Dietary recommendations for the prevention of depression

Opie, Rachelle; Itsiopoulos, Catherine; Parletta, Natalie; Sánchez‐Villegas, Almudena; Akbaraly, Tasnime; Ruusunen, Anu; Jacka, Felice N.

doi:10.1179/1476830515y.0000000043

Cited by 204 publications

(170 citation statements)

References 97 publications

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“…Instead of supplementing omega-3 fatty acids as discussed in the next paragraph, the most (physio)logical way to increase omega-3 fatty acid concentrations would be to eat more omega-3 fatty acids (e.g., fatty fish) and less omega-6 fatty acids. Several dietary trials are underway in psychiatric disorders, some already show potential of dietary modification, including increasing omega-3 fatty acid intake, e.g., from nuts and fish (Berk et al 2013;Sarris et al 2015;Opie et al 2016). For example, in depression, a relatively well-conducted 12-week single blind randomized controlled trial of an adjunctive dietary intervention vs. a social support protocol showed a number needed to treat of 4.1 for remission (Jacka et al 2017).…”

Section: Clinical Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Focus on fatty acids in the neurometabolic pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders

Mocking

Assies

Ruhé

et al. 2018

J of Inher Metab Disea

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Continuous research into the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders, such as major depressive disorder (MDD), posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and schizophrenia, suggests an important role for metabolism. This narrative review will provide an upto-date summary of how metabolism is thought to be involved in the pathophysiology of these psychiatric disorders. We will focus on (I) the important role of fatty acids in these metabolic alterations, (II) whether fatty acid alterations represent epiphenomena or risk factors, and (III) similarities and dissociations in fatty acid alterations between different psychiatric disorders. (Historical) epidemiological evidence links fatty acid intake to psychiatric disorder prevalence, corroborated by altered fatty acid concentrations measured in psychiatric patients. These fatty acid alterations are connected with other concomitant pathophysiological mechanisms, including biological stress (hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA)-axis and oxidative stress), inflammation, and brain network structure and function. Metabolomics and lipidomics studies are underway to more deeply investigate this complex network of associated neurometabolic alterations. Supplementation of fatty acids as disease-modifying nutraceuticals has clinical potential, particularly add-on eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in depressed patients with markers of increased inflammation. However, by interpreting the observed fatty acid alterations as partly (mal)adaptive phenomena, we attempt to nuance translational expectations and provide new clinical applications for these novel neurometabolic insights, e.g., to predict treatment response or depression recurrence. In conclusion, placing fatty acids in context can contribute to further understanding and optimized treatment of psychiatric disorders, in order to diminish their overwhelming burden of disease.

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Section: Clinical Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Focus on fatty acids in the neurometabolic pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders

Mocking

Assies

Ruhé

et al. 2018

J of Inher Metab Disea

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“…Fittingly, a set of dietary recommendations for the prevention of depression was recently issued by a group of Australian and European investigators. 24 These recommendations, however, do not seem to be specific to depression as they are similar to the general recommendations for a healthy diet. The recommendation to eat fruits and vegetables for the prevention of depression noted by Opie et al 24 is supported by the results of a recent meta-analysis of observational studies involving over 200,000 individuals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…24 These recommendations, however, do not seem to be specific to depression as they are similar to the general recommendations for a healthy diet. The recommendation to eat fruits and vegetables for the prevention of depression noted by Opie et al 24 is supported by the results of a recent meta-analysis of observational studies involving over 200,000 individuals. 25 An earlier publication by Opie et al 26 concluded that “effective dietary interventions were based on a single delivery mode, employed a dietitian and were less likely to recommend reducing red meat intake, select leaner meat products or follow a low-cholesterol diet.” 26 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the potential antidepressant effects of soybean isoflavones

Messina

Gleason²

2016

Menopause

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Objective To determine whether isoflavones affect depressive symptoms in women. Methods Literature searches were conducted to identify clinical and epidemiologic studies that evaluated the impact of soy intake and isoflavone exposure on depressive symptoms. References from identified studies were also evaluated to identify eligible studies. Results Only limited epidemiologic research has evaluated the impact of soy or isoflavone intake on depression although several studies from China and Japan did find soy product intake was inversely related to risk of depression. However, often times, soy was evaluated only as a component of a summative dietary pattern (e.g., a “Japanese” or “Healthy” diet). Of the 20 intervention studies identified, roughly half found statistically significant reductions in depressive symptoms in response to isoflavones although several had design weakness. Of those studies reporting a lack of antidepressant effects of isoflavones, design limitations likely contributed to the lack of efficacy. In all but two trials, assessment of depression was, however, a secondary outcome. It is notable that both trials in which depression was a primary outcome found isoflavones significantly improved symptoms. Conclusions Although the data are inconsistent and limited, the clinical and epidemiologic evidence suggests that isoflavones may offer a safe, well-tolerated option for management of depression. Furthermore, the intervention doses used in the clinical studies fall well within the dietary range. The extant literature reveals key design features for future studies, which based upon the results of this review, are clearly warranted.

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“…In addition, preliminary prospective data indicate that the consumption of certain nutrients like red meat [196] and even milk [197] may confer a higher risk of developing depression. The recognition that diet is a key driver of gut health, as well as inflammation and oxidative stress, highlights the likely importance of the gut in mediating the association between diet and MDD [198] and points to the utility of targeting dietary quality to improve gut health and resulting disease states, including MDD [199,200] , IBS [201] , and metabolic disorders [202,203] . For instance, alterations in the abundance of Roseburia , which has been noted in MDD, IBS, CFS, and obesity [10,105,204,205] , can be decreased by low-fat, high-complex carbohydrate diets [206] .…”

Section: The Potential Of Dietary Change To Benefit Gut Permeability mentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut Microbiota, Bacterial Translocation, and Interactions with Diet: Pathophysiological Links between Major Depressive Disorder and Non-Communicable Medical Comorbidities

Slyepchenko

Maes

Jacka

et al. 2016

Psychother Psychosom

211

136

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Background: Persistent low-grade immune-inflammatory processes, oxidative and nitrosative stress (O&NS), and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activation are integral to the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD). The microbiome, intestinal compositional changes, and resultant bacterial translocation add a new element to the bidirectional interactions of the gut-brain axis; new evidence implicates these pathways in the patho-aetiology of MDD. In addition, abnormalities in the gut-brain axis are associated with several chronic non-communicable disorders, which frequently co-occur in individuals with MDD, including but not limited to irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), obesity, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: We searched the PubMed/MEDLINE database up until May 1, 2016 for studies which investigated intestinal dysbiosis and bacterial translocation (the ‘leaky gut') in the pathophysiology of MDD and co-occurring somatic comorbidities with an emphasis on IBS, CFS, obesity, and T2DM. Results: The composition of the gut microbiota is influenced by several genetic and environmental factors (e.g. diet). Several lines of evidence indicate that gut-microbiota-diet interactions play a significant pathophysiological role in MDD and related medical comorbidities. Gut dysbiosis and the leaky gut may influence several pathways implicated in the biology of MDD, including but not limited to immune activation, O&NS, and neuroplasticity cascades. However, methodological inconsistencies and limitations limit comparisons across studies. Conclusions: Intestinal dysbiosis and the leaky gut may constitute a key pathophysiological link between MDD and its medical comorbidities. This emerging literature opens relevant preventative and therapeutic perspectives.

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Dietary recommendations for the prevention of depression

Cited by 204 publications

References 97 publications

Focus on fatty acids in the neurometabolic pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders

Focus on fatty acids in the neurometabolic pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders

Evaluation of the potential antidepressant effects of soybean isoflavones

Gut Microbiota, Bacterial Translocation, and Interactions with Diet: Pathophysiological Links between Major Depressive Disorder and Non-Communicable Medical Comorbidities

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