Dietary Restriction of Saturated Fat and Cholesterol Decreases HDL ApoA-I Secretion

Vélez-Carrasco, Wanda; Lichtenstein, Alice H.; Welty, Francine K.; Li, Zhengling; Lamon‐Fava, Stefania; Dolnikowski, Gregory; Schaefer, Ernst J.

doi:10.1161/01.atv.19.4.918

Cited by 55 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Concerning the higher HDL cholesterol content in HFD fed animals, despite the fact that dietary saturated fat intake has been associated with increased plasma cholesterol (particularly LDL), paradoxically, saturated fat intake has also been related with elevated HDLc plasma levels 33 . In this regard, it has been observed that low saturated fat and cholesterol intake reduced apolipoprotein A1 secretion 34 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fat intake leads to differential response of rat adipocytes to glucose, insulin and ascorbic acid

García-Díaz

Campión

Arellano

et al. 2012

Exp Biol Med (Maywood)

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Antioxidant-based treatments have emerged as novel and interesting approaches to counteract fat accumulation in obesity and associated metabolic disturbances. Adipocytes from rats that were fed on chow or high-fat diet (HFD) for 50 d were isolated (primary adipocytes) and incubated (72 h) on low (LG; 5.6 mmol/L) or high (HG; 25 mmol/L) glucose levels, in the presence or absence of 1.6 nmol/L insulin and 200 μmol/L vitamin C (VC). Adipocytes from HFD-fed animals presented lower insulin-induced glucose uptake, lower lactate and glycerol release, and lower insulin-induced secretion of some adipokines as compared with controls. HG treatment restored the blunted response to insulin regarding apelin secretion in adipocytes from HFD-fed rats. VC treatment inhibited the levels of nearly all variables, irrespective of the adipocytes’ dietary origin. The HG treatment reduced adipocyte viability, and VC protected from this toxic effect, although more drastically in control adipocytes. Summing up, in vivo chow or HFD intake determines a differential response to insulin and glucose treatments that appears to be dependent on the insulin-resistance status of the adipocytes, while VC modifies some responses from adipocytes independently of the previous dietary intake of the animals.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fat intake leads to differential response of rat adipocytes to glucose, insulin and ascorbic acid

García-Díaz

Campión

Arellano

et al. 2012

Exp Biol Med (Maywood)

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“…It is conceivable that women may adapt HDL metabolism to shifts in dietary fat and carbohydrate more readily than men (eg, see Reference 40). The HDL rise and fall may represent a protective adaptation to fat feeding that is stronger in women than in men over the long term (as suggested by Vélez-Carrasco et al 48 ). Finally, Brinton et al 49 have speculated that the low fat diet-induced reduction in HDL-C is benign because it is associated with a reduction in apoA-I entry, whereas individuals with primary reductions in HDL-C have enhanced apoA-I removal.…”

Section: Walden Et Al Hdl Andmentioning

confidence: 90%

Differential Effect of National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Step II Diet on HDL Cholesterol, Its Subfractions, and Apoprotein A-I Levels in Hypercholesterolemic Women and Men After 1 Year

Walden

Retzlaff

Buck

et al. 2000

ATVB

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Abstract-We previously reported that high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) decreases more in hypercholesterolemic (HC) women than in HC men ingesting an National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP)Step II diet for 6 months. We examined these subjects to determine whether the differential HDL-C reduction persists after 12 months and whether it is associated with decreased HDL 2 -C and apoprotein A-I. Subjects were screened from an industrial workforce and were defined as HC if 2 low density lipoprotein cholesterol measurements were Ն75th percentile or defined as combined hyperlipidemic (CHL) if triglycerides were also Ն75th percentile. The subjects were then taught the NCEP Step II diet in 8 weekly classes and counseled quarterly. Seventy-three HC and 92 CHL women (mean ages 43 and 44 years, respectively) and 112 HC and 106 CHL men (ages 45 and 41 years, respectively) were studied. All groups reported similar total fat (24% to 26% kcal) and saturated fat (7.1% to 7.9% kcal) intakes at 1 year. HDL-C decreased 7.6% in HC women (PϽ0.01), exceeding the nonsignificant 1.3% decrease in HC men (Pϭ0.000). HDL 2 -C decreased 16.7% in HC women (PϽ0.01) compared with the nonsignificant 0.5% increase in HC men (Pϭ0.000). In CHL women and men, HDL-C decreased 3.5% and 3.9% (both PϽ0.01); HDL 2 -C decreased more in women (7.1%, PϽ0.01) than in men (4.3%, a nonsignificant difference). Apoprotein A-I decreased significantly (5.3%, PϽ0.01) in HC women only. Plasma triglycerides were unchanged. Low density lipoprotein cholesterol and weight changes were not different among the 4 groups. HDL-C, HDL 2 -C, and apoprotein A-I levels decreased more in HC women than in HC men after following the NCEP Step II diet for 1 year, continuing a trend observed with HDL-C at 6 months. The total HDL-C and HDL 2 -C reductions narrow the baseline differences between men and women by 50%. Whether this reduction impacts women's protection from cardiovascular disease deserves future study. Nonetheless, the results point to sex-based differences in intrahepatic glucose and fatty acid metabolism linked to alterations in HDL formation and removal. Key Words: hypercholesterolemia Ⅲ combined hyperlipidemia Ⅲ HDL cholesterol Ⅲ apoA-I Ⅲ low fat diet H eart disease is the most common cause of death in women and men in the United States. 1 Hypercholesterolemia is a major modifiable cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor in both sexes. [2][3][4] Dietary modification to lower LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) is the primary strategy for the population-based reduction in CVD risk. 5,6 The National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) recommends reducing saturated fat intake in 2 steps, to Ͻ10% of calories (step I) and Ͻ7% of calories (step II), in the initial management of individuals with hypercholesterolemia, regardless of sex, before instituting pharmacological measures. 6 Recently, we reported sex-equivalent reductions in LDL-C but significantly greater HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) reductions in hypercholesterolemic (HC) women compared with men 6 months after inst...

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“…None of the measures of fat intake was associated with HDL-cholesterol (Thorogood et al, 1990). There is good evidence that the replacement of fats by carbohydrates is associated with a decrease of HDLcholesterol (Vélez-Carrasco et al, 1999). The effect is Giessen Wholesome Nutrition Study I Hoffmann et al strongest for the replacement of saturated fatty acids by carbohydrates but also seen for the replacement of monoand polyunsaturated fatty acids (Katan, 1998).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Giessen Wholesome Nutrition Study: relation between a health-conscious diet and blood lipids

et al. 2001

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Objective: To study in humans the relationship between a diet consistent with most of the current recommendations for the prevention of nutrition-related diseases (Wholesome Nutrition) and the blood lipid profile (total cholesterol, LDL-, HDL-cholesterol, LDL=HDL-ratio, triglycerides). Design: Cross-sectional study with two diet groups. Setting: Former West Germany. Subjects: Healthy women (n ¼ 243, aged 25 -65 y) adhering to Wholesome Nutrition for at least 5 y (subdivided into 111 ovo-lacto vegetarians and 132 low-meat eaters) and an according control group of 175 women eating an average German mixed diet. They were all recruited through an advertisement campaign and selected on the basis of their food consumption. Results: Considering potential confounders, the Wholesome Nutrition subgroups had higher HDL-cholesterol levels than the control group. No differences were observed for total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol. For LDL=HDL-ratio and triglycerides the effect of diet was dependent on interaction terms. With increasing risk factors (age or body mass index (BMI)) the Wholesome Nutrition subgroups showed more favourable blood lipids. Conclusions: Women eating a preventive diet on a long-term basis exhibit more favourable blood lipid profiles than women consuming an average mixed diet. This is particularly obvious for HDL-cholesterol in the presence of certain risk factors and when an ovo-lacto vegetarian version is practised.

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Dietary Restriction of Saturated Fat and Cholesterol Decreases HDL ApoA-I Secretion

Cited by 55 publications

References 41 publications

Fat intake leads to differential response of rat adipocytes to glucose, insulin and ascorbic acid

Fat intake leads to differential response of rat adipocytes to glucose, insulin and ascorbic acid

Differential Effect of National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Step II Diet on HDL Cholesterol, Its Subfractions, and Apoprotein A-I Levels in Hypercholesterolemic Women and Men After 1 Year

Giessen Wholesome Nutrition Study: relation between a health-conscious diet and blood lipids

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