Dietary Sugar and Artificial Sweetener Intake and Chronic Kidney Disease: A Review

Karalius, Vytas P.; Shoham, David A.

doi:10.1053/j.ackd.2012.12.005

Cited by 66 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…The consumption of more fruits and vegetables typically lowers the DAL [32,43]. In contrast, sugar consumption has been linked with an increase in uric acid levels, which in turn may promote kidney damage [44]. Thus, low SES might lead to greater CKD burden via this pathway [44,45].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary acid load and chronic kidney disease among adults in the United States

et al. 2014

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BackgroundDiet can markedly affect acid-base status and it significantly influences chronic kidney disease (CKD) and its progression. The relationship of dietary acid load (DAL) and CKD has not been assessed on a population level. We examined the association of estimated net acid excretion (NAEes) with CKD; and socio-demographic and clinical correlates of NAEes.MethodsAmong 12,293 U.S. adult participants aged >20 years in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2004, we assessed dietary acid by estimating NAEes from nutrient intake and body surface area; kidney damage by albuminuria; and kidney dysfunction by eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73m2 using the MDRD equation. We tested the association of NAEes with participant characteristics using median regression; while for albuminuria, eGFR, and stages of CKD we used logistic regression.ResultsMedian regression results (β per quintile) indicated that adults aged 40–60 years (β [95% CI] = 3.1 [0.3–5.8]), poverty (β [95% CI] = 7.1 [4.01–10.22]), black race (β [95% CI] = 13.8 [10.8–16.8]), and male sex (β [95% CI] = 3.0 [0.7- 5.2]) were significantly associated with an increasing level of NAEes. Higher levels of NAEes compared with lower levels were associated with greater odds of albuminuria (OR [95% CI] = 1.57 [1.20–2.05]). We observed a trend toward greater NAEes being associated with higher risk of low eGFR, which persisted after adjustment for confounders.ConclusionHigher NAEes is associated with albuminuria and low eGFR, and socio-demographic risk factors for CKD are associated with higher levels of NAEes. DAL may be an important target for future interventions in populations at high risk for CKD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary acid load and chronic kidney disease among adults in the United States

et al. 2014

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“…Thus, human studies have not yet established the direct cause-and-effect relationship between excessive fructose consumption and hypertension and kidney disease. HF diets have been used to generate animal models of hypertension and kidney disease [14,15,16]. Similar to the results of human studies [17,18], results of animal studies indicate that rats fed HF diet develop various features of metabolic syndrome, including hypertriglyceridemia, insulin resistance, obesity, hyperinsulinemia, and hypertension [16,19].…”

Section: Metabolic Effects Of Fructose On Renal Biology and Hypertmentioning

confidence: 95%

Maternal Fructose Intake Affects Transcriptome Changes and Programmed Hypertension in Offspring in Later Life

2016

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Hypertension originates from early-life insults by so-called “developmental origins of health and disease” (DOHaD). Studies performed in the previous few decades indicate that fructose consumption is associated with an increase in hypertension rate. It is emerging field that tends to unfold the nutrient–gene interactions of maternal high-fructose (HF) intake on the offspring which links renal programming to programmed hypertension. Reprogramming interventions counteract disturbed nutrient–gene interactions induced by maternal HF intake and exert protective effects against developmentally programmed hypertension. Here, we review the key themes on the effect of maternal HF consumption on renal transcriptome changes and programmed hypertension. We have particularly focused on the following areas: metabolic effects of fructose on hypertension and kidney disease; effects of maternal HF consumption on hypertension development in adult offspring; effects of maternal HF consumption on renal transcriptome changes; and application of reprogramming interventions to prevent maternal HF consumption-induced programmed hypertension in animal models. Provision of personalized nutrition is still a faraway goal. Therefore, there is an urgent need to understand early-life nutrient–gene interactions and to develop effective reprogramming strategies for treating hypertension and other HF consumption-related diseases.

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“…Investigators have proposed several mechanisms that link sugar consumption with CKD, including increased uric acid, diabetes, obesity and hypertension [7] .…”

Section: Micronutrientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Patterns and CKD Progression

2016

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Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients and their clinicians seek ways to mitigate the risk of CKD progression and its associated complications. Emerging data suggest that dietary modifications may be beneficial adjuvant approaches to reducing the risk of adverse CKD outcomes. Summary: This review focuses on several different dietary patterns, including the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension and Mediterranean diets, and their kidney health benefits. We discuss how healthful dietary patterns are lower in dietary acid load and how improving diet quality may slow the progression of CKD. We also discuss some barriers that may impede socially disadvantaged individuals from following healthful diets. Key Points: Dietary patterns low in dietary acid load might slow the progression of CKD. Current evidence suggests that a reduction in dietary acid load could be beneficial in patients with CKD, but the supremacy of any particular diet is yet to be established. Additional randomized controlled dietary interventions among CKD patients are needed to inform evidence-based recommendations, which can be tailored to an individual's preferences and ability to access healthful foods.

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Dietary Sugar and Artificial Sweetener Intake and Chronic Kidney Disease: A Review

Cited by 66 publications

References 61 publications

Dietary acid load and chronic kidney disease among adults in the United States

Dietary acid load and chronic kidney disease among adults in the United States

Maternal Fructose Intake Affects Transcriptome Changes and Programmed Hypertension in Offspring in Later Life

Dietary Patterns and CKD Progression

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