Dietary supplementation with l-arginine between days 14 and 25 of gestation enhances NO and polyamine syntheses and the expression of angiogenic proteins in porcine placentae

Elmetwally, Mohammed A; Li, Xilong; Johnson, Gregory A.; Burghardt, Robert C.; Herring, Cassandra M; Kramer, Avery C; Meininger, Cynthia J.; Bazer, Fuller W.

doi:10.1007/s00726-021-03097-2

Cited by 11 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…3,13,29,56,67–69 For example, dietary glutamate, glutamine, glycine, and proline protect the small intestine from oxidative stress and atrophy in weanling pigs, 2,55–57 whereas dietary arginine enhances placental water transport and nitric oxide (NO) synthesis, as well as embryonic and fetal survival in gestating swine. 69–71 Furthermore, a lack of glutamate or glutamine in diets results in high rates of mortality in juvenile hybrid-striped bass. 72 Thus, although poultry and swine nutritionists have adopted the “ideal protein” concept for animal feeding for over 60 and 40 years, respectively, the production performance and feed conversion efficiencies of swine and poultry remain suboptimum.…”

Section: Moving Beyond the “Ideal Protein” Conceptmentioning

confidence: 99%

The “ideal protein” concept is not ideal in animal nutrition

2022

Exp Biol Med (Maywood)

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Amino acids (AAs) are required for syntheses of proteins and low-molecular-weight substances with enormous physiological importance. Since 1912, AAs have been classified as nutritionally essential amino acids (EAAs) or nonessential amino acids (NEAAs) for animals. EAAs are those AAs that are either not synthesized or insufficiently synthesized de novo in the organisms. It was assumed that all NEAAs (now known as AAs that are synthesizable in animal cells de novo [AASAs]) were formed sufficiently in animals and were not needed in diets. However, studies over the past three decades have shown that sufficient dietary AASAs (e.g. glutamine, glutamate, glycine, and proline) are necessary for the maximum growth and optimum health of pigs, chickens, and fish. Thus, the concept of “ideal protein” (protein with an optimal EAA pattern that precisely meets the physiological needs of animals), which was originally proposed in the 1950s but ignored AASAs, is not ideal in animal nutrition. Ideal diets must provide all physiologically and nutritionally essential AAs. Improved patterns of AAs in diets for swine and chickens as well as zoo and companion animals have been proposed in recent years. Animal-sourced feedstuffs supply abundant EAAs and AASAs (including glutamate, glutamine, glycine, proline, 4-hydroxyproline, and taurine) for diets of swine, poultry, fish, and crustaceans to improve their growth, development, reproduction, and health, while sustaining global animal production. Nutritionists should move beyond the “ideal protein” concept to consider optimum ratios and amounts of all proteinogenic AAs in diets for mammals, birds, and aquatic animals, and, in the case of carnivores, also taurine.

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Section: Moving Beyond the “Ideal Protein” Conceptmentioning

confidence: 99%

The “ideal protein” concept is not ideal in animal nutrition

2022

Exp Biol Med (Maywood)

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“…Nutritional delivery to the fetus is determined by several essential parameters, including placental growth and development, utero-placental blood ow, nutrient availability, and placental metabolism and transport capacity (Dunlap et al, 2015). Previous research from Dr. Fuller W. Bazer's lab and others has highlighted the importance of amino acids and their metabolites in normal fetal growth and development, as well as the importance of amino acid transporters in nutrient delivery to the fetus (Elmetwally et al, 2022) .…”

Section: Fetal Membranementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The rst sample was collected in a plain tube without anticoagulant for immediate centrifugation at 3000 rpm for 15 minutes to separate serum, which was stored at -20°C for further biochemical analysis. In the meantime, the second blood sample was collected into a tube containing ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) as an anticoagulant and stored at -80°C for analysis of angiogenic protein translation according to (Elmetwally et al, 2018(Elmetwally et al, , 2020(Elmetwally et al, , and., 2022 Quantitative Real-time Pcr…”

Section: Blood Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictive biochemical and oxidative markers for dairy cows with and without retained fetal placenta

Elmetwally¹,

Shalapy

Montaser

2022

Preprint

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The changes in the expression profile of the angiogenicgenes and serum biomarkers were investigated in the cows with the retained placenta after normal parturition. Retained fetal membranes (RFM) are considered one of the main reproductive disorders in dairy cattle. Highlight the effects of Excede® (Ceftiofur Crystalline Free Acid: Zoetis, USA) in combination with Oxytocin (Oxytocin®, each ml contains 10 IU oxytocin, ADWIA, Egypt), Estrumate® (250µg cloprostenol: synthetic analogue of PGF2ά) and Flunixin Meglumine® (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug) on the reproductive performance in dairy cows. A total of 16 cows were allocated into two groups: group 1 (n = 8) the cows that have a normal loosed placenta, and group 2 (n = 8). The cows that have retained fetal membranes for more than 24 h after parturition. Blood with EDTA was collected from the tail vein for studying the expression of angiogenic proteins including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor1 (VEGFR1), and RANTES genes. Serum was collected at a one-week interval before/after parturition for the study of biochemical changes. The VEGF expression decreased ten folds in cows with retained than normally dropped placentae (p ˂ 0.0001). The vascular endothelial growth factor receptor2 (VEGFR2) showed a threefold increase in cows with normal loosed than retained placentae (p˂0.01). The RANTES was increased in cows with retained rather than normal placentae by about 7 folds (p˂0.01). Phosphorus and total proteins were significantly lower (p˂0.05) in RFM cows one week after parturition. The serum albumin, TG, HDL, and cholesterol were significantly lower (p˂0.05) in RFM before, at, and after parturition. CPK was significantly higher in RFM before, at, and after parturition (p˂0.05). Increased values of MDA and decreased values of CAT, SOD, and R-GSH were detected in the blood of cows suffering from RFM (p˂0.05). Reproductive performance parameters for all studied cows were days to first estrous, number of service per conception and pregnancy rate. All reproductive parameters demonstrated significant (P < 0.05) changes between treated animals. The translation of VEGF and its receptor and RANTESmRNA at the time of parturition in dairy cows could be proxy biomarkers for the prediction of retained fetal membranes (RFM). In the same line, the activity of total proteins, serum albumin, TG, HDL, cholesterol, and CPK would be useful in the prediction of the RFM in dairy cows. Altogether, the obtained results indicated that retained fetal membranes in cows could be treated successfully without any interference by systemic injection of cephalosporin with caring of temperature. The reproductive performance criteria for all cows studied were the time of first estrus, the number of services per conception, and pregnancy rates. All parameters of reproductive performance showed significant changes (P < 0.05) among the treated animals. The results also indicated that cephalosporin can be used by systemic injection to treat placental retention with caring of the animal's temperature.

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“…It can be noted that the health benefits of basic amino acids, including nitric oxide production and polyamine synthesis, have been reported in the literature. 27,28 A study by Beaumont et al, using a mixture of functional amino acids and polyphenol-rich grape seed extract on the weaning piglets, revealed the beneficial effects of gut microbiota modulation and intestinal epithelial homeostasis. 29 Further, the edible cationic species are known antimicrobial agents having enhanced self-promoted uptake, particularly by the Gram-negative bacteria that are highly prone to develop antimicrobial resistance (AMR).…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We envisaged that the excess amine moiety in basic amino acids could be exploited to form a zwitterion with CA and thereby impart water solubility to the latter. It can be noted that the health benefits of basic amino acids, including nitric oxide production and polyamine synthesis, have been reported in the literature. , A study by Beaumont et al. , using a mixture of functional amino acids and polyphenol-rich grape seed extract on the weaning piglets, revealed the beneficial effects of gut microbiota modulation and intestinal epithelial homeostasis .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Edible Acid–Base Complexes of Caffeic Acid with Histidine and Arginine Exhibit Enhanced Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Characteristics

Mude

Thakur

Balapure

et al. 2022

ACS Food Sci. Technol.

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Caffeic acid (CA), an edible plant-derived polyphenol, is known for its various beneficial characteristics such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory. Recently, our group reported a facile acid–base complexation of CA with dopamine (Dopa) to circumvent its poor water solubility. Despite the promising biological characteristics of the CA–Dopa complex, Dopa is permitted only for intravenous but not for oral administration. In the present study, to harness the advantages of CA toward nutraceuticals and food preservatives, we prepared complexes of CA with basic amino acids such as histidine and arginine. The edible as-prepared CA–amino acid complexes have been characterized using FT-IR, UV–visible, and 1H, 13C, and 2D 1H–1H NOESY NMR spectroscopic studies. In addition to the antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, the complexes have also shown high antioxidant characteristics as ascertained by 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) assay. Further, the in vitro cytotoxicity and superoxide dismutase studies over the mouse fibroblast cells have signified the biocompatibility and radical scavenging performance of the complexes. Finally, the α-amylase assay has shown non-interference of the CA–amino acid complexes in the metabolic function of the enzyme, and thereby proving their potential as edible additives in the pharmaceutic, food, and agro sectors.

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Dietary supplementation with l-arginine between days 14 and 25 of gestation enhances NO and polyamine syntheses and the expression of angiogenic proteins in porcine placentae

Cited by 11 publications

References 66 publications

The “ideal protein” concept is not ideal in animal nutrition

The “ideal protein” concept is not ideal in animal nutrition

Predictive biochemical and oxidative markers for dairy cows with and without retained fetal placenta

Edible Acid–Base Complexes of Caffeic Acid with Histidine and Arginine Exhibit Enhanced Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Characteristics

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