Differences among human immunodeficiency virus strains in their capacities to induce cytolysis or persistent infection of a lymphoblastoid cell line immortalized by Epstein-Barr virus

Abstract

Four strains of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) manifest consistent differences in biologic behavior after infection of the X50-7 line of human umbilical cord lymphocytes immortalized by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Some dilutions of the first strain examined, human T-cell lymphotropic virus type III B, which is derived from a pool of patient isolates propagated in H9 cells, caused transient cytopathic effects (CPE) followed by recovery of a subpopulation of X50-7 cells which became virus carrier cultures. Other dilutions of the same virus stock completely lysed X50-7 cells. Two other strains, RF2 and YW, both from individual patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome, always induced complete cytolysis of X50-7 cells at all dilutions which infected the cells. However, RF2 did establish persistent infection of H9 cells. A fourth strain, PHl-MN, from a child with acquired immune deficiency syndrome-related complex, induced only transient CPE in X50-7 and H9 cells, which thereafter always recovered to form carrier cultures. For all four strains, the dilutions of HIV stocks which caused CPE corresponded to dilutions which resulted in the detection of HIV polypeptides by immunoblot. Cytolysis in HIV-infected X50-7 cells was accompanied by a decrease in the amount of EBV nuclear antigen; however, HIV infection did not induce EBV replication. Thus CPE in X50-7 cells is due to replication of HIV per se and not to activation of EBV. The observations indicate that there are differences in the cytolytic properties of HIVs and that these differences are influenced by the target cell.

Persistent productive HIV infection in EBV‐transformed B lymphocytes

“…The present results confirm and extend earlier reports that EBV-transformed B cells may be susceptible to HIV infection Salahuddin et al, 1987;Dahl et al, 1987;Levy et al, 19851. In fact,…”

“…It is also known that several B-lymphoblastoid cell lines can be productively infected with HIV. Montagnier and co-workers 119841 reported a successful adaptation of HIV to persistent infection of several Epstein-Barr virus (EBVI-transformed B-lymphoblastoid cell lines; data from other laboratories have confirmed that HIV may replicate in established lines of human B cells ILevy et al, 1985;Dahl et al, 1987;Salahuddin et al, 1987 I. Some EBV-genome-negative B cells could be infected only after conversion to a n EBV-genome-positive state [Salahuddin e t al., 1987 I.…”

Induction of Epstein‐Barr virus in B‐lymphoblastoid cells by human immunodeficiency virus type 1

“…Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the retrovirus which causes AIDS (Bank-Sinoussi et al, 1983;Gallo et al, 1984;Levy et al, 1984), has a remarkably wide host cell range which includes B 1vmDhocvtes (Casareale et a / . , 1984: Salahuddin etal., 1987Dahl et al, 1987). Our study has been designed to evaluate whether HIV-I infection may have any effect on the expression of latent EBV in human Blymphocytes.…”

Complement Receptor Type 2 Mediates Infection of the Human CD4‐Negative Raji B‐Cell Line with Opsonized HIV

“…19]. Depending on the cell line and on the strain of HIV, infection of EBV-positive B cells has resulted in cytolysis or in persistent non-productive or productive infection [20][21][22][23]. HIV has also been shown to infect EBV-negative Burkitt lymphoma B-cell lines, indicating that susceptibility to HIV infection is not strictly dependent on the presence of the EBV genome [24].…”