Differences among patients with and without nonalcoholic fatty liver disease having elevated alanine aminotransferase levels at various stages of metabolic syndrome

Abstract

Background The prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in the non-obese population has increased and NAFLD is not always recognized in individuals with metabolic syndrome (MS). The risk of cirrhosis is higher in patients having NAFLD with elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels than in those having NAFLD with normal ALT levels. Objective To measure the differences in clinical factors associated with NAFLD having elevation of ALT among subjects with Non-MS, Pre-MS, and MS, and to measure differences in metabolites between MS subjects with and without NAFLD having elevation of ALT. Methods Among 7,054 persons undergoing health checkups , we included 3,025 subjects who met the selection criteria. We measured differences in clinical factors for NAFLD having elevation of ALT among subjects with Non-MS, Pre-MS, and MS, and compared metabolites between subjects with and without NAFLD having elevation of ALT in 32 subjects with MS. Results The prevalence of NAFLD and NAFLD having elevation of ALT was significantly progressively greater in subjects with Non-MS, Pre-MS, and MS (p <0.001, respectively). In the Non-MS group, there were significant differences between subjects with and without NAFLD having elevation of ALT with respect to body mass index (BMI), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, hemoglobin A1c, uric acid,

Establishment of interleukin‐18 time‐resolved fluorescence immunoassay and its preliminary application in liver disease

“…Changes such as hepatocyte swelling and necrosis caused by liver diseases will increase the permeability of the liver, capillaries, and blood vessels, making it easy for indexes such as DBIL, AST, and ALT to flow back into the blood from the liver cells and bile ducts 31 . In patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver, the detection indexes of ALT, AST, and GT were found to be significantly higher than those of healthy controls ( p < 0.01) 32 . In our study, the clinical indicators of ALT, LD, DBIL, TP, AST, and GT of 5 liver diseases were significantly positively correlated with IL‐18.…”

Normalization of γ-glutamyl transferase levels is associated with better metabolic control in individuals with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

“…GGT and ALT levels have been well accepted as important variables for screening NAFLD because both indicators are tested using a simple routine method in clinical or epidemiologic settings [ 7 , 29 , 30 ]. In the present study, the prevalence of simultaneous GGT and ALT abnormalities in Chinese patients with NAFLD was 46.4%, which was similar to another large-scale cross-sectional study conducted in China, in which over 50% of patients with NAFLD presented abnormal serum liver enzyme levels [ 31 ].…”

Metabolic syndrome and transaminases: systematic review and meta-analysis

“… Cluster randomised controlled trial 20 MetS + 49.4 ± 6.7 MetS- 48.4 ± 7.9 490/844 Total 1334 NCEP ATP III MetS + group has elevated AST and ALT levels compared to the MetS- group. MetS + 27.9 ± 11.4 (AST) MetS- 23.4 ± 13.8 (AST) MetS + 37.2 ± 22.0 (ALT) MetS- 25 ± 15.8 (ALT) Sobage et al, 2020, Japan [ 35 ]. Cross sectional study 20 MetS + 51.2 ± 9.7 MetS- 55.4 ± 7.2 418/2246 Total 2664 NCEP ATP III ALT, AST, GGT and the prevalence of NAFLD were significantly higher in the MetS + group.…”