trigger inflammatory and allergic responses. That is why one of the targets of topical therapy in CAD patients is to restore epidermal barrier integrity and function [ 1 , 3 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ]. Currently, the management of the atopic canine patient includes restoration of the skin barrier function by, for instance, applying sphingolipids and fatty acid emulsions [ 2 , 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sphingomyelin-Rich Lipid Extract Collar for Canine Atopic Dermatitis

Segarra,

Sanmiguel,

Zuriaga

et al. 2023

Veterinary Sciences

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The management of canine atopic dermatitis (CAD) is complex, and it needs to be multimodal, combining topical and systemic therapies. Given that the currently available options are not always totally effective and might have some associated adverse effects, novel alternatives are needed. For this reason, a new collar for CAD was developed with 2.5% of a sphingomyelin-rich lipid extract (LE) with proven benefits for skin health. The release of the active ingredient when incorporated into the collar was tested in vitro, showing an adequate kinetic profile. Then, the efficacy and safety of the collar were assessed in 12 client-owned dogs with CAD in a pilot study. After eight weeks, the dogs experienced significant clinical improvements on the Canine Atopic Dermatitis Extent and Severity Index (CADESI)-4, Pruritus Index for Canine Atopic Dermatitis (PCAD) and Pruritus Visual Analogue Scale (PVAS) scores, without any adverse effects. Additionally, further in vitro studies were performed, indicating that this LE collar should be compatible with antiparasitic collars (with deltamethrin or imidacloprid/flumethrin) if worn simultaneously. Given the observed benefits of this LE collar, combining it with other CAD therapies could potentially allow for drug sparing, reduction in adverse effects, enhanced owner compliance, and reduced treatment costs.

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Differences in Behavior between Normal and Atopic Keratinocytes in Culture: Pilot Studies

Cited by 4 publications

References 64 publications

Update on the skin barrier, cutaneous microbiome and host defence peptides in canine atopic dermatitis

Update on the skin barrier, cutaneous microbiome and host defence peptides in canine atopic dermatitis

Studies Using Antibodies against Filaggrin and Filaggrin 2 in Canine Normal and Atopic Skin Biopsies

Sphingomyelin-Rich Lipid Extract Collar for Canine Atopic Dermatitis

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