Dietary potassium and available phosphorous on broiler growth performance, carcass characteristics, and wooden breast

Livingston, Matthew; Landon, C.; Barnes, H. John; Brake, J.; Livingston, Kimberly A.

doi:10.3382/ps/pez015

Cited by 10 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Wooden breast had a significant association with the pectoralis major muscle and whole feathered left wing, which were both larger in affected birds compared to unaffected birds. Previous studies have found similar results with regard to pectoralis major yield (Mutryn et al, 2015b;Livingston et al, 2019b), providing fodder for speculation that high breast muscle yield is responsible for development of the WB and WS phenotypes due to overstretching of the myofibers and a reduction in capillary density (Kuttappan et al, 2013;Dalle Zotte et al, 2017). However, microscopic lesions of WB can be detected as early as 1 week of age in the pectoralis major muscle (Papah et al, 2017).…”

Section: Body Weight Distributionsupporting

confidence: 58%

“…The same blood analysis conducted at 42 days of age produced similar results with regard to blood gas changes in WB affected birds, with the additional finding that packed cell volume (PCV, hematocrit; Hct) was significantly associated with WB severity (Livingston et al, 2019a). Livingston et al (2019b) subsequently reported higher potassium (K + ) levels in affected birds in a study evaluating the venous blood of male broilers at 42 days of age.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 63%

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Blood Gas Disturbances and Disproportionate Body Weight Distribution in Broilers With Wooden Breast

et al. 2020

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Section: Body Weight Distributionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Blood Gas Disturbances and Disproportionate Body Weight Distribution in Broilers With Wooden Breast

et al. 2020

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“…Dysregulation of cation homeostasis that extends beyond Ca 2+ in affected birds provides evidence that an influx of Ca 2+ into the cytoplasm from extracellular spaces involves cell membrane depolarization. Specifically, affected birds show higher sodium and lower magnesium and phosphorus in the pectoralis major as well as higher blood potassium levels (Zambonelli et al, 2016;Livingston et al, 2019b). At resting condition, the concentration of K + is higher inside the cell while the concentration of Na + and Ca 2+ is higher outside the cell (Bahar et al, 2016), but the opening of voltage-gated calcium and sodium channels during membrane depolarization results in the rapid influx of Ca 2+ and Na + from extracellular spaces (Bahar et al, 2016).…”

Section: Calcium Cycling Abnormalitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glucolipotoxicity: A Proposed Etiology for Wooden Breast and Related Myopathies in Commercial Broiler Chickens

Lake

Abasht

2020

Front. Physiol.

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Wooden breast is one of several myopathies of fast-growing commercial broilers that has emerged as a consequence of intensive selection practices in the poultry breeding industry. Despite the substantial economic burden presented to broiler producers worldwide by wooden breast and related muscle disorders such as white striping, the genetic and etiological underpinnings of these diseases are still poorly understood. Here we propose a new hypothesis on the primary causes of wooden breast that implicates dysregulation of lipid and glucose metabolism. Our hypothesis addresses recent findings that have suggested etiologic similarities between wooden breast and type 2 diabetes despite their phenotypic disparities. Unlike in mammals, dysregulation of lipid and glucose metabolism is not accompanied by an increase in plasma glucose levels but generates a unique skeletal muscle phenotype, i.e., wooden breast, in chickens. We hypothesize that these phenotypic disparities result from a major difference in skeletal muscle glucose transport between birds and mammals, and that the wooden breast phenotype most closely resembles complications of diabetes in smooth and cardiac muscle of mammals. Additional basic research on wooden breast and related muscle disorders in commercial broiler chickens is necessary and can be informative for poultry breeding and production as well as for human health and disease. To inform future studies, this paper reviews the current biological knowledge of wooden breast, outlines the major steps in its proposed pathogenesis, and examines how selection for production traits may have contributed to its prevalence.

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“…Wooden breast (WB) and white striping (WS) are two forms of muscle myopathies that have emerged in the last decade. These myopathies have been associated with fast growing, high-yield broiler chickens (1,2), and were shown to be potentially associated with acid-base imbalances (3). The multiple ion channels of sodium (Na), potassium (K), chloride (Cl), calcium (Ca), and magnesium (Mg) play a critical role in proper muscle function (4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence, blood biochemical parameter measures are optimum indicators to detect the physiological state of acid-base balance, and the blood variables involved in the assessment of physiological disturbances, which are pH, partial pressure of CO 2 (pCO 2 ), and blood HCO 3 , as well as hemoglobin concentration (10,11). Furthermore, the blood iCa and glucose are indicators of metabolic and physiological status used for assessment of breast muscle myopathies in chickens (3,12,13).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Limestone Particle Size and Potassium Supplementation on Growth Performance, Blood Physiology, and Breast Muscle Myopathy of Male Broiler Chickens

et al. 2020

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The experiment investigated the effects of limestone particle size and dietary potassium (K) on live performance, blood physiology, and muscle myopathies in broilers raised to 35 days of age. A total of 384 Ross male broilers were placed in 24 floor pens and fed four diets during the starter (0–16 days of age) and grower (17–33 days of age) periods containing two limestone particle sizes (fine: 0.2 mm and coarse: 0.9 mm), and amended with either 0% basal K (K–) or 0.2% added dietary K (K+) as potassium carbonate to complete the 2 × 2 factorial arrangement. Live performance was measured from 1–33 days of age. Blood physiology, woody breast (WB), and white striping (WS) scores were measured at 35 days of age. The K+ dietary treatment reduced (P < 0.05) feed intake and BWG when compared to K– during the starter and grower period. The K+ dietary treatment decreased blood Na (mmol/L), blood glucose (mg/dl), ionized blood Ca (mg/dl), TCO2 (mmol/L), blood HCO3 (mmol/L), and base excess in extracellular fluid (mmol/L) when compared to K– birds of similar body weight at 35 days of age (P ≤ 0.05). Fine limestone diets tended to reduce WB scores (3.0 vs. 2.59) when compared to coarse limestone diets at 35 days of age (P = 0.08). This study demonstrated that using 0.2% of K as potassium carbonate did not negatively affect FCR even though FI and BWG were reduced. Furthermore, fine limestone has the potential to reduce WB in breast muscle tissues; however, further research is needed to confirm these outcomes.

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Dietary potassium and available phosphorous on broiler growth performance, carcass characteristics, and wooden breast

Cited by 10 publications

References 20 publications

Blood Gas Disturbances and Disproportionate Body Weight Distribution in Broilers With Wooden Breast

Blood Gas Disturbances and Disproportionate Body Weight Distribution in Broilers With Wooden Breast

Glucolipotoxicity: A Proposed Etiology for Wooden Breast and Related Myopathies in Commercial Broiler Chickens

Effect of Limestone Particle Size and Potassium Supplementation on Growth Performance, Blood Physiology, and Breast Muscle Myopathy of Male Broiler Chickens

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