Dietary starch level and rumen-protected methionine, lysine, and histidine: Effects on milk yield, nitrogen, and energy utilization in dairy cows fed diets low in metabolizable protein

Zang, Y.; Silva, L.H.P.; Geng, Yucong; Ghelichkhan, M.; Whitehouse, N.L.; Miura, Makoto; Brito, A.F.

doi:10.3168/jds.2020-20094

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Such variability could also be due to the different length of RPL supplementation. Several studies, for instance, demonstrated that 90 d and 280 d RPL supplementation increased lactational performance [32,33] while shorter supplementation period produced inconsistent findings [11,23,55]. Our findings revealed that lactation stage influenced the outcome variables.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

“…Therefore, providing intestinally available Lys at this period would help meeting the needs of Lys for milk production as evident from several studies [10,62]. In mid-lactating cows, on the other hand, protected Lys and other AAs supplementation resulted in none to small effect on production traits as the cows have sufficient AA supply from the diet [21,23,80]. In this situation, it is not surprising if supplementary Lys or Met increased plasma Lys [23] but not milk protein yield because the plasma Lys is re-routed into body protein flux.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In mid-lactating cows, on the other hand, protected Lys and other AAs supplementation resulted in none to small effect on production traits as the cows have sufficient AA supply from the diet [21,23,80]. In this situation, it is not surprising if supplementary Lys or Met increased plasma Lys [23] but not milk protein yield because the plasma Lys is re-routed into body protein flux. Studies have observed a decrease of Lys and Met efficiencies for milk protein synthesis especially when the supplemental doses exceed the requirement, as previously suggested [1,5].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…RPM, on the other hand, was demonstrated to linearly increase milk production in a recent meta-analysis [17], although they also provided evidence that RPM did not improve milk production in a discrete analysis. Furthermore, it was suggested that feeding RPLM is more promising to improve production traits and efficiency [18][19][20], but growing numbers of studies also pointed out little to non-substantial response to RPLM supplementation [21][22][23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relationships between dietary rumen-protected lysine and methionine with the lactational performance of dairy cows — A meta-analysis

Irawan,

Sofyan,

Wahyono

et al. 2023

Anim Biosci

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Objective: Our objective was to examine the relationships of supplemental rumen-protected lysine (RPL) or lysine + methionine (RPLM) on lactational performance, plasma amino acids (AA) concentration, and nitrogen use efficiency of lactating dairy cows by using a meta-analysis approach.Methods: A total of 56 articles comprising 77 experiments with either RPL or RPLM supplementation were selected and analyzed using a mixed model methodology by considering the treatments and other potential covariates as fixed effects and different experiments as random effects.Results: In early lactating cows, milk yield was linearly increased by RPL (β1 = 0.013; p<0.001) and RPLM (β1 = 0.014; p<0.028) but 3.5% fat-corrected milk (FCM) and energy-corrected milk (ECM) (kg/d) was increased by only RPL. RPL and RPLM did not affect dry matter intake (DMI) but positively increased (p<0.05) dairy efficiency (Milk yield/DMI and ECM/DMI). As a percentage, milk fat, protein, and lactose were unchanged by RPL or RPLM but the yield of all components was increased (p<0.05) by feeding RPL while only milk protein was increased by feeding RPLM. Plasma Lys concentration was linearly increased (p<0.05) with increasing supplemental RPL while plasma Met increased (p<0.05) by RPLM supplementation. The increase in plasma Lys had a strong linear relationship (R2 = 0.693 in the RPL dataset and R2 = 0.769 in the RPLM dataset) on milk protein synthesis (g/d) during early lactation. Nitrogen metabolism parameters were not affected by feeding RPL or RPLM, either top-dress or when supplemented to deficient diets. Lactation performance did not differ between AA-deficient or AA-adequate diets in response to RPL or RPLM supplementation.Conclusion: RPL or RPLM showed a positive linear relationship on the lactational performance of dairy cows whereas greater improvement effects were observed during early lactation. Supplementing RPL or RPLM is recommended on deficient-AA diet but not on adequate-AA diet.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relationships between dietary rumen-protected lysine and methionine with the lactational performance of dairy cows — A meta-analysis

Irawan,

Sofyan,

Wahyono

et al. 2023

Anim Biosci

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“…This may be because of the amount of nutrient intake and their high digestibility. Greater starch and WSC intake in cows fed MZS-based and HSS-based diets ( Table 4 ) may have increased milk production by increasing the proportion of ruminal propionate ( Table 6 ), a glucogenic precursor [ 38 ]. Furthermore, a greater net energy for lactation associated with the MZS and HSS diets rather than with the FSS diet (1.68 Mcal/kg and 1.72 Mcal/kg vs. 1.39 Mcal/kg) may help explain the observed differences in milk yields.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Sweet and Forge Sorghum Silages Compared to Maize Silage without Additional Grain Supplement on Lactation Performance and Digestibility of Lactating Dairy Cows

Zhang,

Wang,

et al. 2024

Animals

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This study investigated the effects of replacing maize silage (MZS) with high-sugar sorghum silage (HSS) or forage sorghum silage (FSS) without additional grain supplement in the diets of dairy cows on nutrient digestibility, milk composition, nitrogen (N) use, and rumen fermentation. Twenty-four Chinese Holstein cows (545 ± 42.8 kg; 21.41 ± 0.62 kg milk yield; 150 ± 5.6 days in milk) were randomly assigned to three dietary treatments (n = 8 cows/treatment). The cows were fed ad libitum total mixed rations containing (dry matter basis) either 40% MZS (MZS-based diet), 40% HSS (HSS-based diet), or 40% FSS (FSS-based diet). The study lasted for 42 days, with 14 days devoted to adaptation, 21 days to daily feed intake and milk production, and 7 days to the sampling of feed, refusals, feces, urine, and rumen fluid. Milk production was measured twice daily, and digestibility was estimated using the method of acid-insoluble ash. The data were analyzed using a one-way ANOVA in SPSS 22.0 according to a completely randomized design. Dietary treatments were used as fixed effects and cows as random effects. The results indicate that MZS and HSS had greater crude protein but less neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), acid detergent lignin (ADL), and a lower pH than FSS (p ≤ 0.04). High starch contents in MZS and water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC) contents in HSS were observed (p < 0.01). While the highest starch intake was observed for the MZS-based diet, the highest WSC intake was noted for the HSS-based diet, and the highest NDF, ADF, ADL intake was observed for the FSS-based diet (p ≤ 0.05). The diets, including MZS and HSS, had greater digestibility than that of FSS (p ≤ 0.03). Feeding MZS- and HSS-based diets increased the yield, fat, and protein content of the milk, as well as feed conversion efficiency (p ≤ 0.03). However, feeding the MZS- and HSS-based diets decreased the contents of milk urea N, urinary urea N, and urinary N excretion more than the FSS-based diet (p ≤ 0.05). The N use efficiency tended to increase relative to diets containing MZS and HSS compared with FSS (p = 0.06 and p = 0.09). Ruminal ammonia-N and pH were lower, but total volatile fatty acids, acetate, and propionate were higher in cows fed the HSS- and MZS-based diets compared to those fed the FSS-based diet (p ≤ 0.03). It appears as though replacing MZS with HSS in the diet of cows without additional grain supplements has no negative influence on feed intake, milk yield, N utilization, or ruminal fermentation.

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Diets supplementation with Bacillus subtilis and Macleaya cordata extract improve production performance and the metabolism of energy and nitrogen, while reduce enteric methane emissions in dairy cows

Jia

Yan

Liu

et al. 2022

Animal Feed Science and Technology

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Dietary starch level and rumen-protected methionine, lysine, and histidine: Effects on milk yield, nitrogen, and energy utilization in dairy cows fed diets low in metabolizable protein

Cited by 10 publications

References 52 publications

Relationships between dietary rumen-protected lysine and methionine with the lactational performance of dairy cows — A meta-analysis

Relationships between dietary rumen-protected lysine and methionine with the lactational performance of dairy cows — A meta-analysis

Effects of Sweet and Forge Sorghum Silages Compared to Maize Silage without Additional Grain Supplement on Lactation Performance and Digestibility of Lactating Dairy Cows

Diets supplementation with Bacillus subtilis and Macleaya cordata extract improve production performance and the metabolism of energy and nitrogen, while reduce enteric methane emissions in dairy cows

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