Dietary zinc promotes immuno-biochemical plasticity and protects fish against multiple stresses

Kumar, Neeraj; Krishnani, Kishore Kumar; Kumar, P Ramesh; Jha, A. K.; Gupta, Sanjay Kumar; Singh, Narendra Pratap

doi:10.1016/j.fsi.2017.01.017

Cited by 83 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…In the present study, acetylcholine esterase (AChE) has been noticeably inhibited ( p < .01) in the Pb exposed alone and concurrent exposed to Pb and elevated temperature and fed to control diet. Our earlier reports were also finds same results when the fish were exposed to chemical and metal contaminant (Kumar, Ambasankar, Krishnani, Gupta, et al., ; Kumar, Krishnani, Kumar, Jha, et al., ; Kumar et al., ; Kumar, Krishnani, Kumar, & Singh ; Kumar, Krishnani, Meena, Gupta & Singh, ; Kumar, Prabhu, et al., ). The acetylcholine esterase activities in P .…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 79%

Dietary zinc potentiates thermal tolerance and cellular stress protection ofPangasius hypophthalmusreared under lead and thermal stress

et al. 2017

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Zinc micronutrient is the second most abundant trace element in the animal body, as it could not be stored in the body; hence, regular dietary zinc is required for animals. With this backdrops a 60 days feeding trial was conducted to study the effect of dietary zinc on the thermal tolerance and cellular metabolic stress of Pangasius hypophthalmus reared under Pb (1/21th of LC 50 , 4 ppm) and elevated temperature (34°C). Three isocaloric and isonitrogenous diets with Zn-0, 10 and 20 mg/kg were prepared. Two hundred seventy-three fish were randomly distributed into seven treatments in triplicate in completely randomized forms. Dietary zinc supplementation had remarkable (p < .01) changes on thermal tolerance of P. hypophthalmus viz.CTmin (critical temperature minima) and LTmin (lethal temperature minima), CTmax (critical temperature maxima) and LTmax (lethal temperature maxima). The positive correlations were also observed between CTmin and LTmin (Y = À0.707 + 6.59x, R 2 , 0.875) and CTmax and LTmax (Y = À0.923 + 2.45x, R 2 , 0.960). The oxidative stress (catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione-s-transferase) and lipid peroxidation were significantly reduced and neurotransmitter enzyme (AChE) was significantly enhanced with zinc supplementation at the end of the thermal tolerance. The present study concluded that thermal tolerance of P. hypophthalmus enhanced by zinc supplementation through CTmax LTmax and CTmin LTmin and also by strengthening the antioxidative status along with neurotransmitter enzymes.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 79%

Dietary zinc potentiates thermal tolerance and cellular stress protection ofPangasius hypophthalmusreared under lead and thermal stress

et al. 2017

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“…The free radical altered the protein structure, cellular damage, diseases occurrence and also disturbs the equilibrium between antioxidant level and cellular prooxidants 9,65 . Generally cells can detoxify contamination through the oxidation process to create equilibrium in oxidants and antioxidants from aerobic metabolism [66][67][68] . In the present study, the combination of dietary Se-NPs and RF has significantly reduced the oxidative stress and enhanced anti-oxidative status.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitigation potential of selenium nanoparticles and riboflavin against arsenic and elevated temperature stress in Pangasianodon hypophthalmus

Kumar

Gupta

Chandan

et al. 2020

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Climate change impact has disturbed the rainfall pattern worsening the problems of water availability in the aquatic ecosystem of India and other parts of the world. Arsenic pollution, mainly through excessive use of groundwater and other anthropogenic activities, is aggravating in many parts of the world, particularly in South Asia. We evaluated the efficacy of selenium nanoparticles (Se-NPs) and riboflavin (RF) to ameliorate the adverse impacts of elevated temperature and arsenic pollution on growth, anti-oxidative status and immuno-modulation in Pangasianodon hypophthalmus. Se-NPs were synthesized using fish gill employing green synthesis method. Four diets i.e., Se-NPs (0 mg kg−1) + RF (0 mg kg−1); Se-NPs (0.5 mg kg−1) + RF (5 mg kg−1); Se-NPs (0.5 mg kg−1) + RF (10 mg kg−1); and Se-NPs (0.5 mg kg−1) + RF (15 mg kg−1) were given in triplicate in a completely randomized block design. The fish were treated in arsenic (1/10th of LC50, 2.68 mg L−1) and high temperature (34 °C). Supplementation of the Se-NPs and RF in the diets significantly (p < 0.01) enhanced growth performance (weight gain, feed efficiency ratio, protein efficiency ratio, and specific growth rate), anti-oxidative status and immunity of the fish. Nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT), total immunoglobulin, myeloperoxidase and globulin enhanced (p < 0.01) with supplementation (Se-NPs + RF) whereas, albumin and albumin globulin (A:G) ratio (p < 0.01) reduced. Stress biomarkers such as lipid peroxidation in the liver, gill and kidney, blood glucose, heat shock protein 70 in gill and liver as well as serum cortisol reduced (p < 0.01) with supplementation of Se-NPs and RF, whereas, acetylcholine esterase and vitamin C level in both brain and muscle significantly enhanced (p < 0.01) in compared to control and stressors group (As + T) fed with control diet. The fish were treated with pathogenic bacteria after 90 days of experimental trial to observe cumulative mortality and relative survival for a week. The arsenic concentration in experimental water and bioaccumulation in fish tissues was also determined, which indicated that supplementation of Se-NPs and RF significantly reduced (p < 0.01) bioaccumulation. The study concluded that a combination of Se-NPs and RF has the potential to mitigate the stresses of high temperature and As pollution in P. hypophthalmus.

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“…However, other than the consistent effects on AKP, dietary Zn affects the immune regulation of fish in different ways. In basa catfish (Pangasius hypophthalmus), dietary Zn supplement resulted in higher contents of total protein and globulin in serum (64) and, in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), dietary supplement with Zn-enriched yeast significantly increased serum lysozyme activity, complement activity and total immunoglobulin (65) . A study on grass carp also found that dietary Zn deficiency decreased fish intestinal immune barrier function through regulation of NF-κB, TOR, Nrf2, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and myosin light-chain kinase (MLCK) signalling pathway (66) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of dietary zinc on growth, zinc bioaccumulation and expression of genes involved in antioxidant and innate immune in juvenile mud crabs (Scylla paramamosain)

et al. 2020

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The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of dietary Zn level on growth performance, Zn bioaccumulation, antioxidant capacity and innate immunity in juvenile mud crabs (Scylla paramamosain). Six semi-purified diets were formulated to contain dietary Zn levels of 44·5, 56·9, 68·5, 97·3, 155·6 or 254·7 mg/kg. Dietary Zn level significantly influenced percentage weight gain (PWG), with the highest observed in crabs fed the diet containing 97·3 mg/kg Zn. Tissue Zn concentrations significantly increased as dietary Zn levels increased from 44·5 to 254·7 mg/kg. Retention of Zn in hepatopancreas increased with dietary Zn levels up to 68·5 mg/kg and then significantly decreased. Moreover, inadequate dietary Zn (44·5 and 56·9 mg/kg) reduced antioxidation markers including total superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Cu/Zn SOD activities and total antioxidant level. Crabs fed the diet with 44·5 mg/kg Zn also showed significantly lower expression of genes involved in antioxidant status, such as Cu/Zn SOD, glutathione peroxidase, catalase and thioredoxin than those fed diets containing 68·5 and 97·3 mg/kg Zn. The highest activities of phenoloxidase and alkaline phosphatase were recorded in crabs fed the diets containing 68·5 and 97·3 mg/kg Zn. Expression levels of prophenoloxidase and toll-like receptor 2 were higher in crabs fed the 97·3 mg/kg Zn diet compared with crabs fed the other diets. Based on PWG alone, the optimal dietary Zn level was estimated to be 82·9 mg/kg, with 68·5 to 97·3 mg/kg recommended for maintaining optimal Zn bioaccumulation, oxidation resistance and innate immune response of juvenile mud crabs.

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Dietary zinc promotes immuno-biochemical plasticity and protects fish against multiple stresses

Cited by 83 publications

References 55 publications

Dietary zinc potentiates thermal tolerance and cellular stress protection ofPangasius hypophthalmusreared under lead and thermal stress

Dietary zinc potentiates thermal tolerance and cellular stress protection ofPangasius hypophthalmusreared under lead and thermal stress

Mitigation potential of selenium nanoparticles and riboflavin against arsenic and elevated temperature stress in Pangasianodon hypophthalmus

Influence of dietary zinc on growth, zinc bioaccumulation and expression of genes involved in antioxidant and innate immune in juvenile mud crabs (Scylla paramamosain)

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