Diets intervene osteoporosis via gut-bone axis

Abstract

Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease that seriously endangers the health of middle-aged and older adults. Recently, with the continuous deepening of research, an increasing number of studies have revealed gut microbiota as a potential target for osteoporosis, and the research concept of the gut-bone axis has gradually emerged. Additionally, the intake of dietary nutrients and the adoption of dietary patterns may affect the gut microbiota, and alterations in the gut microbiota might also influence the metabolic status of the host, thus adjusting bone metabolism. Based on the gut-bone axis, dietary intake can also participate in the modulation of bone metabolism by altering abundance, diversity, and composition of gut microbiota. Herein, combined with emerging literatures and relevant studies, this review is aimed to summarize the impacts of different dietary components and patterns on osteoporosis by acting on gut microbiota, as well as underlying mechanisms and proper dietary recommendations.

Linking the relationship between dietary folic acid intake and risk of osteoporosis among middle‐aged and older people: A nationwide population‐based study

“…In accordance with the daily dietary folic acid intake amount below or equal to and above optimal cutoff value, the research object is then divided into two independent groups, and the OR and 95% CI of the higher dietary folic acid intake group in contrast with the lower group are further analyzed. The criteria for selection of potential confounding variables mainly refers to risk factors related to osteoporosis in middle‐aged and elderly people, including age, gender, BMI, smoking, drinking alcohol, as well as dietary nutrients related to bone health, such as calcium, vitamin D, phosphorus, protein, and so on (Levis & Lagari, 2012 ; Zhang, Song, et al., 2024 ).…”

“…The criteria for selection of potential confounding variables mainly refers to risk factors related to osteoporosis in middle-aged and elderly people, including age, gender, BMI, smoking, drinking alcohol, as well as dietary nutrients related to bone health, such as calcium, vitamin D, phosphorus, protein, and so on (Levis & Lagari, 2012;Zhang, Song, et al, 2024).…”

“…Of note, osteoporotic fracture means a low‐energy or non‐violent fracture that occurs without apparent external force, which is also a major and non‐negligible complication of osteoporosis (Pinto et al., 2022 ; Wang et al., 2021 ). Currently, with the ceaseless progression of the global population aging, the number of patients with fractures caused by osteoporosis is as high as 8.9 million annually (Zhang, Song, et al., 2024 ), which means that there is one osteoporotic patient complicated with fractures every 3 s (Mills et al., 2022 ). Besides, it is expected that by 2050, China will also become the country with the highest incidence of osteoporotic fractures in Asia (Wang et al., 2021 ), which might not only affect the quality of life of middle‐aged and older people but also enhance the burden of the social medical service system to certain extents (Chen et al., 2021 ; Guo et al., 2023 ; Hu, Li, Zhang, et al., 2021 ; Hu, Li, Zhi, et al., 2021 ; Liu et al., 2022 , 2023 ).…”

An Overview on the Big Players in Bone Tissue Engineering: Biomaterials, Scaffolds and Cells

“…The latter condition is marked by diminished bone density, leading to heightened bone fragility and an increased risk of fractures. As the elderly population continues to grow, this has become one of the most prevalent and severe public health concerns [26][27][28].…”

Gut microbially produced tryptophan metabolite melatonin ameliorates osteoporosis via modulating SCFA and TMAO metabolism

“…4 Gut microbiota, as a pivotal environmental factor, has been demonstrated to widely participate in OP pathogenesis. 14,15 The underlying mechanisms by which gut microbiota regulates OP include modulation of inorganic salt and mineral absorption, levels of growth factors and hormones, as well as restoration and maintenance of the intestinal epithelial barrier. [16][17][18][19][20] Gut microbiotaderived metabolites may be the dominant drivers in the above "brain-gut-bone axis."…”