Dietary tributyrin supplementation and submaximal exercise promote activation of equine satellite cells

Gonzalez, Madison L; Jacobs, R.D.; Ely, Kristine; Johnson, Sally

doi:10.1093/jas/skz330

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 42 publications

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“…Two weeks after the final injection (d 35 of the experiment) and 2 h post-prandial, all horses were fitted with a heart rate monitor (Polar Equine H10, Kempele, Finland) and performed a submaximal exercise test on a free run exerciser (EquiGym LLC, Paris, Kentucky). The exercise test parameters consisted of four repetitions of 6 min of walk (2 m/s), 14 min of trot (4 m/s), and 10 min of canter (8 m/s) with a change in direction between reps [28,29].…”

Section: Treatment and Exercisementioning

confidence: 99%

Intravenous Injection of Sodium Hyaluronate Diminishes Basal Inflammatory Gene Expression in Equine Skeletal Muscle

Gregg,

Barshick,

Johnson

2023

Animals

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Following strenuous exercise, skeletal muscle experiences an acute inflammatory state that initiates the repair process. Systemic hyaluronic acid (HA) is injected to horses routinely as a joint anti-inflammatory. To gain insight into the effects of HA on skeletal muscle, adult Thoroughbred geldings (n = 6) were injected with a commercial HA product weekly for 3 weeks prior to performing a submaximal exercise test. Gluteal muscle (GM) biopsies were obtained before and 1 h after exercise for gene expression analysis and HA localization. The results from RNA sequencing demonstrate differences in gene expression between non-injected controls (CON; n = 6) and HA horses. Prior to exercise, HA horses contained fewer (p < 0.05) transcripts associated with leukocyte activity and cytokine production than CON. The performance of exercise resulted in the upregulation (p < 0.05) of several cytokine genes and their signaling intermediates, indicating that HA does not suppress the normal inflammatory response to exercise. The transcript abundance for marker genes of neutrophils (NCF2) and macrophages (CD163) was greater (p < 0.05) post-exercise and was unaffected by HA injection. The anti-inflammatory effects of HA on muscle are indirect as no differences (p > 0.05) in the relative amount of the macromolecule was observed between the CON and HA fiber extracellular matrix (ECM). However, exercise tended (p = 0.10) to cause an increase in ECM size suggestive of muscle damage and remodeling. The finding was supported by the increased (p < 0.05) expression of CTGF, TGFβ1, MMP9, TIMP4 and Col4A1. Collectively, the results validate HA as an anti-inflammatory aid that does not disrupt the normal post-exercise muscle repair process.

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Section: Treatment and Exercisementioning

confidence: 99%

Intravenous Injection of Sodium Hyaluronate Diminishes Basal Inflammatory Gene Expression in Equine Skeletal Muscle

Gregg,

Barshick,

Johnson

2023

Animals

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Nutritional Influences on Skeletal Muscle and Muscular Disease

Urschel

McKenzie

2021

Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice

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Short Communication: Supplementation with calcium butyrate causes an increase in the percentage of oxidative fibers in equine gluteus medius muscle

Busse

Gonzalez

Wagner³

et al. 2022

Journal of Animal Science

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Optimal athletic performance requires meeting the energetic demands of the muscle fibers, which are a function of myosin ATPase enzymatic activity. Skeletal muscle with a predominant oxidative metabolism underlies equine athletic success. Sodium butyrate, a short-chain fatty acid, can affect muscle fiber composition in pigs. To determine if a similar scenario exists in horses, 12 adult Thoroughbred geldings (7.4 ± 0.6 yr of age; mean ± SEM) were fed 16 g of calcium butyrate (CB) or an equivalent amount of carrier (CON) daily for 30 d in a crossover design. Middle gluteal muscle biopsies were collected before and after the feeding trial for immunohistochemical determination of fiber type, and RNA and protein isolation. After 30 d, CB increased (P < 0.05) the percentage of type IIA fibers and tended (P = 0.13) to reduce the numbers of type IIX fibers in comparison to control (CON). No changes (P > 0.05) in type I, IIA, or IIX fiber size were observed in response to CB. No differences (P > 0.05) were noted in the abundance of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) protein or activity between horses receiving CB or CON. Myogenin mRNA abundance was unaffected (P > 0.05) by 30 d of CB supplementation. The increase in type IIA fibers in the absence of altered mitochondrial SDH enzymatic activity suggests that CB affects myosin ATPase expression independent of altered metabolism.

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Dietary tributyrin supplementation and submaximal exercise promote activation of equine satellite cells

Cited by 4 publications

References 42 publications

Intravenous Injection of Sodium Hyaluronate Diminishes Basal Inflammatory Gene Expression in Equine Skeletal Muscle

Intravenous Injection of Sodium Hyaluronate Diminishes Basal Inflammatory Gene Expression in Equine Skeletal Muscle

Nutritional Influences on Skeletal Muscle and Muscular Disease

Short Communication: Supplementation with calcium butyrate causes an increase in the percentage of oxidative fibers in equine gluteus medius muscle

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