Dietary unsaponifiable fraction of extra virgin olive oil supplementation attenuates lung injury and DNA damage of rats co-exposed to aluminum and acrylamide

Abstract

Aluminum chloride (AlCl3) and acrylamide (ACR) are well known as environmental pollutants inducing oxidative stress. Our study investigated the effects of these contaminants and if the hydrophilic fraction of extra virgin olive oil was able to prevent lung oxidative stress and DNA damage. Animals were divided into four groups of six each: group 1, serving as controls, received distilled water; group 2 received in drinking water aluminum chloride (50 mg/ kg body weight) and by gavage acrylamide (20 mg/kg body weight); group 3 received both aluminum and acrylamide in the same way and the same dose as group 2 and hydrophilic fraction from olive oil (OOHF) (1 ml) by gavage; group 4 received only OOHF by gavage. Exposure of rats to both aluminum and acrylamide provoked oxidative stress in lung tissue based on biochemical parameters and histopathological alterations. In fact, we have observed an increase in malondialdehyde (MDA), H2O2, and advanced oxidation protein product (AOPP) and a decrease in reduced glutathione (GSH), non-protein thiols (NPSH), and vitamin C levels. Activities of catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were also decreased. Histopathological changes in lung tissue were noted like emphysema, vascular congestion, and infiltration of inflammatory cells. A random DNA degradation was observed on agarose gel in the lung of AlCl3 and acrylamide (ACR)-treated rats. Co-administration of OOHF to treated rats improved biochemical parameters to near control values and lung histoarchitecture. The smear formation of genomic DNA was reduced. The hydrophilic fraction of extra virgin olive oil might provide a basis for developing a new dietary supplementation strategy in order to prevent lung tissue damage.

Antioxidant Property of the Egyptian Propolis Extract Versus Aluminum Silicate Intoxication on a Rat’s Lung: Histopathological Studies

“…It was found that the antioxidant activity of GSH, SOD and GST decreased after using AS at a low dose and that the inhibition of the antioxidant activity increased after using a high dose of AS due to the accumulation of free radicals that led to membrane fragility. This finding is in accordance with other authors' results [9,[28][29][30][31]. In our study, treating the models with the natural product, propolis extract, along with low and high doses of AS displayed an ameliorative response of the cellular antioxidant activity.…”

“…In the histopathological investigation, it was noticed that the rat lungs treated with a low dose of AS showed some blood vessel hemorrhage and numerous inflammatory granulated and non-granulated cells, such as neutrophils, alveolar macrophages and lymphocytes. At a high-dose of AS, it caused eosinophilia, the formation of hyaline casts inside the cores of lung bronchioles, edema, numerous lymphocytes, neutrophils, inflammatory granular cells, the appearance of fibroblastic spread, the accumulation of macrophages replacing lung tissues and the hemorrhage of blood vessels that pass through the pulmonary alveoli [29,30]. In previous studies, the evaluation of the action of silica on lung tissue was compatible with our results for the cytotoxicity of aluminum silicate [35,36].…”

“…Aluminum silicate (AS) is considered a causative agent of pulmonary cytotoxicity, which alters the alveolar matrix through oxidative stresses that are driven by an imbalance between oxidant and antioxidant defenses [9,[28][29][30][31]. In the current study, the inflammatory and the apoptotic effects were observed after using AS at both low and high doses.…”

Carnosic acid attenuates acrylamide-induced retinal toxicity in zebrafish embryos

“…In vivo studies in rodent models showed that ACR treatment caused increased ROS production in serum, lung and brain (Ghorbel et al, 2016;Lakshmi et al, 2012;Zhang et al, 2013). Our study also found that ACR-treated zebrafish embryos had a significant increase in ROS production (Fig.…”

Extra Virgin olive oil mitigates hematotoxicity induced by acrylamide and oxidative damage in adult rats

“…It has also been shown to have anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic, antihypertensive and vasodilatory effects in both animals and humans (14). The possible mechanism explaining the beneficial role of EVOO may be due to its contents of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) essentially oleic acid and polyphenols as reported by our previous studies (15,16). Data assessing the health effects of EVOO used as a dietary supplement after acrylamide treatment are lacking.…”