Diets rich in fructose, fat or fructose and fat alter intestinal barrier function and lead to the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease over time

Sellmann, Cathrin; Priebs, Josephine; Landmann, Marianne; Degen, Christian; Engstler, Anna Janina; Wei, Huangzhao; Gärttner, Stefanie; Spruss, Astrid; Huber, Otmar; Bergheim, Ina

doi:10.1016/j.jnutbio.2015.05.011

Cited by 141 publications

(113 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…It has been clearly demonstrated that a high rate of hepatocyte apoptosis was developed in a NASH rat model induced by a HFD. Our observation is in agreement with findings from both human studies of NASH patients [22, 87] and an animal model of NASH [88]. These results suggest that increased hepatocyte apoptosis could contribute to NASH pathogenesis.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Preventive effects of dietary walnuts on high-fat-induced hepatic fat accumulation, oxidative stress and apoptosis in mice

Choi

Abdelmegeed

Song

2016

The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry

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We hypothesized that dietary walnut would prevent high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced hepatic apoptosis based on its antioxidant properties. Male C57BL/6J mice were fed a rodent chow or HFD (45% energy-derived) ± walnuts (21.5% energy-derived) for 6 weeks. Liver histological and biochemical analyses revealed significantly elevated fat accumulation in mice fed HFD compared to mice fed the chow or HFD+walnuts. Walnut supplementation prevented HFD-mediated alteration of the levels of key proteins in lipid homeostasis such as Sirt1, AMPK and FAS, leading to decreased fat accumulation. In addition, walnut supplementation to HFD significantly decreased the hepatic levels of cytochrome P450-2E1, nitrated proteins and lipid peroxidation. Furthermore, walnut supplementation decreased the activated cell death-associated p-JNK and p-p38K accompanied with increased hepatocyte apoptosis in HFD group. The beneficial effects of dietary walnut likely result, at least partially, from its antioxidant ingredients and attenuating HFD-induced hepatic steatosis, nitroxidative stress and apoptosis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Preventive effects of dietary walnuts on high-fat-induced hepatic fat accumulation, oxidative stress and apoptosis in mice

Choi

Abdelmegeed

Song

2016

The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry

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“…A significant decrease in hepatic IκBα1 protein in the HF-EFr-fed rats was observed. The activation of NF-κB and TLR4-CD14 cascade presumably resulted from an activation of CD68 + macrophages, as the chronic intake of HF-EFr enhances the influx of endotoxin to portal blood [26,38,39]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insulin Production and Resistance in Different Models of Diet-Induced Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome

Alwahsh

Dwyer

Forbes

et al. 2017

IJMS

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The role of the liver and the endocrine pancreas in development of hyperinsulinemia in different types of obesity remains unclear. Sedentary rats (160 g) were fed a low-fat-diet (LFD, chow 13% kcal fat), high-fat-diet (HFD, 35% fat), or HFD+ 30% ethanol+ 30% fructose (HF-EFr, 22% fat). Overnight-fasted rats were culled after one, four or eight weeks. Pancreatic and hepatic mRNAs were isolated for subsequent RT-PCR analysis. After eight weeks, body weights increased three-fold in the LFD group, 2.8-fold in the HFD group, and 2.4-fold in the HF-EFr (p < 0.01). HF-EFr-fed rats had the greatest liver weights and consumed less food during Weeks 4–8 (p < 0.05). Hepatic-triglyceride content increased progressively in all groups. At Week 8, HOMA-IR values, fasting serum glucose, C-peptide, and triglycerides levels were significantly increased in LFD-fed rats compared to that at earlier time points. The greatest plasma levels of glucose, triglycerides and leptin were observed in the HF-EFr at Week 8. Gene expression of pancreatic-insulin was significantly greater in the HFD and HF-EFr groups versus the LFD. Nevertheless, insulin: C-peptide ratios and HOMA-IR values were substantially higher in HF-EFr. Hepatic gene-expression of insulin-receptor-substrate-1/2 was downregulated in the HF-EFr. The expression of phospho-ERK-1/2 and inflammatory-mediators were greatest in the HF-EFr-fed rats. Chronic intake of both LFD and HFD induced obesity, MetS, and intrahepatic-fat accumulation. The hyperinsulinemia is the strongest in rats with the lowest body weights, but having the highest liver weights. This accompanies the strongest increase of pancreatic insulin production and the maximal decrease of hepatic insulin signaling, which is possibly secondary to hepatic fat deposition, inflammation and other factors.

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“…Fasting blood glucose was measured by using a standard glucometer (Contour; Bayer Vital GmbH). Paraffinembedded sections of liver (5 mm) were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (Sigma Aldrich Chemie GmbH) and analyzed as previously described (17). Neutrophil granulocytes were stained in paraffinembedded liver sections (5 mm) by using a commercially available naphthol AS-D chloroacetate esterase staining kit (Sigma Aldrich Chemie GmbH) and counted as detailed previously (17).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Paraffin-embedded duodenal sections (4 mm) were stained by using a specific antibody against the tight junction protein occludin (Invitrogen). Staining intensities in all liver and duodenal sections were determined as previously detailed (17). To determine means, data from 8 fields (liver: 2003 magnification; duodenum: 4003 magnification) of each tissue section (e.g., liver or duodenum) were used.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral Glutamine Supplementation Protects Female Mice from Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis

Sellmann

Wei

Degen

et al. 2015

The Journal of Nutrition

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Diets rich in fructose, fat or fructose and fat alter intestinal barrier function and lead to the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease over time

Cited by 141 publications

References 48 publications

Preventive effects of dietary walnuts on high-fat-induced hepatic fat accumulation, oxidative stress and apoptosis in mice

Preventive effects of dietary walnuts on high-fat-induced hepatic fat accumulation, oxidative stress and apoptosis in mice

Insulin Production and Resistance in Different Models of Diet-Induced Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome

Oral Glutamine Supplementation Protects Female Mice from Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis

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