Dietary unripe apple polyphenol inhibits the development of food allergies in murine models

Abstract

The incidence of type I allergic disorders has been increasing worldwide, particularly, the hypersensitivity to food. We first showed that apple condensed tannin (ACT) intake would inhibit the development of the oral sensitization and that the inhibition could correlate with the rise in the population of TCRcd-T cells in the intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) using W/W V mice and B10A mice which were ovalbumin (OVA)-orally sensitized. Serum OVA-specific immunoglobulin E and immunoglobulin G1 titers in the OVA-orally sensitized W/W V and B10A mice ad libitium fed ACT were extremely inhibited compared to those of the control. The ACT intakes of OVA-sensitized W/W V and B10A mice inhibited the immediate reduction of the body temperature or the rise in serum histamine induced by active systemic anaphylaxis. The proportions of the TCRcd-T cells in the IEL of the OVA-orally sensitized W/W V and B10A mice ad libitium fed ACT were significantly greater than that in the controls. Furthermore, ACT feeding by itself could induce the rise in the percentage of the TCRcd-T cells among the IEL of the W/W V and B10A mice. This suggests that the ACT intake may prevent the development of food allergies and this effect could be correlated with the rise in the percentage of TCRcd-T cells among the IEL.

Select Plant Tannins Induce IL-2Rα Up-Regulation and Augment Cell Division in γδ T Cells

“…In this study, we found that the tissue-associated ␥␦ T cells in both human (V␦1 T cells) and bovine (CD8 ϩ ␥␦ T cells) respond to APP. Likewise, Akiyama et al (49) show that mouse mucosal ␥␦ T cells expand in response to apple-condensed tannins in vivo, which we have confirmed with in vitro assays (M.A. Jutila, unpublished results).…”

“…Interestingly, these illnesses are commonly associated with ␥␦ T cell regulatory activities (7,(51)(52)(53)(54), suggesting the described immunostimulatory properties of the Cat's Claw plant could be partially due to the activation of ␥␦ T cells. Preparations containing the apple-condensed tannins we described are also recognized for similar immunostimulatory properties (49,(55)(56)(57). These observations on the immunological effects of Cat's Claw and apple tannins support the prospect for condensed tannins to be used as a therapy to increase ␥␦ T cell function in innate immunity and wound healing.…”

“…However, in vivo studies in rats and mice demonstrate highdose oral administration without toxic effects. Apple tannins provided to mice ad libitium in their drinking water at 1.0% w/v lead to expansion of ␥␦ T cells in the gut mucosa, but this dose does not induce obvious toxicity (49). Furthermore, when APP is given orally to rats at concentrations up to 2000 mg/kg, all animals survive, gain body weight, and overt inflammation of the gut mucosa or any other organ is not observed over a 14-day period (71).…”

A diet enriched with cocoa prevents IgE synthesis in a rat allergy model

“…Some preclinical studies show the effect of dietary flavonoids on specific IgE production and allergic manifestations. In a model of food allergy induced in mice with OVA, the intake of apple condensed tannins, which are rich oligomeric flavanols, decreased serum OVA-specific IgE and IgG1 synthesis and inhibited the development of oral OVA sensitization [25]. Single flavonoids such as quercetin and silibinin administered p.o.…”

Influence of polyphenols on allergic immune reactions: mechanisms of action

“…A series of experimental studies have provided evidence that polyphenols are able to modulate intestinal immune responses. For instance, apple condensed tannins inhibited sensitisation to an oral antigen by increasing intestinal g-d T-cells (58) . Furthermore, polyphenols could decrease adhesion molecules on monocytes, while increasing their expression on Treg cells (59) .…”