Dietary Practice among Type 2 Diabetic Ppatients in Southern Ethiopia

Abstract

Background. Diabetic patients’ dietary practice is critical to improve glycemic, lipid, and blood pressure control. However, a significant number of patients had poor dietary practice. In Ethiopia, more than half of diabetic patients were not practicing a healthy dietary approach. Therefore, this study assessed variables that were hardly addressed in previous studies. The aim of this study was to assess dietary practice and associated factors among patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods. A facility-based cross-sectional study was performed among patients with type 2 diabetes in Arba Minch General Hospital from April 21 to May 20, 2020. A systematic sampling technique was used to select 352 patients. The data were entered into EpiData version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 21 for cleaning and analysis. Descriptive statistics were performed. All variables in bivariate analysis with p -value <0.25 were entered into a multivariable logistic regression model, and statistical significance was declared at a p -value of less than 0.05. Results. The prevalence of poor dietary practice was found to be 40.6% (95%CI (35.7–46.0)). After adjusting for other variables in multivariable analysis, not attending formal education (AOR = 3.0; 95%CI (1.6–5.5)), being at primary education level (AOR = 2.2; 95%CI (1.1–4.4)), being moderately food insecure (AOR = 5.3; 95%CI (2.8–9.9)), having depression (AOR = 5.9; 95%CI (3.0–11.4)), and not having nutrition education (AOR = 2.2; 95% (1.1–4.6)) were factors associated with poor dietary practice. Conclusions. A significant proportion of patients had poor dietary practice. The poor dietary practice was significantly higher among those with no formal education, at the primary education level, from the moderately food-insecure household, having depression, and not having nutrition education. The results imply the need for strengthening health information dissemination concerning healthy dietary practice in the form of a package.

Dietary practice and associated factors among type 2 diabetic patients in Gambella region hospitals, Ethiopia

“…The overall good dietary practice among study participants in this study was 57.7%, which is in line with the study conducted in Ethiopia (Worsa et al , 2021) and Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Sami et al , 2020). The findings of the present study were greater than findings from other parts of Ethiopia, in Yekatit 12 hospital in Addis Ababa (Worku et al , 2015) and a study done in Bahir Dar town (Demilew et al , 2018).…”

“…In this study, it was found that patients who got nutritional advice were more likely to have good dietary practices, which is consistent with studies done in Kenya (Musee et al , 2016), Nigeria (Muhammad et al , 2021) and Ethiopia (Demilew et al , 2018; Shikur et al , 2016), where nutritional advice from doctors has shown a positive association with healthier dietary habits (cereals, vegetables, fruit and legumes) and coffee). A study in Southern Ethiopia also indicated a positive correlation between dietary practice and nutritional education (Worsa et al , 2021). According to a study in South Africa, diabetes nutrition education also indicated a significant impact on dietary adherence (Muchiri et al , 2015).…”

“…Involving families provides an opportunity to address the family members’ knowledge, worries and attitudes, as the majority of self-management and dietary practice occurs within the family environment (Baig et al , 2016). There is growing evidence towards both patients’ and family members’ improved clinical and psychosocial outcomes, when a family-oriented approach is undertaken by health-care professionals in relation to chronic diseases, including diabetes (Worsa et al , 2021; Baig et al , 2016). Moreover, involving families has the implications of adherence to the recommended lifestyle and the general well-being of the patient.…”

“…A study by Nkosi et al reveals knowledge as a silent factor related to dietary management (Nkosi and Wright, 2010). Furthermore, patients’ awareness of a suggested diet reflects their comprehension of dietary recommendations, which influenced their food choices and eating habits (Muhammad et al , 2021; Worsa et al , 2021; Mekonnen et al , 2020).…”

Dietary Knowledge and Eating Habits among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in Lebanon

“…Concerning EH, our study showed similar results to prior research on EH conducted in Ethiopia [ 27 ] and the UAE [ 28 ], which found that T2D patients' diet was of poor quality. This result is likely to be related to the significant changes in EH toward western eating patterns.…”