Dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids in asthma- and exercise-induced bronchoconstriction

Mickleborough, Timothy D.; Rundell, Kenneth W.

doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602250

Cited by 58 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 114 publications

(125 reference statements)

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“…Studies with longer intervention periods, from 6 months to 1 yr, also led to inconsistent results with some studies showing improvement in lung function [100,101] or inflammatory markers [101][102][103], or no effect [104]. The dosage and duration of n-3 PUFA supplementation, and the type of asthmatic patients differed between studies and may explain the discrepancy between these studies [12,34]. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews identified 22 studies but included only nine that fulfilled the inclusion criteria and concluded that data were insufficient to determine the effect of n-3 PUFA in asthma.…”

Section: Inflammatory Responsementioning

confidence: 96%

“…n-3 PUFA supplementation Lung function and inflammatory response The impact of n-3 PUFA supplementation on asthmatic symptoms and exercise-induced bronchoconstriction has been examined among asthmatic subjects in various recently reviewed studies [12,34,99]. Most of these studies enrolled a small number of asthmatic patients randomly assigned to receive a high dose of n-3 PUFA (3-4 g of EPA) for a short time-period (6-10 weeks); results were inconsistent.…”

Section: Inflammatory Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Air pollution, oxidative stress and dietary supplementation: a review

Romieu

Castro-Giner²,

Künzli³

et al. 2008

European Respiratory Journal

220

157

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The aim of the present review was to provide an up-to-date overview of the biological and epidemiological evidence of the role of oxidative stress as a major underlying feature of the toxic effect of air pollutants, and the potential role of dietary supplementation in enhancing antioxidant defences.A bibliographic search was conducted through PubMed. The keywords used in the search were ''air pollutant'', ''oxidative stress'', ''inflammation'', ''antioxidant polyunsaturated fatty acids'' and ''genetics''. In addition, the authors also searched for biomarkers of oxidative stress and nutrients.The review presents the most recent data on: the biological and epidemiological evidence of the oxidative stress response to air pollutants; the role of dietary supplementation as a modulator of these effects; and factors of inter-individual variation in human response. The methodology for further epidemiological studies will be discussed in order to improve the current understanding on how nutritional factors may act.There is substantial evidence that air pollution exposure results in increased oxidative stress and that dietary supplementation may play a modulating role on the acute effect of air pollutants. Further epidemiological studies should address the impact of supplementation strategies in the prevention of air-pollution-related long-term effects in areas where people are destined to be exposed for the distant future.

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Section: Inflammatory Responsementioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Inflammatory Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

Air pollution, oxidative stress and dietary supplementation: a review

Romieu

Castro-Giner²,

Künzli³

et al. 2008

European Respiratory Journal

220

157

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…To the best of our knowledge, no previous study has focused on the effect of allergic sensitisation on serum fatty acid patterns, whereas several studies have compared fatty acid status in human subjects with and without allergic disease (13,36) (for recent reviews, see Devereux & Seaton (11) and Mickleborough & Rundell (12) ). Possibly these alterations are partly due to an altered lipoprotein distribution after the acute-phase response (for a review, see Schweigert (37) ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatty acid composition of serum lipid classes in mice following allergic sensitisation with or without dietary docosahexaenoic acid-enriched fish oil substitution

et al. 2008

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Dietary fatty acids have been shown to influence allergic sensitisation. Both n-3 and n-6 PUFA are involved in targeted mediation of inflammatory responses during allergic sensitisation and manifestation of atopic diseases. In the present experiments we investigated whether supplementation of DHA-enriched fish oil partly substituting dietary sunflower-seed oil, in comparison with sunflower-seed oil, supplemented to mice influences fatty acid composition of serum lipid classes. The effects of the two different diets were also investigated depending on allergic sensitisation. Supplementation of DHA and EPA in doses of 2 and 0·12 % (w/w) to non-sensitised and sensitised mice resulted in significantly increased percentile contributions of DHA to all lipid classes. In contrast, serum values of the n-6 PUFA arachidonic acid (AA) were significantly lower, both in nonsensitised and sensitised mice fed the DHA-enriched diet. The fatty acid composition of serum lipids also reflected allergic sensitisation: the EPA:AA ratio in TAG, cholesteryl esters and phospholipids in non-supplemented animals fell to 23, 29 and 29 % respectively of the original value after allergic sensitisation, whereas it decreased to 70, 80 and 76 % respectively only in the animals supplemented with DHA. In summary, allergic sensitisation alone decreased significantly the EPA:AA ratios in serum TAG, while concomitant supplementation of DHA-enriched fish oil ameliorated this decrease. We postulate from the present results that the amelioration of the severity of allergic sensitisation after DHA supplementation may be linked to altered ratios of the eicosanoid precursors EPA and AA as well as DHA needed for further metabolic activation to pro-or anti-inflammatory bioactive lipids.

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“…Cette consommation excessive de LA n'apparaît justifiée ni chez l'enfant né à terme ni chez l'adulte. Bien plus, un tel excès a pu être associé à l'asthme [15] et au taux d'homicide [16] ce, pendant que les propriétés anti-athérogènes du LA ont été remises en question [17].…”

Section: Mots Clé : Acides Gras Essentiels -Tissu Adipeux -Obésitéunclassified

Lipides alimentaires et masse adipeuse excédentaire : le statut des acides gras ω6 et ω3 n’est plus ce qu’il était

Ailhaud

2007

Obes

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Si l'importance d'un excès de lipides alimentaires dans l'augmentation de la prévalence du surpoids et de l'obésité reste sujet à discussion, les effets des changements de leur composition en acides gras polyinsaturés (AGPIs) des séries o6 et o3 sont restés ignorés. Les résultats obtenus chez l'animal montrent que les AGPIs de la série o6 favorisent la formation du tissu adipeux alors que les AGPIs de la série o3 contrecarrent cet effet. Chez l'homme, l'augmentation des lipides ingérés s'est accompagnée d'une forte augmentation des acides linoléique et arachidonique (série o6) de~230 % et d'une nette diminution de l'acide a-linolénique (série o3). Un réexamen du statut des AGPIs dans la chaîne alimentaire apparaît nécessaire. Mots clé : Acides gras essentiels -Tissu adipeux -ObésitéObesity: Omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids revisited Abstract: Although the importance of dietary lipids in the increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity remains controversial, the effects of their fatty acid composition has been disregarded. Animal studies show that omega-6 (o6) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) favor adipose tissue growth, whereas omega-3 (o3) PUFAs counteract that effect. In humans, increased fatty acid consumption has been associated with a disproportionate increase in o6 linoleic and arachidonic acids and a disproportionate decrease in o3 a-linolenic acid. The roles of o6 and o3 PUFAs merit re-examination throughout the food chain.

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Dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids in asthma- and exercise-induced bronchoconstriction

Cited by 58 publications

References 114 publications

Air pollution, oxidative stress and dietary supplementation: a review

Air pollution, oxidative stress and dietary supplementation: a review

Fatty acid composition of serum lipid classes in mice following allergic sensitisation with or without dietary docosahexaenoic acid-enriched fish oil substitution

Lipides alimentaires et masse adipeuse excédentaire : le statut des acides gras ω6 et ω3 n’est plus ce qu’il était

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