Diets Enriched with Conventional or High-Oleic Acid Canola Oils Lower Atherogenic Lipids and Lipoproteins Compared to a Diet with a Western Fatty Acid Profile in Adults with Central Adiposity

Abstract

Background Novel oils high in monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and low in saturated fatty acids (SFAs) are an alternative to partially hydrogenated oils high in trans-unsaturated fatty acids. There is widespread use of high-MUFA oils across the food industry; however, limited knowledge of their cardiovascular impact exists. Objectives We investigated the effects of diets containing canola oil, high-oleic acid canola oil (HOCO), and a control oil blend (diet formulated to emulate a Western fat profile) on lipids, lipoproteins, and apolipoproteins (apos), as secondary outcomes of the trial. Methods In a multi-center, double-blind, randomized, 3-period crossover, controlled feeding trial, men (n = 44) and women (n = 75) with a mean age of 44 y, mean body mass index (BMI; in kg/m2) of 31.7, and an increased waist circumference plus ≥1 metabolic syndrome criteria consumed prepared, weight-maintenance diets containing canola oil [17.5% MUFAs, 9.2% polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), 6.6% SFAs], HOCO (19.1% MUFAs, 7.0% PUFAs, 6.4% SFAs), or control oil (10.5% MUFAs, 10.0% PUFAs, 12.3% SFAs) for 6 wk with ≥4-wk washouts. Fasting serum lipids were assessed at baseline and 6 wk. Diet effects were examined using a repeated measures mixed model. Results Compared with the control, canola and HOCO diets resulted in lower endpoint total cholesterol (TC; −4.2% and −3.4%; P < 0.0001), LDL cholesterol (−6.6% and −5.6%; P < 0.0001), apoB (−3.7% and −3.4%; P = 0.002), and non-HDL cholesterol (−4.5% and −4.0%; P = 0.001), with no differences between canola diets. The TC:HDL cholesterol and apoB:apoA1 ratios were lower after the HOCO diet than after the control diet (−3.7% and −3.4%, respectively). There were no diet effects on triglyceride, HDL cholesterol, or apoA1 concentrations. Conclusions HOCO, with increased MUFAs at the expense of decreased PUFAs, elicited beneficial effects on lipids and lipoproteins comparable to conventional canola oil and consistent with reduced cardiovascular disease risk in adults with central adiposity. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02029833.

Effect of Feeding Cows with Unsaturated Fatty Acid Sources on Milk Production, Milk Composition, Milk Fatty Acid Profile, and Physicochemical and Sensory Characteristics of Ice Cream

“…However, we observed an increase ( p < 0.05) in both C18:0 and C18:1 cis -9 in milk fat from FO diet, although marine oil supplementation in dairy cow diets usually decreases both of these FA in milk fat [26]. In humans, dietary C18:1 cis -9 can lower total blood cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein [27].…”

Doubled haploids of interspecific hybrids between Brassica napus and Brassica rapa for canola production with valuable breeding traits

“…At the same time, the requirements for oil quality are increasing constantly. In particular, vegetable oils with a high content of oleic acid are relevant for a healthy diet (Bowen et al, 2019). The fatty acid composition of the doubled haploid seeds obtained by us fully meets the modern requirements for canola cultivars.…”

Oxidative Stability and Quality Characteristics of Duck, Chicken, Swine and Bovine Skin Fats Extracted by Pressurized Hot Water Extraction

“…Particularly, oleic acid is an USFA that provides biologically beneficial effects in the human body. A previous report demonstrated that the consumption of canola oils enriched with high oleic acid decreased atherogenic lipids and lipoproteins compared to commercial canola oils (Bowen et al, 2019). Thus, high levels of oleic acid in duck skin fat may confer extra value as a food ingredient.…”