Differences between water-soluble and water-insoluble melanin derived from Inonotus hispidus mushroom

Li, Xiaomin; Wu, W.; Zhang, Fengpei; Hu, Xin; Yuan, Yuan; Wu, Xiaoping; Fu, Junsheng

doi:10.1016/j.fochx.2022.100498

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Melanin is a crucial part of the fungal cell structure and has a variety of physiological and biochemical functions [ 14 ]. Numerous fungi, including I. hispidus , B. griseus, and Auricularia auricula , have been used to produce melanin, and their structures and functions have been studied [ 9 , 25 , 27 ]. Reports of preliminary studies on the structure and function of O. sinensis melanin indicate that it shows antioxidant activities [ 20 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to causing DNA damage, UV radiation can also cause harm to organisms by inducing carcinogenic ROS. The water-insoluble melanin derived from I. hispidus can clear intracellular ROS to enhance the cell viability of LO2 liver cells under H 2 O 2 treatment, and shows strong antioxidant activity [ 9 ]. O. sinensis melanin also exhibits similar activity, which can neutralize ROS in various cells and inhibit cell apoptosis induced by H 2 O 2 in HEK293 cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Melanin isolated from Lachnum YM226 lowered blood lipid levels and showed antitumor activity in a mouse model [ 8 ]. The melanin synthesized from Inonotus hispidus has a strong antioxidant capacity, which can significantly reduce reactive oxygen species (ROS) in LO2 cells and thus protect the liver from oxidative damage [ 9 ]. Melanin also has antibacterial, anti-radiation, DNA protection, and other physiological activities [ 10 , 11 , 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization and Biological Activities of Melanin from the Medicinal Fungi Ophiocordyceps sinensis

Tong

Luo

Xie

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Melanin is a complex natural pigment that is widely present in fungi. The mushroom Ophiocordyceps sinensis has a variety of pharmacological effects. The active substances of O. sinensis have been extensively studied, but few studies have focused on the O. sinensis melanin. In this study, the production of melanin was increased by adding light or oxidative stress, namely, reactive oxygen species (ROS) or reactive nitrogen species (RNS), during liquid fermentation. Subsequently, the structure of the purified melanin was characterized using elemental analysis, ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrum, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), and pyrolysis gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (Py-GCMS). Studies have shown that O. sinensis melanin is composed of C (50.59), H (6.18), O (33.90), N (8.19), and S (1.20), with maximum absorbance at 237 nm and typical melanin structures such as benzene, indole, and pyrrole. Additionally, the various biological activities of O. sinensis melanin have been discovered; it can chelate heavy metals and shows a strong ultraviolet-blocking ability. Moreover, O. sinensis melanin can reduce the levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species and counteract the oxidative damage of H2O2 to cells. These results can help us to develop applications of O. sinensis melanin in radiation resistance, heavy metal pollution remediation, and antioxidant use.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization and Biological Activities of Melanin from the Medicinal Fungi Ophiocordyceps sinensis

Tong

Luo

Xie

et al. 2023

IJMS

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“…It is an interesting result that ANF could have a potential anticancer activity due to the result that when the concentration of ANF is higher than 0.8 mg mL −1 , the proliferation rate of HepG2 cells was below 70%. An earlier study has also reported the potential anticancer activity of melanin 41 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…An earlier study has also reported the potential anticancer activity of melanin. 41 Regarding the cellular uptake of glucose content, the MelS and ANF groups demonstrated comparable ability to uptake glucose compared to the NC when acting in the culture medium. Additionally, the ANF eumelanin group displayed significantly higher glucose consumption compared to the cells in the acarbose group.…”

Section: In Vitro Hypoglycemic Activitymentioning

confidence: 94%

Therapeutic potential of enzymatically extracted eumelanin from squid ink in type 2 diabetes mellitus ICR mice: Multifaceted intervention against hyperglycemia, oxidative stress and depression

Song,

Xing,

Yang

et al. 2023

J Sci Food Agric

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BackgroundType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a prevalent metabolic disease that poses significant health risks due to its numerous complications. However, the effects of eumelanin on oxidative stress, hyperglycemia, and depression in diabetic mice haven't been extensively studied.ResultsOur study employed an enzymatic approach to extract eumelanin from squid ink and characterized it using spectroscopic techniques. Remarkably, eumelanin extracted with alkaline‐neutral‐flavor protease (ANF) displayed superior inhibitory activity against α‐glucosidase and α‐amylase, while enhancing glucose utilization and hepatic glycogen synthesis in human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (HepG2) insulin resistance model. Further evaluation of ANF in a T2DM ICR mouse model demonstrated its significant potential in alleviating hyperglycemia, reducing glycosylated serum protein levels, improving glucose tolerance, and modulating total cholesterol (TC), low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) levels, as well as antioxidant indices (SOD, GSH‐Px, and MDA) at a dosage of 0.04 g·kg‐1. Additionally, ANF exhibited positive effects on energy levels and reduced immobility time in antidepressant behavioral experiments. Moreover, ANF positively influenced the density and infiltration state of renal cells, while mitigating inflammatory enlargement and deformation of liver cells, without inducing any adverse effects in mice.ConclusionOverall, these findings underscore the significant therapeutic potential of ANF in the treatment of T2DM and its associated complications. By augmenting lipid and glucose metabolism, mitigating oxidative stress, and alleviating depression, ANF emerges as a promising candidate for multifaceted intervention.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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Hepatoenteric Protective Effect of Melanin from Inonotus hispidus on Acute Alcoholic Liver Injury in Mice

Yuan

Zhang

et al. 2023

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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Scope Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a common disease with a high incidence. Because traditional drugs have obvious side effects, it is desired to find more effective drugs. Methods and results This study investigates the effects of melanin from Inonotus hispidus fruiting bodies (IHFM) on acute alcoholic injury mice and detects the protective mechanisms via the gut–microbiota–liver axis. The results show that IHFM alleviates mouse liver injury by enhancing alcohol metabolism capacity, reducing inflammation response level and strengthening antioxidant activities. IHFM also improves mouse liver injury by activating Nrf2 signaling pathway and inhibiting toll‐like receptor4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor‐κβ (NF‐κβ) signaling pathway. Furthermore, 16S amplification sequencing shows that IHFM can significantly increase the relative abundance of Lactobacillus reuteri and Lactobacillus johnsonii. The relative abundance of L. reuteri positively correlates with an antioxidant index, while negatively correlates with inflammatory factors. Conclusion IHFM can protect mice from acute alcoholic liver injury by upregulating the Nrf2 signaling pathway, downregulating the TLR4/NF‐κβ signaling pathway, and upregulating the relative abundance of L. reuteri and L. johnsonii, representing a step forward in the development of IHFM.

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Differences between water-soluble and water-insoluble melanin derived from Inonotus hispidus mushroom

Cited by 6 publications

References 14 publications

Characterization and Biological Activities of Melanin from the Medicinal Fungi Ophiocordyceps sinensis

Characterization and Biological Activities of Melanin from the Medicinal Fungi Ophiocordyceps sinensis

Therapeutic potential of enzymatically extracted eumelanin from squid ink in type 2 diabetes mellitus ICR mice: Multifaceted intervention against hyperglycemia, oxidative stress and depression

Hepatoenteric Protective Effect of Melanin from Inonotus hispidus on Acute Alcoholic Liver Injury in Mice

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