Difference in neuromuscular transmission in red and white muscles

Gertler, Robert; Robbins, Norman N.

doi:10.1016/0006-8993(78)90186-5

Cited by 89 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Localization of the different Ca 2ϩ channel ␣ 1 subunits at tg and WT mouse motor nerve terminals was compared using fluorescence immunohistochemistry in the extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and triangularis sterni (TS) muscles from animals whose diaphragm was used for pharmacological studies. The EDL is a homogeneous fast twitch type muscle; thus, concerns associated with myofiber-type-dependent differences in structure or function of the neuromuscular junctions were minimized (Gertler and Robbins, 1978;Prakash et al, 1996). The thinness of the TS muscle allowed us to label neuromuscular junction structures without using cryosectioning techniques that involved prolonged exposure of the preparation to chemicals such as sucrose, yet permitted high-quality images to be obtained.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acetylcholine Release at Neuromuscular Junctions of Adult Tottering Mice Is Controlled by N-(Ca_v2.2) and R-Type (Ca_v2.3) but Not L-Type (Ca_v1.2) Ca²⁺Channels

Pardo

Hajela

Atchison

2006

J Pharmacol Exp Ther

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acetylcholine Release at Neuromuscular Junctions of Adult Tottering Mice Is Controlled by N-(Ca_v2.2) and R-Type (Ca_v2.3) but Not L-Type (Ca_v1.2) Ca²⁺Channels

Pardo

Hajela

Atchison

2006

J Pharmacol Exp Ther

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“…The amplitude of spontaneous postsynaptic potential (miniature endplate potentials, mepps) remains constant, showing that the depression reflects a reduction in the number of synaptic vesicles released per stimulus and not in the amount of neurotransmitter in each vesicle (645). The synaptic depression is responsible for a significant difference between fiber types since the safety factor for neuromuscular transmission (see above) at the NMJ of slow fibers of rat soleus is low but remains stable with repetitive stimulation, whereas in fast EDL fibers is high at the beginning of the stimulation but sharply decreases with repeated stimulation (266).…”

Section: Transmission Of Nerve Impulse To Muscle Fibersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fiber Types in Mammalian Skeletal Muscles

Schiaffino

Reggiani

2011

Physiological Reviews

2,227

2,465

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Mammalian skeletal muscle comprises different fiber types, whose identity is first established during embryonic development by intrinsic myogenic control mechanisms and is later modulated by neural and hormonal factors. The relative proportion of the different fiber types varies strikingly between species, and in humans shows significant variability between individuals. Myosin heavy chain isoforms, whose complete inventory and expression pattern are now available, provide a useful marker for fiber types, both for the four major forms present in trunk and limb muscles and the minor forms present in head and neck muscles. However, muscle fiber diversity involves all functional muscle cell compartments, including membrane excitation, excitation-contraction coupling, contractile machinery, cytoskeleton scaffold, and energy supply systems. Variations within each compartment are limited by the need of matching fiber type properties between different compartments. Nerve activity is a major control mechanism of the fiber type profile, and multiple signaling pathways are implicated in activity-dependent changes of muscle fibers. The characterization of these pathways is raising increasing interest in clinical medicine, given the potentially beneficial effects of muscle fiber type switching in the prevention and treatment of metabolic diseases.

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“…Analysis of synaptic transmission from nerve to muscle has demonstrated differences between the neurotransmitter release properties of the nerve terminals that fast and slow motoneurons form on muscle fibers (Gertler and Robbins, 1978;Reid et al, 1999). One might imagine that these physiological differences reflect molecular differences between slow and fast motoneurons in the expression of ion channels or components of the release apparatus.…”

Section: Sv2a Marks Slow Motoneuronsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retrograde influence of muscle fibers on their innervation revealed by a novel marker for slow motoneurons

et al. 2010

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SUMMARYMammalian limb and trunk skeletal muscles are composed of muscle fibers that differ in contractile and molecular properties. They are commonly divided into four categories according to the myosin heavy chain that they express: I, IIA, IIX and IIB, ranging from slowest to fastest. Individual motor axons innervate tens of muscle fibers, nearly all of which are of the same type. The mechanisms accounting for this striking specificity, termed motor unit homogeneity, remain incompletely understood, in part because there have been no markers for motoneuron types. Here we show in mice that the synaptic vesicle protein SV2A is selectively localized in motor nerve terminals on slow (type I and small type IIA) muscle fibers; its close relatives, SV2B and SV2C, are present in all motor nerve terminals. SV2A is broadly expressed at birth; fast motoneurons downregulate its expression during the first postnatal week. An inducible transgene incorporating regulatory elements from the Sv2a gene permits selective labeling of slow motor units and reveals their composition. Overexpression of the transcriptional co-regulator PGC1a in muscle fibers, which converts them to a slow phenotype, leads to an increased frequency of SV2A-positive motor nerve terminals, indicating a fiber type-specific retrograde influence of muscle fibers on their innervation. This retrograde influence must be integrated with known anterograde influences in order to understand how motor units become homogeneous.

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Difference in neuromuscular transmission in red and white muscles

Cited by 89 publications

References 17 publications

Acetylcholine Release at Neuromuscular Junctions of Adult Tottering Mice Is Controlled by N-(Ca_v2.2) and R-Type (Ca_v2.3) but Not L-Type (Ca_v1.2) Ca²⁺Channels

Acetylcholine Release at Neuromuscular Junctions of Adult Tottering Mice Is Controlled by N-(Ca_v2.2) and R-Type (Ca_v2.3) but Not L-Type (Ca_v1.2) Ca²⁺Channels

Fiber Types in Mammalian Skeletal Muscles

Retrograde influence of muscle fibers on their innervation revealed by a novel marker for slow motoneurons

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Difference in neuromuscular transmission in red and white muscles

Cited by 89 publications

References 17 publications

Acetylcholine Release at Neuromuscular Junctions of Adult Tottering Mice Is Controlled by N-(Cav2.2) and R-Type (Cav2.3) but Not L-Type (Cav1.2) Ca2+Channels

Acetylcholine Release at Neuromuscular Junctions of Adult Tottering Mice Is Controlled by N-(Cav2.2) and R-Type (Cav2.3) but Not L-Type (Cav1.2) Ca2+Channels

Fiber Types in Mammalian Skeletal Muscles

Retrograde influence of muscle fibers on their innervation revealed by a novel marker for slow motoneurons

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Product

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Acetylcholine Release at Neuromuscular Junctions of Adult Tottering Mice Is Controlled by N-(Ca_v2.2) and R-Type (Ca_v2.3) but Not L-Type (Ca_v1.2) Ca²⁺Channels

Acetylcholine Release at Neuromuscular Junctions of Adult Tottering Mice Is Controlled by N-(Ca_v2.2) and R-Type (Ca_v2.3) but Not L-Type (Ca_v1.2) Ca²⁺Channels