Diets containing barley significantly reduce lipids in mildly hypercholesterolemic men and women

Behall, Kay M.; Scholfield, Daniel J.; Hallfrisch, Judith

doi:10.1093/ajcn/80.5.1185

Cited by 256 publications

(170 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…In the first study by Behall et al (2004a), the medium dose (3 g) of barley b-glucans significantly lowered the total and LDL concentrations compared to the low dose. This did not occur in the second study (Behall et al, 2004b). Keogh et al (2003) also recently investigated the serum lipoprotein profile in hypercholesterolaemic men taking barley b-glucans, but did not see any significant effect compared to control of a daily 10 g dose of barley b-glucans incorporated into foods as bread, cakes, muffins or savoury dishes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Changes in serum lipids and postprandial glucose and insulin concentrations after consumption of beverages with β-glucans from oats or barley: a randomised dose-controlled trial

et al. 2005

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Objectives: To investigate side by side the effects on serum lipoproteins and postprandial glucose and insulin concentrations of beverages enriched with 5 or 10 g of b-glucans from oats or barley. Design and setting: An 8-week single blind, controlled study with five parallel groups carried out at two centres under identical conditions. Subjects: A total of 100 free-living hypercholesterolaemic subjects were recruited locally and 89 completed the study.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Changes in serum lipids and postprandial glucose and insulin concentrations after consumption of beverages with β-glucans from oats or barley: a randomised dose-controlled trial

et al. 2005

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“…The protective effects of dietary fiber against cardiovascular disease (CVD), mediated through a reduction in serum lipids, were first reported 440 years ago by Keys et al (1960); later research led to the dietary fiber hypothesis proposed by Burkitt et al (1974) and Trowell (1975) that states that a high intake of starchy carbohydrates and fiber is protective against CVD. Many trials showed a hypocholesterolemic effect of an increased intake of fiber from cereals, such as barley, rice and oats; the active component in barley has been identified as beta-glucans, which reduces serum total cholesterol by 5-10% (according to Anderson, 1987;McIntosh et al, 1991;Shimizu et al, 2008;Talati et al, 2009) and by 20% (according to Behall et al, 2004), although not all studies (Keogh et al, 2003) showed barley beta-glucans to be hypocholesterolemic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beta-glucan- or rice bran-enriched foods: a comparative crossover clinical trial on lipidic pattern in mildly hypercholesterolemic men

et al. 2011

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Background/ Objectives: There has been growing interest in using dietary intervention to improve the lipid profile. This work aims at analyzing the effects and the comparison of the enrichment of a diet with beta-glucans or rice bran in mildly hypercholesterolemic men. Subjects/Methods: The subjects initially consumed a 3-week Step 1 American Heart Association diet with rice bran-enriched foods. After this adaptation period, volunteers were randomly assigned to follow a crossover, controlled trial that consisted of two treatment with beta-glucan-or rice bran-enriched foods, each of 4 weeks, with a 3-week wash-out, like the adaptation period, between periods. Fasted blood samples were collected on days 0, 21, 49, 70 and 98 in both study arms for measuring low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol (primary outcome), total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol, triglycerides, apolipoprotein (apo) A-I, apo B and glucose levels. Results: Twenty-four men (mean age: 50.3±5.3, mean body mass index: 24.9±1.9) completed the 14-week trial. Subjects in the 3-week adaptation period experienced significant reductions in the mean change of LDL cholesterol, total cholesterol, total cholesterol/HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol/HDL cholesterol, apo A-I, apo A-I/apo B and glucose. During the intervention diet periods, a difference was found between treatment groups for the mean change in LDL (0.21 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.02-0.40), P ¼ 0.033) and total cholesterol (0.34 (95% CI: 0.20-0.47), Po0.001). Other parameters evaluated were not significantly affected by the diet consumed. Conclusions: The results of the present crossover clinical trial showed that beta-glucan-enriched foods are more effective in lowering serum LDL levels, compared with rice bran-enriched foods.

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“…For example, feeding fiber supplements to diabetic animals reduces nutrient absorption [1,2]. In humans, dietary fiber has been used to reduce the blood concentrations of cholesterol and triglycerides [3,4], presumably acting to reduce the intestinal absorption of lipids. Similarly, long-term feeding studies incorporating viscous soluble fiber in the form of β-glucan have demonstrated reductions in plasma cholesterol concentrations in hypercholesterolemic men [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

β-Glucan extracts inhibit the in vitro intestinal uptake of long-chain fatty acids and cholesterol and down-regulate genes involved in lipogenesis and lipid transport in rats☆

Drozdowski

Reimer

Temelli

et al. 2010

The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry

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Background-Dietary fiber reduces the intestinal absorption of nutrients and the blood concentrations of cholesterol and triglycerides.Aim-We wished to test the hypothesis that high-viscosity (HV) and low-viscosity preparations of barley and oat β-glucan modify the expression of selected genes of lipid-binding proteins in the intestinal mucosa and reduce the intestinal in vitro uptake of lipids.Methods-Five different β-glucan extracts were separately added to test solutions at concentrations of 0.1-0.5% (wt/wt), and the in vitro intestinal uptake of lipids into the intestine of rats was assessed. An intestinal cell line was used to determine the effect of β-glucan extracts on the expression of intestinal genes involved in lipid metabolism and fatty acid transport.Results-All extracts reduced the uptake of 18:2 when the effective resistance of the unstirred water layer was high. When the unstirred layer resistance was low, the HV oat β-glucan extract reduced jejunal 18:2 uptake, while most extracts reduced ileal 18:2 uptake. Ileal 18:0 uptake was reduced by the HV barley extract, while both jejunal and ileal cholesterol uptakes were reduced by the medium-purity HV barley extract. The inhibitory effect of HV barley β-glucan on 18:0 and 18:2 uptake was more pronounced at higher fatty acid concentrations. The expression of genes involved in fatty acid synthesis and cholesterol metabolism was down-regulated with the HV β-glucan extracts. β-Glucan extracts also reduced intestinal fatty-acid-binding protein and fatty acid transport protein 4 mRNA.Conclusions-The reduced intestinal fatty acid uptake observed with β-glucan is associated with inhibition of genes regulating intestinal uptake and synthesis of lipids. The inhibitory effect of β-glucan on intestinal lipid uptake raises the possibility of their selective use to reduce their intestinal absorption.☆ Laurie A. Drozdowski and Raylene A. Reimer contributed equally to this publication.

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Diets containing barley significantly reduce lipids in mildly hypercholesterolemic men and women

Abstract: The addition of barley to a healthy diet may be effective in lowering total and LDL cholesterol in both men and women.

Cited by 256 publications

References 39 publications

Changes in serum lipids and postprandial glucose and insulin concentrations after consumption of beverages with β-glucans from oats or barley: a randomised dose-controlled trial

Changes in serum lipids and postprandial glucose and insulin concentrations after consumption of beverages with β-glucans from oats or barley: a randomised dose-controlled trial

Beta-glucan- or rice bran-enriched foods: a comparative crossover clinical trial on lipidic pattern in mildly hypercholesterolemic men

β-Glucan extracts inhibit the in vitro intestinal uptake of long-chain fatty acids and cholesterol and down-regulate genes involved in lipogenesis and lipid transport in rats☆

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