Dietary taurine supplementation attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory responses and oxidative stress of broiler chickens at an early age

Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of taurine as a prophylactic treatment on antioxidant function and inflammatory responses of broilers challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). A total of 256 one-day-old male Arbor Acres broiler chicks were randomly assigned to 4 treatments with 8 replicates of 8 birds (8 birds/cage). Four treatment groups were designated as follows: 1) in the CON group, broilers fed a basal diet; 2) in the LPS group, LPS-challenged broilers fed a basal diet; 3) in the LPS + T1 group, LPS-challenged broilers fed a basal diet supplemented with 5.0 g/kg taurine; and 4) in the LPS + T2 group, LPS-challenged broilers fed a basal diet supplemented with 7.5 g/kg taurine. The LPS-challenged broilers were intraperitoneally injected with 1 mg/kg body weight (BW) of LPS at 16, 18, and 20 d of age, whereas the CON group received an injection of sterile saline. The results showed that broilers injected with LPS exhibited decreased (P < 0.05) the average daily gain (ADG) and the 21 d body weight (P < 0.05), while taurine supplementation alleviated the negative effects of LPS. Additionally, the LPS-induced increases (P < 0.05) in serum alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase activities were reversed by taurine supplementation. The taurines could alleviate the hepatic oxidative stress, with the presence of lower content of malondialdehyde (P < 0.05), higher content of glutathione (P < 0.05), and an increased glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity (P < 0.05). The concentrations of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the liver were measured by ELISA kits, and the result showed that dietary taurine supplementation prevented these cytokines increases in the liver of LPS-induced broilers. Taurine reduced the genes expression of IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase, whereas it boosted the expression levels of antioxidant-related genes (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, heme oxygenase-1, glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit, and GSH-Px) in the liver of LPS-induced broilers. In conclusion, dietary taurine supplementation in broilers mitigated LPS-induced defect in ADG, oxidative stress and inflammatory responses.

The influence of immune stress induced by Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide on the pharmacokinetics of danofloxacin in broilers

“…As the essential adrenocortical hormone in chickens, the CORT has been widely used as a critical indicator to measure the degree of stress in broilers ( Curtis et al, 1980 ). However, in the present study, its increase at 8 and 24 h was not statistically significant, which was inconsistent with some previous results ( Han et al, 2020 ; Zheng et al, 2020 ). In those studies ( Han et al, 2020 ; Zheng et al, 2020 ), taurine and pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium were supplemented to broiler feed to reduce the inflammatory responses caused by LPS.…”

“…However, in the present study, its increase at 8 and 24 h was not statistically significant, which was inconsistent with some previous results ( Han et al, 2020 ; Zheng et al, 2020 ). In those studies ( Han et al, 2020 ; Zheng et al, 2020 ), taurine and pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium were supplemented to broiler feed to reduce the inflammatory responses caused by LPS. Compared with taurine and pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium, danofloxacin might have a stronger ability to alleviate the secretion of these proinflammatory cytokines in chickens.…”

Evaluation of serum antioxidative status, immune status and intestinal condition of Linwu duck challenged by lipopolysaccharide with various dosages and replications

“…On the other hand, the minimum dosage of LPS showing negative effects on the poultry was uncertain. Some studies on broilers found that LPS over 0.5 mg/kg could trigger the declines in the growth, immune and oxidative stresses, along with the damages in the intestines ( Csernus et al., 2020 ; Han et al., 2020 ; Chen and Yu, 2021 ). However, few studies were available associated with the dosage effects of LPS on ducks.…”

The Impacts of Dietary Fermented Mao-tai Lees on Growth Performance, Plasma Metabolites, and Intestinal Microbiota and Metabolites of Weaned Piglets

“…Several AAs (e.g., Arg, glutamic acid, glycine, Pro, and leucine) participate in cell signal transmission and metabolic regulation ( Wu et al, 2014 ). The Tau, a sulfated compound synthesized by the eukaryotic host, could increase the ADG and hepatic antioxidant status, while relieve lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation of broiler chickens ( Han et al, 2020 ). A constant supply of sufficient AAs to living cells from the blood is required to ensure protein accretion in the skeletal muscle of growing pigs ( Regmi et al, 2016 ).…”