Dietary Short-Term Fiber Interventions in Arthritis Patients Increase Systemic SCFA Levels and Regulate Inflammation

Dürholz, Kerstin; Hofmann, Jörg; Iljazović, Aida; Häger, Julian; Lucas, Sébastien; Sarter, Kerstin; Strowig, Till; Bang, Holger; Rech, Jürgen; Schett, Georg; Zaiss, Mario M.

doi:10.3390/nu12103207

Cited by 50 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 56 publications

(64 reference statements)

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“…Even though no causal link with host-microbiota has been established, the available evidence supports the hypothesis that dysbiosis in the oral and gut microbiota plays a role in the development of rheumatoid arthritis (Zhang et al, 2015;Maeda and Takeda, 2019). Durholz and others established that a durable Firmicutes-to-Bacteroidota ratio that lasted for over 40 days after the fiber intervention reduced proinflammatory cytokines IL-18 while increasing circulating Tregs in rheumatoid arthritis patients (Dürholz et al, 2020) and that a shift of microbial community in favor of Bacteroidota over Firmicutes was associated with low short-chain fatty acids and increased pro-inflammatory response (Dürholz et al, 2020). In agreement, the microbial data used in this analysis revealed that species belonging to the Bacteroides including Bacteroides stercoris, Bacteroides sp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Oral and Gut Microbial Carbohydrate-Active Enzymes Landscape in Health and Disease

et al. 2021

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Inter-individual variability in the microbial gene complement encoding for carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) can profoundly regulate how the host interacts with diverse carbohydrate sources thereby influencing host health. CAZy-typing, characterizing the microbiota-associated CAZyme-coding genes within a host individual, can be a useful tool to predict carbohydrate pools that the host can metabolize, or identify which CAZyme families are underrepresented requiring supplementation via microbiota transplantation or probiotics. CAZy-typing, moreover, provides a novel framework to search for disease biomarkers. As a proof of concept, we used publicly available metagenomes (935) representing 310 type strain bacterial genomes to establish the link between disease status and CAZymes in the oral and gut microbial ecosystem. The abundance and distribution of 220 recovered CAZyme families in saliva and stool samples from patients with colorectal cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, and type 1 diabetes were compared with healthy subjects. Based on the multivariate discriminant analysis, the disease phenotype did not alter the CAZyme profile suggesting a functional conservation in carbohydrate metabolism in a disease state. When disease and healthy CAZyme profiles were contrasted in differential analysis, CAZyme markers that were underrepresented in type 1 diabetes (15), colorectal cancer (12), and rheumatoid arthritis (5) were identified. Of interest, are the glycosyltransferase which can catalyze the synthesis of glycoconjugates including lipopolysaccharides with the potential to trigger inflammation, a common feature in many diseases. Our analysis has also confirmed the expansive carbohydrate metabolism in the gut as evidenced by the overrepresentation of CAZyme families in the gut compared to the oral site. Nevertheless, each site exhibited specific CAZyme markers. Taken together, our analysis provides an insight into the CAZyme landscape in health and disease and has demonstrated the diversity in carbohydrate metabolism in host-microbiota which can be a sound basis for optimizing the selection of pre, pro, and syn-biotic candidate products.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Oral and Gut Microbial Carbohydrate-Active Enzymes Landscape in Health and Disease

et al. 2021

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“…The impact of dietary fibers on the composition and metabolic activity of the gut microbiome further contributes to the anti-inflammatory effect of vegetarian, vegan or Mediterranean diets. In RA patients, a high-fiber diet increases anti-inflammatory shortchain fatty acids, decreases pro-inflammatory cytokines, and favorably alters the gut microbiome composition [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Anti-Inflammatory Diets on Pain in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

et al. 2021

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Various nutritional therapies have been proposed in rheumatoid arthritis, particularly diets rich in ω-3 fatty acids, which may lead to eicosanoid reduction. Our aim was to investigate the effect of potentially anti-inflammatory diets (Mediterranean, vegetarian, vegan, ketogenic) on pain. The primary outcome was pain on a 10 cm visual analogue scale. Secondary outcomes were C-reactive protein levels, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, health assessment questionnaire, disease activity score 28, tender/swollen joint counts, weight, and body mass index. We searched MEDLINE (OVID), Embase (Elsevier), and CINAHL for studies published from database inception to 12 November 2021. Two authors independently assessed studies for inclusion, extracted study data, and assessed the risk of bias. We performed a meta-analysis with all eligible randomized controlled trials using RevMan 5. We used mean differences or standardized mean differences and the inverse variance method of pooling using a random-effects model. The search retrieved 564 unique publications, of which we included 12 in the systematic review and 7 in the meta-analysis. All studies had a high risk of bias and the evidence was very low. The main conclusion is that anti-inflammatory diets resulted in significantly lower pain than ordinary diets (−9.22 mm; 95% CI −14.15 to −4.29; p = 0.0002; 7 RCTs, 326 participants).

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“…In addition to preclinical models, similar observations were reported following nutritional SCFAs supplementation in healthy humans [ 9 ] and individuals with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) [ 13 , 14 ]. In line with this, it is interesting to mention that several studies linked the composition of the gut microbiome to inflammatory bone loss in RA [ 15 , 16 ], spondyloarthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis [ 17 , 18 , 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Dietary Derived Propionate Regulates Pathogenic Fibroblast Function and Ameliorates Experimental Arthritis and Inflammatory Tissue Priming

et al. 2021

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Short-chain fatty acids are gut-bacteria-derived metabolites that execute important regulatory functions on adaptive immune responses, yet their influence on inflammation driven by innate immunity remains understudied. Here, we show that propionate treatment in drinking water or upon local application into the joint reduced experimental arthritis and lowered inflammatory tissue priming mediated by synovial fibroblasts. On a cellular level, incubation of synovial fibroblasts with propionate or a physiological mixture of short-chain fatty acids interfered with production of inflammatory mediators and migration and induced immune-regulatory fibroblast senescence. Our study suggests that propionate mediates its alleviating effect on arthritis by direct abrogation of local arthritogenic fibroblast function.

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Dietary Short-Term Fiber Interventions in Arthritis Patients Increase Systemic SCFA Levels and Regulate Inflammation

Cited by 50 publications

References 56 publications

Oral and Gut Microbial Carbohydrate-Active Enzymes Landscape in Health and Disease

Oral and Gut Microbial Carbohydrate-Active Enzymes Landscape in Health and Disease

Effect of Anti-Inflammatory Diets on Pain in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Dietary Derived Propionate Regulates Pathogenic Fibroblast Function and Ameliorates Experimental Arthritis and Inflammatory Tissue Priming

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