Difference Between Bladder and Esophageal Temperatures in Mild Induced Hypothermia

The introduction of an esophageal heat transfer device into a therapeutic hypothermia protocol: A prospective evaluation

“…Nevertheless, when compared to our historical use of water blankets as the primary temperature control modality, we found that we could reduce our use of cold saline by approximately one third [25]. Future iterations of our standard temperature management protocol may result in our abandoning the use of cold saline, enabling further characterization of the specific cooling rate of the EHTD.…”

“…Using the EHTD, we were able to utilize a smaller volume of iced fluids (1607 ± 858 mL, or 20.9 ± 9 mL/kg BW) than we typically utilize when using water blankets to attain goal temperature and smaller volume compared to that as proposed by the guidelines at the time the study was performed (30 mL/kg BW) [2]. In a study performed in our site using the combination of intravenous cooling and water blankets, 2125 ± 694 ml were used to induce hypothermia [25]. During the induction of hypothermia we achieved a cooling rate of 1.12 (±0.62)°C/ h. Similar rates have been achieved using intravascular devices or infusion of greater volumes of iced fluids [8,24,25].…”

“…In a study performed in our site using the combination of intravenous cooling and water blankets, 2125 ± 694 ml were used to induce hypothermia [25]. During the induction of hypothermia we achieved a cooling rate of 1.12 (±0.62)°C/ h. Similar rates have been achieved using intravascular devices or infusion of greater volumes of iced fluids [8,24,25]. In one of the largest recent studies to date, endovascular cooling devices were reported to have an average cooling rate of 0.39°C/h, while surface cooling devices were reported to have an average cooling rate of 0.27°C/h [16].…”

Comparison of temperature measurements in esophagus and urinary bladder in comatose patients after cardiac arrest undergoing mild therapeutic hypothermia

“…Very few, low subject number and fragmentary studies comparing different methods of temperature monitoring during MTH are available [13,17,19,20]. Some reports suggest that urinary bladder site does not reflect real-time temperature changes when hypothermia is induced, and temperature changes at this location lag behind body core temperature changes [17,19]. This observation however, was not confirmed in other studies [15,20].…”

“…As a result, time to reach the target temperature was approximately 1 h longer when the temperature was assessed in the urinary bladder compared with the esophagus. Very few, low subject number and fragmentary studies comparing different methods of temperature monitoring during MTH are available [13,17,19,20]. Some reports suggest that urinary bladder site does not reflect real-time temperature changes when hypothermia is induced, and temperature changes at this location lag behind body core temperature changes [17,19].…”