Dietary Supplementation of Potential Probiotics Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Synbiotic Improves Growth Performance and Immune Responses by Modulation in Intestinal System in Broiler Chicks Challenged with Salmonella Typhimurium

Fazelnia, Kambiz; Fakhraei, Jafar; Yarahmadi, Hossein Mansoori; Amini, Kumarss

doi:10.1007/s12602-020-09737-5

Cited by 22 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…However, the ADFI showed no difference between the EM-fed and non-EM-treated control chicks in both phases, which indicated that the EM supplementation could improve the feed conversion efficiency and led to the decrease of FCR. These findings agree with previous studies regarding the beneficial effects of EM and probiotics on the growth performance and gut health of partridge shank broiler chicks ( Chantsawang & Watcharangkul, 1999 ; Safalaoh, 2006 ; Alkhalf, Alhaj & Al-Homidan, 2010 ; Xu et al, 2014 ; Fazelnia et al, 2021 ). Chantsawang & Watcharangkul (1999) evaluated the effects of EM supplementation on 4 different types of poultry, and it was found that EM additive could significantly increase breast percentage in Muscovy duck, and decrease ash content of breast meat in Arbor Acers broiler chickens.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Vinayasree et al (2012) evaluated the effect of probiotic organisms on the performance of broilers, and found with the use of probiotics fecal coliform bacteria counted at the end of 6th week in experiment group were significantly lower when compared to the control groups. Fazelnia et al (2021) showed that the dietary supplementation of potential probiotics Bacillus subtilis , Bacillus licheniformis , and Saccharomyces cerevisiae and synbiotic improved the growth performance and immune responses of broiler chicks. Additionally, supplementation of synbiotic and probiotic alleviated the negative effects of S. typhimurium on growth and immunity of broiler chicks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of probiotic supplements on growth performance and intestinal microbiota of partridge shank broiler chicks

Wang

et al. 2021

PeerJ

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Background The benefits of probiotics being used in animals are well-documented via evidenced growth performance improvement and positive modulations of gut microbiota (GM). Thus, a combination of effective microorganisms (EM) has been frequently used in animal production, including broilers. However, there are only very limited reports of EM on the growth performance and the modulation in GM of partridge shank broiler chicks. Methods We attempted to evaluate the effects of a basal diet with the addition of an EM mixture on the growth performance and gut microbiome of the chicks. A total of 100 ten-day-old female partridge shank broiler chicks were randomly divided into two groups of 50 chicks each, of which, one group fed with EM supplementation in the basal diet (designated as EM-treated group), the other group just fed with a basal diet (referred as to non-EM treated group or control group). The body weight, daily feed intake, daily gain, feed conversion ratio and other growth parameters were observed and compared between EM-treated and non-EM-treated chicks, and the gut microbiota was profiled by 16S rRNA-based next generation sequencing (NGS). Results EM-treated chicks showed significantly increased performances in body weight (BW), average daily gain (ADG) and reduced feed conversion ratio (FCR). Histological observation indicated that dietary supplementation of EM significantly increased the villus heights (VH) and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth (VH/CD), while decreased the CD of jejunum, ilea, and ceca. The results of 16S rRNA-based gut microbiota analyses showed that Firmicutes accounted for the most of the relative abundance (63.24%∼92.63%), followed by Proteobacteria (0.62%∼23.94%), Bacteroidetes (0.80%∼7.85%), Actinobacteria (0.06%∼13.69%) and others in both EM-treated and non-EM-treated broiler chicks. The addition of EM could not alter the alpha diversity of gut microbiota. Compared with the non-EM-treated chicks, the abundances of bad bacteria in the phyla of Firmicutes, Euryarchaeota, and Ruminococcus were dramatically decreased in that of EM-treated chicks, while the abundances of good bacteria in the phyla of Actinobacteria and WPS-2 were significantly increased. Conclusions The supplementation of EM in feed could improve the growth performance and positively influence the morphological characteristics of the intestine, and ameliorate the community and structure of the intestinal microbiota of partridge shank broiler chicks.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of probiotic supplements on growth performance and intestinal microbiota of partridge shank broiler chicks

Wang

et al. 2021

PeerJ

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“…Serum immunoglobulins, especially IgA, IgG (its avian counterpart, IgY), and IgM that is produced by B cells, act as important parameters that to reflect the humoral immune status of animals, which relates to their important roles in immune function and providing resistance against various infections ( Carlier et al., 2016 ; Zhang et al., 2017 ; Balan et al., 2019 ). In previous studies, levels of IgY and IgA, or IgM in serum were increased in chickens fed with B. subtilis ( Bai et al., 2017 ) or B. licheniformis -supplemented diets ( Fazelnia et al., 2021 ). Our results concurred with previous research in which supplementation with B. subtilis or B. licheniformis significantly increased IgA, IgM and IgY concentrations in serum of broilers after 42 d, reflecting an improvement in immune function.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Effects of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis on growth performance, immunity, short chain fatty acid production, antioxidant capacity, and cecal microflora in broilers

Shen

et al. 2021

Poultry Science

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This study investigated the effects of dietary supplementation with Bacillus subtilis ( B. subtilis ) or Bacillus licheniformis ( B. licheniformis ) on growth performance, immunity, antioxidant capacity, short chain fatty acid ( SCFA ) production, and the cecal microflora in broiler chickens. In total, 360 male, 1-day-old Cobb 500 birds were randomly divided into 3 groups: the control group was fed a basal diet; the B. subtilis group was fed a basal diet supplemented with 1.5 × 10 9 CFU/kg B. subtilis ; the B. licheniformis group was fed a basal diet supplemented with 1.5 × 10 9 CFU/kg B. licheniformis . Results showed that chickens supplemented with either B. subtilis or B. licheniformis had comparatively higher ( P < 0.05) body weight and average daily gain, whereas no difference ( P > 0.05) was observed in feed efficiency. Concentrations of serum IgA, IgY, and IgM, as well as anti-inflammatory IL-10 were significantly increased ( P < 0.05), and proinflammatory IL-1β and IL-6 were significantly decreased ( P < 0.05) by B. subtilis or B. licheniformis supplementation. Moreover, chickens fed with diets supplemented by either B. subtilis or B. licheniformis had greater antioxidant capacity, indicated by the notable increases ( P < 0.05) in glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase, along with decrease ( P < 0.05) in malondialdehyde. Compared to the control group, levels of SCFA, excluding acetic and propionic acid, in cecal content had improved ( P < 0.05) by adding B. licheniformis, and significant increase ( P < 0.05) in acetic and butyric acid was observed with B. subtilis supplementation. Microbial analysis showed that both B. subtilis or B. licheniformis supplementation could increase butyrate-producing bacteria such as Alistipes and Butyricicoccus , and decrease pathogenic bacteria such as the Synergistetes and Gammaproteobacteria . In summary, dietary supplemented with B. subtilis or B. licheniformis improved growth performance, immune status, and antioxidant capacity, increased SCFA production, and modulated cecal microbiota in chickens. Moreover, B. licheniformis was more effective than B. subtilis ...

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“…Serum immunoglobulins, especially IgA, IgG, and IgM produced by B cells, are important parameters reflecting the humoral immune status of animals, which are related to their important role in immune function and providing resistance to various infections (32)(33)(34). In previous studies, levels of IgA and IgM were elevated in chickens fed with B. licheniformis (35). In this study, the contents of IgA, IgM, C3, and C4 of B. licheniformis group were increased compared with the CON group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Dietary Bacillus licheniformis Supplementation on Growth Performance and Microbiota Diversity of Pekin Ducks

Han

et al. 2022

Front. Vet. Sci.

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This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different concentrations of Bacillus licheniformis (B. licheniformis) on growth performance and microbiota diversity of Pekin ducks. Three hundred 1-day-old healthy Pekin ducks were randomly divided into 5 groups with 6 replicates per group and 10 ducks per replicate. The five treatments supplemented with basal diets containing: either 0 (group CON), 200 (group LLB), 400 (group MLB), and 800 (group HLB) mg/kg B. licheniformis or 150 mg/kg aureomycin (group ANT) for 42 days, respectively, and were sacrificed and sampled in the morning of the 42nd day for detection of relevant indexes. The results showed as follows: The feed conversion ratio of the LLB group and MLB groups were lower than the CON group (P < 0.05). The body weight and average daily feed intake of the MLB group were significantly higher than that of the CON group and ANT group (P < 0.05). Compared with the CON group, the MLB group significantly increased the content of IgA (P < 0.05) and proinflammatory IL-6 were significantly decreased (P < 0.05), besides, the activity of SOD and T-AOC were also significantly increased in the MLB group (P < 0.05). The 16S rRNA analysis showed that B. licheniformis treatments had no effect (P > 0.05) on the alpha diversities of the intestine. The addition of B. licheniformis had a dynamic effect on the abundance of cecal microflora of Pekin ducks, and 1-21 d increased the diversity of microflora, while 21d-42 d decreased it. Compared with the CON group, the relative abundance of Epsilonbacteraeota in the MLB group was significantly increased on Day 21 (P < 0.05), and that of Tenericutes in the LLB group was significantly increased as well (P < 0.05). At 42 d, the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes in LLB, MBL, HBL, and ANT groups was significantly increased (P < 0.05). In addition, the addition of B. licheniformis increased the amount of SCAF-producing bacteria in the intestinal microbiota, such as Lachnospiraceae, Collinsella, Christensenellaceae, and Bilophila. The PICRUSt method was used to predict the intestinal microbiota function, and it was found that lipid transport and metabolism of intestinal microbiota in the MLB group were significantly affected. Overall, these results suggest diet supplemented with B. licheniformis improved growth performance, immune status, antioxidant capacity, and modulated intestinal microbiota in Pekin ducks. The optimal dietary supplement dose is 400 mg/kg.

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Dietary Supplementation of Potential Probiotics Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Synbiotic Improves Growth Performance and Immune Responses by Modulation in Intestinal System in Broiler Chicks Challenged with Salmonella Typhimurium

Cited by 22 publications

References 42 publications

Effects of probiotic supplements on growth performance and intestinal microbiota of partridge shank broiler chicks

Effects of probiotic supplements on growth performance and intestinal microbiota of partridge shank broiler chicks

Effects of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis on growth performance, immunity, short chain fatty acid production, antioxidant capacity, and cecal microflora in broilers

Effect of Dietary Bacillus licheniformis Supplementation on Growth Performance and Microbiota Diversity of Pekin Ducks

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