Dietary predictors of early-onset ischaemic heart disease in a sample drawn from a Pakistani population

Rafique, Rafia; Amjad, Naumana

doi:10.1136/heartasia-2011-010090

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(41 reference statements)

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“…Risiko bahaya kejadian gagal jantung berturut-turut yaitu 3,77, 4,64, 4,89, dan 7,39 kali pada 1000 orang per tahun untuk frekuensi asupan makanan yang digoreng dari <1 kali seminggu, 1-3 kali per minggu, 4-6 kali per minggu, dan >7 kali tiap minggunya 6 . Penelitian di Pakistan dengan metode case control menunjukkan bahwa pola makan yang tidak sehat (tinggi produk hewani, tinggi garam, snack asin, gorengan, ghee dan mentega serta rendah buah, sayuran dan ikan) secara signifikan berhubungan dengan risiko penyakit jantung iskemik 12 .…”

Section: Results (Hasil)unclassified

“…Makanan yang digoreng tidak hanya berisiko meningkatkan terjadinya PJK. Penelitian di Pakistan pada tahun 2012 menunjukkan bahwa pola makan yang tidak sehat termasuk makanan yang digoreng secara signifikan memiliki hubungan dengan Penyakit Jantung Iskemik (PJI) 12 . Selain itu, studi cohort yang dilakukan tahun 2015 pada peserta Physicians' Health Study membuktikan bahwa semakin sering mengkonsumsi gorengan tiap minggunya, semakin tinggi pula risiko bahaya terjadinya gagal jantung 6 .…”

Section: Discussion (Pembahasan) Hubungan Pola Konsumsi Makanan Gorenunclassified

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Studi Literatur: Hubungan Pola Konsumsi Makanan Gorengan Dengan Penyakit Kardiovaskular

2020

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Background: Cardiovascular disease occurred by many factors, one of them is because of consuming high saturated fat intake from fried food. Previous studies have shown that there are inconsistent results from the research related to the correlation between fried food intake and cardiovascular disease. This literature study is important to be done to explain the problem of different results for each previous study.Objective: To examine the correlation between fried food intake and cardiovascular disease from various previous studies also to analyze the correlation between fried food intake people with polymorphisms of ALDH2 and ABCA1 genes and cardiovascular disease occurrence.Methods: Exploring literature material was done by Pubmed and Science Direct databases. Article research methods were sought by observational studies (cross-sectional, case-control, and cohort). Eight articles were selected based on the inclusion criteria that have been determined.Results: Fried food intake is associated with cardiovascular diseases such as coronary heart disease, ischemic heart disease, and heart failure. However, the EPIC-Spanish cohort study shows that fried food intake is not associated with cardiovascular disease. People with polymorphisms carrier in the ALDH2 gene rs671 genotypes A/A and A/G has a higher risk of increase CHD compared to a person who is a GG genotype carrier. People with polymorphism carrier in the ABCA1 gene rs4149339 genotype CC also has a higher risk of developing CHD compared with people who carry a TT genotype.Conclusion: Fried food intake has a positive correlation with the risk of cardiovascular disease in adulthood and the elderly. Fried food intake with people who have a certain gene variations is associated with cardiovascular disease occurrence.

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Section: Results (Hasil)unclassified

Section: Discussion (Pembahasan) Hubungan Pola Konsumsi Makanan Gorenunclassified

Studi Literatur: Hubungan Pola Konsumsi Makanan Gorengan Dengan Penyakit Kardiovaskular

2020

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“…The findings of our study were different as in our study high levels of triglycerides and LDL were common among almost half of the CAD patients but for controls, only one-third of respondents had elevated levels of triglycerides and LDL. Rafique et al reported that in the population of Pakistan, diets with a high frequency of butter, ghee, eggs, and beef has been associated with an increased risk of CAD [ 25 ]. Our study reported similar findings as there was a significant association between CAD risk and chicken, beef, eggs, yogurt, and junk food intake, as well as eating fish less than twice per week.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our study reported similar findings as there was a significant association between CAD risk and chicken, beef, eggs, yogurt, and junk food intake, as well as eating fish less than twice per week. Findings of another study [ 25 ] revealed that fruit consumption had a protective effect against CAD. These findings are similar to the findings of our study which reported that fruit and vegetable consumption had a protective effect against CAD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A 27% lower risk of developing CVD was observed among respondents consuming vegetables and fruits three times or more every day [ 32 ]. However, the findings of another study [ 25 ] reported that greater vegetable consumption had no protective effect against the development of CAD. Our study found no significant association between the risk of CAD and fish consumption less than 2 times per week or consumption of milk and ghee every day.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dietary Habits of Patients with Coronary Artery Disease: A Case-Control Study from Pakistan

Hanif

Fan

Wang

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Background: Adults in South Asian countries have high chances of developing coronary artery disease (CAD) as compared to the developed nations. CAD is among the primary non-communicable causes of death in this region. Dyslipidemia, obesity, smoking hypertension, diabetes are considered as important risk factors for CVD. Methods: A case-control study was conducted, with data was collected from the Punjab Institute of Cardiology in Lahore and the University of Lahore Teaching Hospital. A total of 500 subjects were selected, of which 250 were coronary artery disease patients and 250 were healthy controls. The CAD patients were selected from the outpatient department (OPD) and emergency unit of the Punjab Institute of Cardiology and the University of Lahore Teaching Hospital. Results: The mean age of CAD patients was 57.83 ± 7.51 years and that of the controls was 55.32 ± 6.40 years. There was a significant difference in the mean values of biochemical parameters among cases and controls except for fasting blood sugar levels while there was a significant difference (p-value: 0.000) in the mean values of systolic blood pressure among cases and controls. Similarly, the values of diastolic blood pressure were also significantly different (p-value: 0.000) among cases and controls. The values of total blood cholesterol, LDL, triglycerides and HDL were also significantly different among cases and controls. There was a significant relationship between consumption of chicken, eggs, beef, yogurt, junk food, fresh vegetables, and fruits, and incidence of CAD. Consuming milk every day, and consuming fish weekly and consuming ghee had no significant association with the risk of coronary artery disease. On the other hand, from the findings of the unadjusted model, there was a significant association between CAD risk and intake of chicken, beef, egg, yogurt, junk food, fish, vegetables, and fruits. Conclusions: Diet is a risk factor for coronary artery disease and can be adjusted to reduce the risk of CAD. A key finding is that consumption of chicken, beef, eggs and junk food are associated with a high risk of CAD whereas consumption of ghee is not associated with the risk of CAD.

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Lifestyle and metabolic risk factors in patients with early-onset myocardial infarction: a case-control study

Wienbergen

Boakye

Günther

et al. 2022

European Journal of Preventive Cardiology

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Aims Family history is a known risk factor for early-onset myocardial infarction (EOMI). However, the role of modifiable lifestyle and metabolic factors in EOMI risk is unclear and may differ from that of older adults. Methods This case-control study included MI patients aged ≤45 years from the Bremen STEMI Registry and matched controls randomly selected from the general population (German National Cohort) at the same geographical region. Multiple logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the individual and combined associations of lifestyle and metabolic factors with EOMI risk, overall and according to family history for premature MI. Results A total of 522 cases and 1,191 controls were included. Hypertension, current smoking, elevated waist-to-hip ratio and diabetes mellitus were strongly associated with the occurrence of EOMI. By contrast, higher frequency of alcohol consumption was associated with decreased EOMI risk. In a combined analysis of the risk factors hypertension, current smoking, BMI ≥25.0 kg/sqm and diabetes mellitus, participants having one (OR = 5.4, 95%CI = 2.9-10.1) and two or more risk factors (OR = 42.3, 95%CI = 22.3-80.4) had substantially higher odds of EOMI compared to those with none of these risk factors, regardless of their family history. Conclusion This study demonstrates a strong association of smoking and metabolic risk factors with the occurrence of EOMI. The data suggest that the risk of EOMI goes beyond family history and underline the importance of primary prevention efforts to reduce smoking and metabolic syndrome in young persons.

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Dietary predictors of early-onset ischaemic heart disease in a sample drawn from a Pakistani population

Abstract: 50-73% of variance in IHD due to dietary pattern can be predicted with 91.8% accuracy within the study sample. The study lays ground for future research, as well as providing help in planning preventive dietary strategies to counter the escalating burden of IHD in Pakistan.

Cited by 4 publications

References 32 publications

Studi Literatur: Hubungan Pola Konsumsi Makanan Gorengan Dengan Penyakit Kardiovaskular

Studi Literatur: Hubungan Pola Konsumsi Makanan Gorengan Dengan Penyakit Kardiovaskular

Dietary Habits of Patients with Coronary Artery Disease: A Case-Control Study from Pakistan

Lifestyle and metabolic risk factors in patients with early-onset myocardial infarction: a case-control study

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