Dietary Protein and Amino Acid Supplementation in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Course: What Impact on the Colonic Mucosa?

Vidal-Lletjós, Sandra; Beaumont, Martín; Tomé, Daniel; Bénamouzig, Robert; Blachier, François; Lan, Annaïg

doi:10.3390/nu9030310

Cited by 63 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 123 publications

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“…AAs are used as building blocks of macromolecule synthesis for intestinal mucosal and also play a major role in the intracellular protein turnover and energy substrates of enterocytes [3]. However, in veterinary medicine, AA modifications are rarely studied in dogs with chronic enteropathies [5,12,13].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In human medicine, it has been shown that diet can influence microbiota composition and that the integration of AAs has positive effects [3]. Evaluating the microbiota composition in relation to AA serum concentration would also be of interest in veterinary medicine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Amino acids (AAs) are required for gastrointestinal health, as they can improve intestinal growth and maintain mucosal integrity and barrier function [1]. In human inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), specific alterations in the metabolism of AAs can result from the pathophysiological process caused by bowel inflammation and can influence the progression of IBD [2,3]. AAs have various functions, and can reduce oxidative stress, contribute to the restoration of mucosal homeostasis, balance inflammatory and proinflammatory cytokines production and increase immune regulatory cytokine concentration [1,4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Serum amino acid profile in 51 dogs with immunosuppressant-responsive enteropathy (IRE): a pilot study on clinical aspects and outcomes

et al. 2020

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Background: Lower levels of tryptophan (TRP) have been identified in people with inflammatory bowel disease and in dogs with protein-losing enteropathy (PLE). No data on serum amino acids (AAs) but some on plasma in canine immunosuppressant-responsive enteropathy (IRE) are available. The aim of this study is to compare serum AAs between healthy and IRE dogs, considering clinicopathological variables and follow-up. Results: Twenty-six healthy control dogs (CD) and 51 IRE dogs were included. IRE was diagnosed after the exclusion of extra-intestinal diseases and food and antibiotic responsive enteropathies. The canine chronic enteropathy clinical activity index (CCECAI) was assessed at presentation and during the clinical follow-up. In CD and IRE dogs, 19 different serum AAs were measured. IRE dogs were classified into responders, partial responders and non-responders, based on CCECAI after 1 month, and divided into PLE and non-PLE, based on albumin level. IRE dogs showed lower L-Tyrosine (TYR), L-Phenylalanine (PHE) and TRP (p < 0.001) and higher L-Serine (SER), L-Glutamic acid (GLU), L-Arginine (p < 0.001), L-Threonine (p = 0.013), Proline (p = 0.044), L-Cysteine (p = 0.003), L-Valine (p = 0.018), L-Lysine (p = 0.01) and L-Isoleucine (p = 0.005) than CDs. PLE dogs showed lower L-Histidine (HIS) (p = 0.008), PHE (p = 0.005) and TRP (p = 0.005) than non-PLE dogs. In IRE dogs, median GLU was significantly lower in dogs with BCS 3/9 than BCS 5/9 category (p = 0.036). Total protein was positively correlated with PHE and TRP (both p = 0.031, r = 0.30) and albumin was positively correlated with HIS (p = 0.025, r = 0.31), PHE and TRP (both p = 0.001, r = 0.46). HIS (p = 0.041), PHE (p = 0.047) and TRP (p = 0.044) concentrations were significantly lower in nonresponders than in responders and partial responders. Conclusions:This study may suggest further investigation on serum, HIS, PHE, TRP and TYR as markers of intestinal disease and proposed HIS, PHE and TRP as prognostic marker for response to therapy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Serum amino acid profile in 51 dogs with immunosuppressant-responsive enteropathy (IRE): a pilot study on clinical aspects and outcomes

et al. 2020

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“…Some reported evidence exists that the quantity and the quality of dietary protein consumption and amino acid supplementation may differentially influence the IBD course. 38…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epistasis Detection in Genome-Wide Screening for Complex Human Diseases in Structured Populations

et al. 2019

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Over the years, a more prominent role has been given to gene-gene interaction (epistasis) detection, in view of precision medicine and the hunt for novel drug targets and biomarkers for complex diseases. Acknowledging data complexity as embodied by epistasis potentially increases the power of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and may reveal relevant biological and biochemical pathways previously undetected. Although confounding of GWAS due to shared genetic ancestry has been well recognized, the extent and impact of such confounding in gene-gene interaction association epistasis studies is much less understood. In the same spirit, the role of population substructure in epistasis detection is largely under-investigated, especially outside a regression framework. This is surprising as inadequate handling of such confounding is likely to lead to spurious epistatic associations, hampering replication and the identification of causal loci in synergy. To improve interpretability and replicability of epistasis results, we introduce ''MB-MDR for Structured Populations'' (Model-Based Multifactor Dimensionality Reduction-Principal Component [MBMDR-PC]). It extends classic MBMDR that was developed for samples sharing the same genetic ancestry, by replacing the original phenotypes with new phenotypes that have been adjusted for population structure as captured by PCs. The method is applied on International Inflammatory Bowel Disease Genetics Consortium Crohn's disease (CD) data from 15 countries. Significant interacting single nucleotide polymorphisms are found within NOD2 and CYLD genes among others that suggest a potential synergetic effect of NOD2 and CYLD on CD. The study highlights the value of examining epistasis effects and indicates the need for further studies to understand the epistasis effects on CD.

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“…For instance, amino acids derived from dietary proteins display beneficial effects helping the macromolecule synthesis in the inflamed bowel mucosa. However, an excessive amount of dietary proteins may result in an increased production of deleterious bacterial metabolites causing the inhibition of colonic epithelial cell proliferation, and increasing intestinal permeability [111]. The impact of the high protein diet on the gut microbiota and colonic epithelium might be amplified in patients with a compromised barrier function, such as patients with IBD.…”

Section: Bioactive Peptidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enteral Nutrition Supplemented with Transforming Growth Factor-β, Colostrum, Probiotics, and Other Nutritional Compounds in the Treatment of Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease

2020

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Enteral nutrition seems to play a significant role in the treatment of both adults and children with active Crohn’s disease, and to a lesser degree in the treatment of patients with active ulcerative colitis. The inclusion of some special factors in the enteral nutrition formulas might increase the rate of the efficacy. Actually, enteral nutrition enriched in Transforming Growth Factor-β reduced the activity index and maintained remission in patients with Crohn’s disease. In addition, a number of experimental animal studies have shown that colostrum exerts a significantly positive result. Probiotics of a special type and a certain dosage could also reduce the inflammatory process in patients with active ulcerative colitis. Therefore, the addition of these factors in an enteral nutrition formula might increase its effectiveness. Although the use of these formulas is not supported by large clinical trials, it could be argued that their administration in selected cases as an exclusive diet or in combination with the drugs used in patients with inflammatory bowel disease could benefit the patient. In this review, the authors provide an update on the role of enteral nutrition, supplemented with Transforming Growth Factor-β, colostrum, and probiotics in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

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Dietary Protein and Amino Acid Supplementation in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Course: What Impact on the Colonic Mucosa?

Cited by 63 publications

References 123 publications

Serum amino acid profile in 51 dogs with immunosuppressant-responsive enteropathy (IRE): a pilot study on clinical aspects and outcomes

Serum amino acid profile in 51 dogs with immunosuppressant-responsive enteropathy (IRE): a pilot study on clinical aspects and outcomes

Epistasis Detection in Genome-Wide Screening for Complex Human Diseases in Structured Populations

Enteral Nutrition Supplemented with Transforming Growth Factor-β, Colostrum, Probiotics, and Other Nutritional Compounds in the Treatment of Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease

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